導電高分子型態控制

Abstract

導電高分子近年來隨著Shirakawa等人的重大發現而有越來越多的研究，本文則聚焦於聚苯胺及PEDOT兩種導電高分子之研究，主要分為三部分： 一、 合成二氧化矽/聚(丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)/聚苯胺核殼型態乳膠顆粒。 二、 混合界面活性劑存在下合成聚苯胺。 三、 In-situ法於混合溶劑中合成PEDOT。 第一部分合成二氧化矽/聚(丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)/聚苯胺核殼型態乳膠顆粒，此部分主要目標在於發展具成膜性與透明性且兼具導電性之奈米混成顆粒，如此可以兼備無機與有機粒子之特性，同時由於核殼型態之設計而可應用在導電方面，是新穎的高分子材料。針對聚苯胺包覆前後顆粒的變化，藉由粒徑分析儀與穿透式電子顯微鏡觀察顆粒之粒徑，也包含分析其熱性質以及乳膠顆粒的導電度等，我們發現隨著DBSA含量增加，可得到較高導電度的核殼型態乳膠顆粒。 第二部份研究於不同的混合界面活性劑之下合成聚苯胺，此部分主要針對顆粒的型態對於導電度的影響，並藉由穿透式電子顯微鏡研究聚苯胺型態之改變，其次分析聚苯胺的FTIR圖譜、UV-Vis圖譜，以及聚苯胺導電度的變化，我們發現當聚苯胺的型態由顆粒轉變成柱狀時，其導電度會大幅度的增高，FTIR以及UV-Vis圖譜中也有明顯的峰值之差異。因此除了合成聚苯胺之外，核殼型態的聚苯胺顆粒亦可藉由此方法來增加導電性，且兼具成膜性與透明性。 第三部分則研究水與甲醇混合溶劑於不同比例下，以快速成膜聚合技術合成成膜性與透明性俱佳的PEDOT，並研究界面活性劑的含量之影響。除了以掃瞄式顯微鏡觀察所得的薄膜之外，同時還分析了PEDOT的熱性質以及UV-Vis圖譜，以及PEDOT薄膜的導電度，我們發現隨著甲醇含量的降低，所得到的PEDOT導電度明顯降低，同時隨著DBSA所提供的摻雜度之不同，也會造成PEDOT導電度之差異性。

Conducting polymer has attracted many scientists since Shirakawa et al. discovered that polyacetylene can reach very high electrical conductivities. In this study, we focused on polyaniline (PANI) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophehe) (PEDOT). It was mainly consisted of three parts: 1. Synthesis of SiO2/P(BA-MMA)/PANI core-shell latex particles. 2. Mixed surfactants induced morphology change of polyaniline 3. In-situ polymerization of PEDOT in water/methanol with different DBSA content. In the first part, SiO2/P(BA-MMA)/PANI core-shell latex particles were synthesized. This part focused on synthesizing inorganic/organic core-shell polymers with high transparency and easy to form films. The synthesized particle was benefit by both inorganic and organic properties, and having conducting properties due to our core-shell morphology. The particle sizes of core-shell particles were investigated by dynamic light scattering and TEM. TGA and DSC analysis of core-shell particles were also performed. With different concentration of DBSA presented during polymerization, it was found that better conductive core-shell particles came from higher DBSA concentration. In the second part, we focused on how morphology influences the conductivity of polyaniline. Polyaniline was synthesized in the presence of a mixture of surfactants of DBSA and SDS in aqueous system. The morphology change of polyaniline was discovered under TEM photographs. The FTIR and UV-Vis spectra were also investigated. It was noted that when the morphology of polyaniline changed from sphere to rod, the conductivity of polyaniline pellet increased significantly. Besides, similar result can be applied on core-shell particles with polyaniline as the shell. The resulting core-shell particles are easy to form films and with high transparency and conductivity. In the third part, PEDOT was synthesized via a fast film-forming method in different water/methanol ratios and with different DBSA concentrations. Highly transparent and conducting films of PEDOT were obtained in this way. The morphologies of PEDOT films were observed using SEM. The UV-Vis spectra of films were also investigated. With the iecrease of methanol/water ratio, the conductivities of PEDOT films increased. Doping levels and conductivities of PEDOT films were affected by the concentration of DBSA as well.