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標題: | 陣列式壓電振動能量擷取系統在不同介面電路下之動態特性分析研究 Dynamic analysis of an array of piezo-energy harvesting system endowed with various interface circuits |
作者: | I-Ching Lien 連益慶 |
指導教授: | 舒貽忠(Yi-Chung Shu) |
關鍵字: | 陣列式壓電振動能量擷取,能量擷取電路,功率提昇模式,寬頻模式,寬頻能量擷取器,壓電材料, array of piezoelectric energy harvesters,energy harvesting circuits,power-boosting mode,wideband mode,broadband energy harvester,piezoelectric materials, |
出版年 : | 2012 |
學位: | 博士 |
摘要: | 本論文旨在探討並聯-陣列式壓電振動能量擷取系統之研究,文中主要著重於陣列式壓電振動子群在後端接上各種型態的能量擷取電路後之系統動態行為。在架構上,以『壓電振動子』與『能量擷取介面電路』為兩大主軸,來對上述主題進行模型建立、電路模擬與實驗驗證等相關的分析與探討。
首先,文中使用能量法並配合模態展開,來描述振動子於各種共振情況下之力電轉換特性,並隨後以有限元素軟體配合實例加以驗證。在能量擷取介面電路方面則採用並聯式-『單一整流器』與『多整流器』等架構,各架構可再細分為:標準、電感並聯同步切換及電感串聯同步切換等三種不同子電路。我們整合上述各部份,並使用實數積分法及複變數等效阻抗來建立整個系統之解析模型。經過了電路模擬及實驗結果比對後,可看到該解析模型對於系統展現了良好的預測能力。實驗部分,本團隊開發一專屬於陣列式壓電結構之實驗平台,該平台對於環境噪音、或是各振動子在共振時產生的力學干擾,有著非常好的壓制效果。 由實驗結果與理論分析可發現,系統會隨著振動子間幾何參數差異、不同能量擷取電路的使用等因素,而在輸出功率提升、寬頻模式兩特性之間變換游移。例如:在共振頻僅有微小差異情況下,使用『單一整流器』和『多整流器』架構均產生相似的功率輸出提升趨勢。然而,當振動子之間的共振頻差異提高時,不同的整流器架構,便會展現相當迥異的結果。以『單一整流器』架構為例,在輸出功率提升與共振頻寬展延的綜合表現上,電感並聯同步切換電路為最佳、而標準與電感串聯同步切換則遜色許多,且後兩者彼此呈現相似的趨勢。至於『多整流器』架構,電感並聯同步切換電路呈現出同時包含功率提升及平滑飽滿之共振頻寬之雙重特性,而標準電路次之。相當出乎意料之外地,電感串聯同步切換電路之功率提升及寬頻效果的表現均比上述兩種電路來的遜色許多。最後,對於上述各個系統架構於實際使用時,如:二極體元件之非理想損失對輸出功率所造成的影響,我們亦做了些許的探討。 The aim of the present thesis is to study energy harvesting based on an array of piezoelectric oscillators connected in parallel. The main focus is on the electromechanical response of an array system endowed with various types of energy harvesting circuits. Therefore, efforts are made for modeling piezoelectric oscillators and for analyzing the influence of electronic interface circuits on power harvesting. The results are validated both numerically and experimentally. The Hamiltonian’s principle and modal analysis are adopted for analyzing the electromechanical response of a piezoelectric oscillator with configuration as a simply supported beam. Subsequently the results are validated by the finite element method. The interface circuits include the Standard and parallel-/series-SSHI (synchronized switch harvesting on inductor) circuits. Besides, the harvesters are classified according to the connection to a single or multiple rectifiers. The former has advantages of small amount of electrical loss and the ease of circuit control in SSHI techniques. On the other hand, the second type can reduce the risk of charge cancelation, but may suffer significant amount of electrical loss and have difficulty in implementing control circuits for SSHI interfaces. The analytic estimates of harvested power under steady-state response are proposed for each case based on direct real integration method and complex equivalent impedance. The results are validated by PSpice circuit simulation and experimental justification by developing a well-prepared platform. The results show that DC power output changes from the power-boosting mode to the wideband mode according to various degrees of deviations in the system parameters of harvesters. For example, there is significant power boosting in the case with small deviations in the system parameters. However, such an effect becomes less pronounced and the harvester possesses the characteristic of wideband if the deviations of parameters are large. Specifically, for the system based on the use of a single rectifier, parallel-SSHI shows much more significant bandwidth improvement than the other two cases. Such a wideband effect is even more eminent in the system based on the use of multiple-rectifier parallel-SSHI. Much to our surprise, the series-SSHI array system shows the worst electrical response. Such an observation is opposed to our previous finding that an SSHI technique avails against the standard technique in the case based on a single piezoelectric energy harvester, and the explanation is under investigation. Finally, it is concluded with several comments on the implementation of interface circuits in real energy harvesting devices. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/66142 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 應用力學研究所 |
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