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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 張寶棣 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Yeng-Ming Tzeng | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 曾衍銘 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-17T00:00:55Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2012-09-01 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2012-07-19 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2012 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2012-07-16 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/65714 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 藉由在大強子對撞機上的緊湊渺子線圈偵測器，我們採用質心能量為7 TeV的質子對撞事件來尋找帶2/3電荷成對出現的類向量頂夸克（Ｔ）。透過Ｔ夸克的味改變中性流衰變至頂夸克以及Ｚ波色子，兩個來自Ｚ波色子的輕子以及另一個帶電、獨自的輕子被當作觀測訊號事件的考量。使用1.14 /fb 的統一光度，觀測到的事件數和標準模型背景預測是一致的。假設100%的Ｔ夸克衰變為頂夸克以及Ｚ波色子，在95%的信心水準下，質量小於475GeV/c2的Ｔ夸克是不存在的。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | We present a search for pair-produced vector-like charge 2/3 quarks, T, in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV performed by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Events consistent with the flavor changing neutral current decay of a T quark to a top quark and a Z boson are selected by requiring two leptons from the Z decay as well as an additional isolated, charged lepton. With an integrated luminosity of 1.14 /fb, the observed events are found to be consistent with the standard model background prediction. Assuming a branching fraction of 100% for the decay T -> tZ, a T quark with mass less than 475 GeV/c2 is excluded at a 95% confidence level. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-17T00:00:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-101-D95222031-1.pdf: 26165416 bytes, checksum: b2c463f8b043001daefee41a8fd7ee07 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員會審定書i
謝辭iii 中文摘要v Abstract vii Table of Contents ix Chapter I Introduction 1 I.1 History of Fundamental Particles Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 I.2 the Standard Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 I.2.1 Fermions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 I.2.2 Gauge Bosons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 I.3 Unsolved Puzzles in the Standard Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 I.4 Theories beyond the SM for the Hierarchy Problem . . . . . . . . . . . 4 I.5 Vector-like Quark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 I.6 Relative Searches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Chapter II Experimental Apparatus 9 II.1 Overview of the LHC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 II.2 The CMS Detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 II.2.1 Magnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 II.2.2 Tracking Detectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 II.2.3 Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 II.2.4 Hadronic Calorimeter (HCAL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 II.2.5 Muon System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 II.3 Trigger System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 II.3.1 Level-1 Trigger (L1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 II.3.2 High Level Trigger (HLT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 II.4 Luminosity Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 II.4.1 The Primary Luminosity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 II.4.2 The Absolute Luminosity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Chapter III Event Reconstruction 23 III.1 Track Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 III.1.1 Track Seeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 III.1.2 Track finding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 III.1.3 Track Fitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 III.2 Vertex Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 III.2.1 Vertex Fitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 III.2.2 Vertex Finding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 III.3 Muon Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 III.3.1 Local Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 III.3.2 Standalone Muon Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 III.3.3 Global Muon Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 III.4 Electron Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 III.4.1 Supercluster Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 III.4.2 Electron Candidate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 III.5 Jet Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 III.5.1 Anti-kt Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 III.5.2 Particle-Flow Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Chapter IV Data and Monte Carlo Samples 33 Chapter V Event Selection Criteria 37 V.1 Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 V.2 Muon Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 V.3 Electron Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 V.4 Jet and MET Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 V.5 Event Selection and Event Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Chapter VI Pile-Up Study 49 VI.1 Vertex Reweighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 VI.2 Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Chapter VII Background Estimation 53 VII.1 Estimation of Z + jets and tt + jets with a Data Driven Method . . . . . 54 VII.1.1 Measurement of the tight-to-loose ratios . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 VII.1.2 Background estimate and a closure test with MC . . . . . . . . . 55 VII.2 Estimation of the QCD Multijet Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Chapter VIII Systematic Uncertainties 59 Chapter IX Results 63 Chapter X Conclusion 67 Appendix A Preshower Service work 69 A.1 Preshower Sub-detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 A.2 SMB Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 A.2.1 Visual Inspection Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 A.2.2 Flying Probe Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 A.2.3 L4913 Regulator Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 A.2.4 Electric Characteristics Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 A.2.5 Function Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 A.2.6 Redundancy Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 A.2.7 High Voltage Leakage Current Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 A.2.8 Thermal Cycling, Aging, and Baking Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 A.3 Cable Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 A.4 Low Voltage System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 A.4.1 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 A.5 DCU Readout through DAQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 A.6 Preshower Hit Eciency Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Appendix B Publication List 89 Bibliography 91 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.subject | 類向量 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 類向量頂夸克 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 頂夸克加上Ｚ波色子 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | ｔＺ | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 重夸克 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Vector-like top quark | en |
| dc.subject | top plus Z | en |
| dc.subject | heavy quark | en |
| dc.subject | tZ | en |
| dc.subject | Vector-like quark | en |
| dc.title | 在7TeV質心能量的質子對撞機實驗中尋找帶2/3電荷的類向量頂夸克透過頂夸克和Z波色子的事件 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Search for a Vector-like Quark with Charge 2=3 in t + Z Events from pp Collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 100-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
| dc.contributor.coadvisor | 陳凱風 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 李湘楠,王名儒,熊怡,侯維恕,張敬民 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 類向量,類向量頂夸克,頂夸克加上Ｚ波色子,ｔＺ,重夸克, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Vector-like top quark,Vector-like quark,top plus Z,heavy quark,tZ, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 96 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2012-07-16 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 理學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 物理研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 物理學系 | |
文件中的檔案：
| 檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ntu-101-1.pdf 未授權公開取用 | 25.55 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件，除了特別指名其著作權條款之外，均受到著作權保護，並且保留所有的權利。