請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件：
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/63823完整後設資料紀錄
| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 許秉寧(Ping-Ning Hsu) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Ying-Chao Hsueh | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 薛穎超 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-16T17:20:05Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2017-09-18 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2012-09-18 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2012 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2012-08-17 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Ahrens, S., Zelenay, S., Sancho, D., Hanc, P., Kjaer, S., Feest, C., Fletcher, G., Durkin, C., Postigo, A., Skehel, M., et al. (2012). F-Actin Is an Evolutionarily Conserved Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern Recognized by DNGR-1, a Receptor for Dead Cells. Immunity 36, 635-645.
Arzberger, S., Hosel, M., and Protzer, U. (2010). Apoptosis of Hepatitis B Virus-Infected Hepatocytes Prevents Release of Infectious Virus. J. Virol. 84, 11994-12001. Bauer, T., Sprinzl, M., and Protzer, U. (2011). Immune Control of Hepatitis B Virus. Dig. Dis. 29, 423-433. Bilzer, M., Roggel, F., and Gerbes, A.L. (2006). Role of Kupffer cells in host defense and liver disease. Liver Int. 26, 1175-1186. Bourne, C.R., Katen, S.P., Fulz, M.R., Packianathan, C., and Zlotnick, A. (2009). A Mutant Hepatitis B Virus Core Protein Mimics Inhibitors of Icosahedral Capsid Self-Assembly. Biochemistry 48, 1736-1742. Calzascia, T., Pellegrini, M., Hall, H., Sabbagh, L., Ono, N., Elford, A.R., Mak, T.W., and Ohashi, P.S. (2007). TNF-alpha is critical for antitumor but not antiviral T cell immunity in mice. J. Clin. Invest. 117, 3833-3845. Chintakuntlawar, A.V., Zhou, X.H., Rajaiya, J., and Chodosh, J. (2010). Viral Capsid Is a Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern in Adenovirus Keratitis. PLoS Pathog. 6. Cooper, A., Tal, G., Lider, O., and Shaul, Y. (2005). Cytokine induction by the hepatitis B virus capsid in macrophages is facilitated by membrane heparan sulfate and involves TLR2. J. Immunol. 175, 3165-3176. Dunn, C., Brunetto, M., Reynolds, G., Christophides, T., Kennedy, P.T., Lampertico, P., Das, A., Lopes, A.R., Borrow, P., Williams, K., et al. (2007). Cytokines induced during chronic hepatitis B virus infection promote a pathway for NK cell-mediated liver damage. J. Exp. Med. 204, 667-680. Dunn, C., Peppa, D., Khanna, P., Nebbia, G., Jones, M., Brendish, N., Lascar, R.M., Brown, D., Gilson, R.J., Tedder, R.J., et al. (2009). Temporal Analysis of Early Immune Responses in Patients With Acute Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Gastroenterology 137, 1289-1300. Ebert, G., Poeck, H., Lucifora, J., Baschuk, N., Esser, K., Esposito, I., Hartmann, G., and Protzer, U. (2011). 5′ Triphosphorylated Small Interfering RNAs Control Replication of Hepatitis B Virus and Induce an Interferon Response in Human Liver Cells and Mice. Gastroenterology 141, 696-706.e693. Figdor, C.G., van Kooyk, Y., and Adema, G.J. (2002). C-type lectin receptors on dendritic cells and Langerhans cells. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2, 77-84. Fisicaro, P., Valdatta, C., Boni, C., Massari, M., Mori, C., Zerbini, A., Orlandini, A., Sacchelli, L., Missale, G., and Ferrari, C. (2009). Early kinetics of innate and adaptive immune responses during hepatitis B virus infection. Gut 58, 974-982. Geijtenbeek, T.B.H., and Gringhuis, S.I. (2009). Signalling through C-type lectin receptors: shaping immune responses. Nat Rev Immunol 9, 465-479. Guidotti, L.G., and Chisari, F.V. (2001). Noncytolytic control of viral infections by the innate and adaptive immune response. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 19, 65-91. Guidotti, L.G., Rochford, R., Chung, J., Shapiro, M., Purcell, R., and Chisari, F.V. (1999). Viral Clearance Without Destruction of Infected Cells During Acute HBV Infection. Science 284, 825-829. Guo, H., Jiang, D., Ma, D.L., Chang, J.H., Dougherty, A.M., Cuconati, A., Block, T.M., and Guo, J.T. (2009). Activation of Pattern Recognition Receptor-Mediated Innate Immunity Inhibits the Replication of Hepatitis B Virus in Human Hepatocyte-Derived Cells. J. Virol. 83, 847-858. Hösel, M., Broxtermann, M., Janicki, H., Esser, K., Arzberger, S., Hartmann, P., Gillen, S., Kleeff, J., Stabenow, D., Odenthal, M., et al. (2012). Toll-like receptor 2–mediated innate immune response in human nonparenchymal liver cells toward adeno-associated viral vectors. Hepatology 55, 287-297. Han, Q.J., Zhang, C., Zhang, J., and Tian, Z.G. (2011). Reversal of Hepatitis B Virus-Induced Immune Tolerance By an Immunostimulatory 3p-HBx-siRNAs in a Retinoic Acid Inducible Gene I-Dependent Manner. Hepatology 54, 1179-1189. Hoofnagle, J.H. (1981). SEROLOGIC MARKERS OF HEPATITIS-B VIRUS-INFECTION. Annu. Rev. Med. 32, 1-11. Hosel, M., Quasdorff, M., Wiegmann, K., Webb, D., Zedler, U., Broxtermann, M., Tedjokusumo, R., Esser, K., Arzberger, S., Kirschning, C.J., et al. (2009). Not Interferon, but Interleukin-6 Controls Early Gene Expression in Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Hepatology 50, 1773-1782. Huang, L.R., Wu, H.L., Chen, P.J., and Chen, D.S. (2006). An immunocompetent mouse model for the tolerance of human chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 103, 17862-17867. Janeway, C.A., and Medzhitov, R. (2002). Innate immune recognition. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 20, 197-216. Jiang, J., and Tang, H. (2010). Mechanism of inhibiting type I interferon induction by hepatitis B virus X protein. Protein Cell 1, 1106-1117. Kasahara, S., Ando, K., Saito, K., Sekikawa, K., Ito, H., Ishikawa, T., Ohnishi, H., Seishima, M., Kakumu, S., and Moriwaki, H. (2003). Lack of tumor necrosis factor alpha induces impaired proliferation of hepatitis B virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. J. Virol. 77, 2469-2476. Kerrigan, A.M., and Brown, G.D. (2011). Syk-coupled C-type lectins in immunity. Trends Immunol. 32, 151-156. Kimura, K., Kakimi, K., Wieland, S., Guidotti, L.G., and Chisari, F.V. (2002a). Activated intrahepatic antigen-presenting cells inhibit hepatitis B virus replication in the liver of transgenic mice. J. Immunol. 169, 5188-5195. Kimura, K., Kakimi, K., Wieland, S., Guidotti, L.G., and Chisari, F.V. (2002b). Interleukin-18 inhibits hepatitis B virus replication in the livers of transgenic mice. J. Virol. 76, 10702-10707. Kumar, M., Jung, S.Y., Hodgson, A.J., Madden, C.R., Qin, J., and Slagle, B.L. (2011). Hepatitis B Virus Regulatory HBx Protein Binds to Adaptor Protein IPS-1 and Inhibits the Activation of Beta Interferon. J. Virol. 85, 987-995. Lee, B.O., Tucker, A., Frelin, L., Sallberg, M., Jones, J., Peters, C., Hughes, J., Whitacre, D., Darsow, B., Peterson, D.L., and Milich, D.R. (2009). Interaction of the Hepatitis B Core Antigen and the Innate Immune System. J. Immunol. 182, 6670-6681. Lewis, D.L., and Wolff, J.A. (2007). Systemic siRNA delivery via hydrodynamic intravascular injection. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 59, 115-123. Li, H., Zheng, H.W., Chen, H., Xing, Z.Z., You, H., Cong, M., and Jia, J.D. (2012a). Hepatitis B virus particles preferably induce Kupffer cells to produce TGF-beta 1 over pro-inflammatory cytokines. Dig. Liver Dis. 44, 328-333. Li, M., Sun, X.H., Zhu, X.J., Jin, S.G., Zengl, Z.J., Zhoul, Z.H., Yul, Z., and Gaol, Y.Q. (2012b). HBcAg induces PD-1 upregulation on CD4(+)T cells through activation of JNK, ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways in chronic hepatitis-B-infected patients. Lab. Invest. 92, 295-304. Li, Z., Yao, H., Ma, Y., Dong, Q.M., Chen, Y.C., Peng, Y., Zheng, B.J., Huang, J.D., Chan, C.Y., Lin, M.C., et al. (2008). Inhibition of HBV gene expression and replication by stably expressed interferon-alpha 1 via adeno-associated viral vectors. J. Gene. Med. 10, 619-627. Lin, Y.J., Huang, L.R., Yang, H.C., Tzeng, H.T., Hsu, P.N., Wu, H.L., Chen, P.J., and Chen, D.S. (2010). Hepatitis B virus core antigen determines viral persistence in a C57BL/6 mouse model. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 107, 9340-9345. Liu, F., Song, Y., and Liu, D. (1999). Hydrodynamics-based transfection in animals by systemic administration of plasmid DNA. Gene therapy 6, 1258-1266. Lucifora, J., Durantel, D., Testoni, B., Hantz, O., Levrero, M., and Zoulim, F. (2010). Control of Hepatitis B Virus Replication by Innate Response of HepaRG Cells. Hepatology 51, 63-72. Murray, J.M., Wieland, S.F., Purcell, R.H., and Chisari, F.V. (2005). Dynamics of hepatitis B virus clearance in chimpanzees. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 102, 17780-17785. Pertel, T., Hausmann, S., Morger, D., Zuger, S., Guerra, J., Lascano, J., Reinhard, C., Santoni, F.A., Uchil, P.D., Chatel, L., et al. (2011). TRIM5 is an innate immune sensor for the retrovirus capsid lattice. Nature 472, 361-365. Protzer, U., Maini, M.K., and Knolle, P.A. (2012). Living in the liver: hepatic infections. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 12, 201-213. Racanelli, V., and Rehermann, B. (2006). The liver as an immunological organ. Hepatology 43, S54-S62. Rehermann, B., and Nascimbeni, M. (2005). Immunology of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 5, 215-229. Riedl, P., Stober, D., Oehninger, C., Melber, K., Reimann, J., and Schirmbeck, R. (2002). Priming Th1 immunity to viral core particles is facilitated by trace amounts of RNA bound to its arginine-rich domain. J. Immunol. 168, 4951-4959. Robek, M.D., Wieland, S.F., and Chisari, F.V. (2002). Inhibition of hepatitis B virus replication by interferon requires proteasome activity. J. Virol. 76, 3570-3574. Rossol, S., Marinos, G., Carucci, P., Singer, M.V., Williams, R., and Naoumov, N.V. (1997). Interleukin-12 induction of Th1 cytokines is important for viral clearance in chronic hepatitis B. J. Clin. Invest. 99, 3025-3033. Sancho, D., Joffre, O.P., Keller, A.M., Rogers, N.C., Martinez, D., Hernanz-Falcon, P., Rosewell, I., and Sousa, C.R.E. (2009). Identification of a dendritic cell receptor that couples sensing of necrosis to immunity. Nature 458, 899-903. Sancho, D., and Sousa, C.R.E. (2012). Signaling by Myeloid C-Type Lectin Receptors in Immunity and Homeostasis. In Annual Review of Immunology, Vol 30, W.E. Paul, ed. (Palo Alto: Annual Reviews), pp. 491-529. Shen, Z.H., Reznikoff, G., Dranoff, G., and Rock, K.L. (1997). Cloned dendritic cells can present exogenous antigens on both MHC class I and class II molecules. J. Immunol. 158, 2723-2730. Shi, M., Qian, S., Chen, W.W., Zhang, H., Zhang, B., Tang, Z.R., Zhang, Z., and Wang, F.S. (2007). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigen-pulsed monocyte-derived dendritic cells from HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma patients significantly enhance specific T cell responses in vitro. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 147, 277-286. Sitia, G., Iannacone, M., Aiolfi, R., Isogawa, M., van Rooijen, N., Scozzesi, C., Bianchi, M.E., von Andrian, U.H., Chisari, F.V., and Guidotti, L.G. (2011). Kupffer Cells Hasten Resolution of Liver Immunopathology in Mouse Models of Viral Hepatitis. PLoS Pathog. 7. Steven, A.C., Conway, J.F., Cheng, N.Q., Watts, N.R., Belnap, D.M., Harris, A., Stahl, S.J., and Wingfield, P.T. (2005). Structure, assembly, and antigenicity of hepatitis B virus capsid proteins. In Virus Structure and Assembly, P. Roy, ed. (San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press Inc), pp. 125-164. Tacke, F., Luedde, T., and Trautwein, C. (2009). Inflammatory pathways in liver homeostasis and liver injury. Clin. Rev. Allergy Immunol. 36, 4-12. Takeuchi, O., and Akira, S. (2010). Pattern Recognition Receptors and Inflammation. Cell 140, 805-820. Tang, T.J., Kwekkeboom, J., Laman, J.D., Niesters, H.G.M., Zondervan, P.E., de Man, R.A., Schalm, S.W., and Janssen, H.L.A. (2003). The role of intrahepatic immune effector cells in inflammatory liver injury and viral control during chronic hepatitis B infection. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 10, 159-167. Taub, R. (2003). Hepatoprotection via the IL-6/Stat3 pathway. J. Clin. Invest. 112, 978-980. Tavakoli, S., Schwerin, W., Rohwer, A., Hoffmann, S., Weyer, S., Weth, R., Meisel, H., Diepolder, H., Geissler, M., Galle, P.R., et al. (2004). Phenotype and function of monocyte derived dendritic cells in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. J. Gen. Virol. 85, 2829-2836. Thomson, A.W., and Knolle, P.A. (2010). Antigen-presenting cell function in the tolerogenic liver environment. Nat Rev Immunol 10, 753-766. Tian, Y.J., Chen, W.L., and Ou, J.H.J. (2011). Effects of Interferon-alpha/beta on HBV Replication Determined by Viral Load. PLoS Pathog. 7. Tiegs, G., and Lohse, A.W. (2010). Immune tolerance: What is unique about the liver. J. Autoimmun. 34, 1-6. Trobonjaca, Z., Leithauser, F., Moller, P., Schirmbeck, R., and Reimann, J. (2001). Activating immunity in the liver. I. Liver dendritic cells (but not hepatocytes) are potent activators of IFN-gamma release by liver NKT cells. J. Immunol. 167, 1413-1422. Untergasser, A., Zedler, U., Langenkamp, A., Hosel, M., Quasdorff, M., Esser, K., Dienes, H.P., Tappertzhofen, B., Kolanus, W., and Protzer, U. (2006). Dendritic cells take up viral antigens but do not support the early steps of hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatology 43, 539-547. Vanlandschoot, P., Van Houtte, F., Serruys, B., and Leroux-Roels, G. (2005). The arginine-rich carboxy-terminal domain of the hepatitis B virus core protein mediates attachment of nucleocapsids to cell-surface-expressed heparan sulfate. J. Gen. Virol. 86, 75-84. Wang, F.S., Xing, L.H., Liu, M.X., Zhu, C.L., Liu, H.G., Wang, H.F., and Lei, Z.Y. (2001). Dysfunction of peripheral blood dendritic cells from patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. World J. Gastroenterol. 7, 537-541. Wang, H., and Ryu, W.S. (2010). Hepatitis B Virus Polymerase Blocks Pattern Recognition Receptor Signaling via Interaction with DDX3: Implications for Immune Evasion. PLoS Pathog. 6. Wieland, S., Thimme, R., Purcell, R.H., and Chisari, F.V. (2004). Genomic analysis of the host response to hepatitis B virus infection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 101, 6669-6674. Wieland, S.F., and Chisari, F.V. (2005). Stealth and cunning: Hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses. J. Virol. 79, 9369-9380. Wieland, S.F., Guidotti, L.G., and Chisari, F.V. (2000). Intrahepatic induction of alpha/beta interferon eliminates viral RNA-containing capsids in hepatitis B virus transgenic mice. J. Virol. 74, 4165-4173. Woltman, A.M., Boonstra, A., and Janssen, H.L.A. (2010). Dendritic cells in chronic viral hepatitis B and C: victims or guardian angels? Gut 59, 115-125. Woltman, A.M., den Brouw, M.L.O., Biesta, P.J., Shi, C.C., and Janssen, H.L.A. (2011). Hepatitis B Virus Lacks Immune Activating Capacity, but Actively Inhibits Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Function. PLoS One 6. Wu, J., Lu, M.J., Meng, Z.J., Trippler, M., Broering, R., Szczeponek, A., Krux, F., Dittmer, U., Roggendorf, M., Gerken, G., and Schlaak, J.F. (2007). Toll-like receptor-mediated control of HBV replication by nonparenchymal liver cells in mice. Hepatology 46, 1769-1778. Wu, J.F., Wu, T.C., Chen, C.H., Ni, Y.H., Chen, H.L., Hsu, H.Y., and Chang, M.H. (2010). Serum Levels of Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-12 Predict Early, Spontaneous Hepatitis B Virus e Antigen Seroconversion. Gastroenterology 138, 165-172. Yang, P.L., Althage, A., Chung, J., Maier, H., Wieland, S., Isogawa, M., and Chisari, F.V. (2010). Immune effectors required for hepatitis B virus clearance. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 107, 798-802. Yu, S.Y., Chen, J.L., Wu, M., Chen, H., Kato, N., and Yuan, Z.H. (2010). Hepatitis B virus polymerase inhibits RIG-I- and Toll-like receptor 3-mediated beta interferon induction in human hepatocytes through interference with interferon regulatory factor 3 activation and dampening of the interaction between TBK1/IKK epsilon and DDX3. J. Gen. Virol. 91, 2080-2090. Zelensky, A.N., and Gready, J.E. (2005). The C-type lectin-like domain superfamily. Febs J. 272, 6179-6217. Zhang, J.G., Czabotar, P.E., Policheni, A.N., Caminschi, I., Wan, S.S., Kitsoulis, S., Tullett, K.M., Robin, A.Y., Brammananth, R., van Delft, M.F., et al. (2012). The Dendritic Cell Receptor Clec9A Binds Damaged Cells via Exposed Actin Filaments. Immunity 36, 646-657. Zhang, Z., Zhang, S.Y., Zou, Z.S., Shi, J.F., Zhao, J.J., Fan, R., Qin, E.Q., Li, B.S., Li, Z.W., Xu, X.S., et al. (2011). Hypercytolytic Activity of Hepatic Natural Killer Cells Correlates With Liver Injury in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients. Hepatology 53, 73-85. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/63823 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | Chronic hepatitis B infection (HBV) is closely correlated to elevated risks of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the underlying mechanisms leading to viral persistency are not fully understood. Among the viral factors, HBV core protein has been identified being critical for HBV persistence. On the other hand, type I interferons and TNF-α are host factors required for HBV clearance. Hence, we hypothesize that the HBV mutants might evade essential innate immune responses which lead to its persistence in human host. Using reporter assay in the hydrodynamic injection mouse model, we found that WT HBV could induce higher IFN-β promoter activity than persistent HBc mutants. The Kupffer cells also expressed more pro-inflammatory cytokine genes in response to WT HBV. As the HBV mutants harboring structural changes in the HBV core region might lead to variable outcomes of innate immune response, we then characterized the stimulatory effect of recombinant HBc in vitro with macrophage and dendritic cell line. HBc could stimulate DC to secrete TNF-α through a calcium-dependent and Syk-dependent manner in which the HBc capsid structure was also required. Furthermore, the role of Kupffer cells in viral clearance was assayed by clodronate-liposome treatment to deplete Kupffer cells in mice treated with HBV hydrodynamic injection; however, HBV was still cleared in the absence of Kupffer cells. Our study indicated that HBc had a stimulatory effect on antigen-presenting cells which leaded to the induction of innate immunity. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-16T17:20:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-101-R98449014-1.pdf: 1829912 bytes, checksum: 3399e5bf9cc9600d0a1eac26a00d6357 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 誌謝 i
Abstract ii 中文摘要 iii List of Figures vi Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 background 1 1.1.1 Innate immunity in HBV 1 1.1.2 Role of HBV core protein 2 1.1.3 Tolerogenic liver environment 3 1.1.4 Innate immune responses of Kupffer cells and other antigen presenting cells against HBV 4 1.2 Rationale 6 1.3 Specific aims 7 Chapter 2 Material and methods 8 2.1 Materials 8 2.1.1 Antibodies 8 2.1.2 Reagents 9 2.1.3 Medium and Buffers 10 2.2 Methods 11 Chapter 3 Results 18 3.1 HBV DNA induces IFN-β promoter activation 18 3.2 HBV DNA up-regulates interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) expression 19 3.3 Kupffer cells up-regulate pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression in response to HBV 19 3.4 Recombinant HBc protein stimulates dendritic cells to secrete TNF-α in vitro 20 3.5 The HBc capsid structure is required for stimulating dendritic cells 22 3.6 Recombinant HBc protein induces IL-6 mRNA expression in macrophages 22 3.7 The HBV persistent rate did not change significantly in Kupffer cells-depleted BALB/c mice by clodronate-liposome treatment 23 Chapter 4 Discussion 25 4.1 WT HBV induces type I interferon response 25 4.2 The role of Kupffer cells in HBV viral clearance 26 4.3 HBc capsid activates dendritic cells to secrete TNF-α in vitro 31 Chapter 5 Conclusions and working hypothesis 38 5.1 Conclusions 38 5.2 Working hypothesis 39 Figures 40 Reference 53 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.subject | 腫瘤壞死因子-α | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 先天性免疫 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 核心蛋白 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | B型肝炎病毒 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 庫氏細胞 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 脾臟酪胺酸激酶 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Kupffer cell | en |
| dc.subject | HBc | en |
| dc.subject | innate immunity | en |
| dc.subject | TNF-α | en |
| dc.subject | Syk | en |
| dc.subject | hepatitis B virus | en |
| dc.title | 在小鼠動物模式中探討B型肝炎病毒核心蛋白所引發的先天性免疫反應 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Induction of innate immunity by HBV core protein in mouse animal model | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 100-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 陳培哲(Pei-Jer Chen),謝世良(Shie-Liang Hsieh),陳俊任(Chun-Jen Chen),朱清良(Ching-Liang Chu) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | B型肝炎病毒,核心蛋白,先天性免疫,腫瘤壞死因子-α,脾臟酪胺酸激酶,庫氏細胞, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | hepatitis B virus,HBc,innate immunity,TNF-α,Syk,Kupffer cell, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 63 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2012-08-17 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 醫學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 免疫學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 免疫學研究所 | |
文件中的檔案：
| 檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ntu-101-1.pdf 未授權公開取用 | 1.79 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件，除了特別指名其著作權條款之外，均受到著作權保護，並且保留所有的權利。