空氣污染暴露路線選擇空間決策支援系統之研究

Abstract

世界上許多城市面臨空氣污染的問題，多數研究已證實空氣污染對於人體健康的危害，民眾對於空氣品質的意識快速高漲，雖然近幾年政府提出相關減少空氣污染排放的方案，但無法立即且大量的減少污染排放源，在改善空氣品質的過渡期中，透過預警與建議的方式，給予民眾對於空氣品質的資訊，輔助活動上的決策將能降低空氣污染暴露。空氣污染暴露量的計算，與測站及人類活動在時間及空間上都有密切的關係，隨著近幾年環境微感測器的數量持續增加，空氣污染監測資料於空間及時間上的密度有所提升，更能即時反應民眾所接觸到的空氣品質狀態，而在目前的預警應用上，對於空氣污染暴露量的路線選擇仍有待發展，過去研究在於空氣污染暴露量的評估上，多數強調最低暴露量路線所帶來的益處，卻忽略了實際生活中，民眾對於路線選擇上的成本考量以及路線變化後所帶來的影響，且在實際應用上，將需要蒐集及維護網絡圖層以進行路線規劃，資料的更新及維護上將是一個問題。故本研究利用微感測器資料，進行都市區域空氣污染暴露量的推估，考量距離與空氣污染暴露量進行路線規劃，提供日常生活中路線選擇上的幫助，並基於線上地圖服務建置空間決策支援系統，嘗試改善資料蒐集及維護上的問題。

In this world, many cities are facing air pollution problems. As studies have confirmed that air pollution is harmful to human health, the public consciousness of air quality has been raised rapidly. Although the government has proposed a plan to reduce air pollution emissions in recent years, it cannot reduce the source of pollution immediately and massively. During the transition period to improve air quality, early warning and recommendations will be given to people about air quality information, and decision-making on supporting activities will reduce air pollution exposure. The location of the air quality sensor and human activities at different times and spaces will affect the calculation of air pollution exposure. In recent years, the number of environmental micro-sensors has continued to increase, the spatial and temporal resolution of data has increased, and air quality values can be received more quickly. In the current air pollution warning application, the route selection for air pollution exposure still needs to be developed. In past studies, the assessment of air pollution exposure mostly emphasized the benefits of the minimum exposure route, but ignored the cost of route selection and the impact of route changes in real life. In practical applications, they will need to collect and maintain network layers for route planning. Updating and maintaining the data on the system will be a problem. Therefore, this study use the micro-sensor data to estimate the exposure of urban air pollution, consider the distance and air pollution exposure to carry out route planning, and provide assistance in route selection in daily life. And based on online map services to build a spatial decision support systems, try to improve data collection and maintenance issues.