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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 林璧鳳(Bi-Fong Lin) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Yung-Han Hsu | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 許永瀚 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-16T17:14:37Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2017-08-27 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2012-08-27 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2012 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2012-08-20 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/63600 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 在亞洲地區，山苦瓜為傳統用來治療糖尿病的藥用植物。有研究指出山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物含有PPARα/γ ligand活性物質，並具有抗發炎的功效。另外，奇異果是富含抗氧化物質的水果，有些特定品種奇異果在東方國家被用作治療類風濕性關節炎、腦中風等疾病，然而市售常見的紐西蘭綠色奇異果對免疫調節的影響，鮮少被探討。過敏性氣喘為慢性呼吸道發炎疾病，屬於最常見的第一型過度免疫反應(Type I hypersensitivity)，伴隨著嗜伊紅性白血球浸潤於肺部、血液中IgE濃度升高、Th1/Th2免疫平衡失調並且呼吸道過度反應，為目前世界上最普遍的過敏疾病。故本研究探討經由攝食山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物與奇異果能否改善過敏氣喘小鼠體內過敏反應與呼吸道發炎現象。首先以in vitro細胞培養探討花蓮四號山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物(BGP-EA)和紐西蘭綠色奇異果乙酸乙酯萃物(kiwi-EA)，對巨噬細胞株RAW264.7、小鼠初代細胞分泌細胞激素的影響。結果顯示，BGP-EA顯著降低LPS活化RAW264.7的TNF-α與IL-6的分泌量，也能顯著的抑制初代腹腔細胞TNF-α和IL-6分泌、樹突細胞分泌IL-12和TNF-α以及初代脾臟細胞分泌IFN-γ。Kiwi-EA則是能顯著減少小鼠初代腹腔細胞分泌TNF-α與IL-6，和初代脾臟細胞分泌IFN-γ因此由體外實驗顯示BGP-EA和kiwi-EA具有抗發炎及免疫調節的功效，進一步探討對過敏性氣喘小鼠的免疫調節，方法為BALB/c小鼠8週齡時以卵蛋白(ovalbumin, OVA)加佐劑氫氧化鋁，隔週腹腔致敏以誘發過敏免疫傾向。三次致敏之後，將小鼠分為八組，分別為OVA-oil控制組、飼料含5%山苦瓜凍乾粉的OVA-BGP組、每天管餵BGP-EA的低劑量OVA-L組(0.15 mg/day)、中劑量OVA-M組(0.6 mg/day)和高劑量OVA-H組(2.4 mg/day)、飼料含20%奇異果凍乾粉的OVA-kiwi組和固醇類predisolone的藥物正對照組OVA-Pred組，另有一組為未致敏的負對照組PBS-oil組。餵食為期5週後，抽血測OVA-IgE抗體以methacholine刺激呼吸道，測定呼吸道過度反應時的呼吸阻力。氣喘小鼠於21週齡時犧牲，採取血液、肺氣管沖洗液、分離脾臟細胞、取肺組織抽取mRNA分析基因表現。結果顯示，OVA-L組與OVA-H組在Mch 50 mg/mL濃度下，Penh值顯著低於OVA-oil組。另外，與OVA-oil控制組相比，管餵BGP-EA的小鼠低、中、高劑量，都顯著減少肺氣管沖洗液中的嗜伊紅性白血球的數目，增加肺組織中的PPAR-γ mRNA表現、顯著降低IL-12p35表現和增加COX2基因表現，並且降低血清總IgE濃度，其中氣喘小鼠OVA-H組血清OVA特異性IgE觀察到顯著下降。小鼠脾臟細胞方面，在ConA刺激下，OVA-L組與OVA-M組IL-4分泌顯著降低，低、中、高劑量組IL-13分泌量都顯著下降。另外，OVA-H組的IFN-γ分泌顯著較低，而OVA-L組小鼠的IL-17分泌顯著下降。特異性OVA刺激之下，IL-2在OVA-L和OVA-M組有下降的趨勢，而IL-4分泌量在低、中、高劑量組都顯著下降，OVA-M組和OVA-H組則顯著減少IL-13分泌。OVA-kiwi組則是肺嗜伊紅性白血球數目顯著降低，肺組織PPAR-α、IL-12p35、iNOS、TSLP表現較低，而血清總IgE含量也下降。脾臟細胞在ConA刺激下，OVA-kiwi組小鼠的IFN-γ、IL-17、IL-4、IL-13分泌量都顯著下降。OVA特異性刺激下，餵食奇異果小鼠顯著抑制IL-4與IL-13分泌，且IL-10分泌量顯著增加。因此，從OVA致敏氣喘模式小鼠顯示，山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物可減緩全身Th2免疫反應，降低氣喘發炎情形。而攝取紐西蘭奇異果可以活化脾臟細胞，增加調節型T細胞分泌IL-10的能力，調節身體過度免疫反應。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Backbround:Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) is common vegetable in Asia that has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of Diabetes. It is reported that the ethyl acetate (EA) extract of bitter gourd activated peroxisome proliferator receptors (PPARs) α and γ and shown anti-inflammatory effect. Additionally, kiwi fruits are one of the foods found to have abundant anti-oxidant substance. In some oriental coutries, there are some species of kiwi fruit used in traditional medicine to treat rheumatic arthritis and stroke. Just only few reports on immune-modulating activities of common commercially available breed of kiwi, Zespri green kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa) have been published. Asthma is a common disease of type I hypersensitivity characterized by chronic allergic airway inflammation with eosinophils infiltration in lung, elevated IgE contents in serum, Th1/Th2 imbalance, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Allergic asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic airway inflammatory diseases in the world. Objective: In this study, we examined the effects of BGP-EA and kiwi fruit on the development of pulmonary inflammation in murine model of asthma. Results: First, the effect of ethyl acetate extract of bitter gourd (BGP-EA) and kiwi fruit (kiwi-EA) on cytokine secretion by RAW264.7 cell, primary peritoneal cells or splenocytes from BALB/c mice was investigated. The results showed that BGP-EA significantly inhibited TNF-α and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7. Furthemore, BGP-EA and kiwi-EA significantly reduced TNF-α and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion in LPS-stimulated primary peritoneal cells. Treatment with BGP-EA and kiwi-EA inhibited IFN-γ secretion in ConA-stimulated splenocytes. Therefore, bitter gourd and kiwi fruit may have anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effect. Subsequently, we investigated effect of bitter gourd and kiwi on airway inflammation and immune response by ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic murine model. After three times OVA sensitized intraperitoneally, eight-week-old BALB/c mice were separated eight groups including of OVA-oil, OVA-BGP (5% BGP), OVA-L (0.15 mg/day BGP-EA), OVA-M (0.6 mg/day BGP-EA), OVA-H (2.4 mg/day BGP-EA), OVA-kiwi (20% kiwi powder), OVA-Pred and PBS-oil group. Feeding five weeks later, OVA-L and OVA-H significantly suppressed the AHR. Compared to the OVA-oil group, three groups with BGP-EA feeding had significantly lower eosinophil infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). On pulmonary mRNA expression, oral administration of BGP-EA significantly downregulate PPAR-γ and IL-12p35 mRNA and induce COX-2 mRNA. By the way, BGP-EA can lower total IgE level in serum, including of decreased OVA-IgE in OVA-H group serum. The BGP-EA feeding groups also had lower OVA-specific IL-4 and IL-13 secretion from OVA- or ConA-stimulated splenocytes. The OVA-kiwi group had profound inhibitory effects on the accumulation of eosinophils into airways. Taking a view to lung mRNA expression, OVA-kiwi had a lower PPAR-α, IL12p35, iNOS, TSLP level. In addition, OVA-kiwi also had lower total IgE level in serum. On T cell secreting cytokine, OVA-kiwi significantly lower OVA-specific IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-13 production and increasing IL-10 secretion instead. Conclusion: BGP-EA has an inhibitory effect on airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness and plays a crucial role as an immunomodulator which possess anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic proterty by modulating the relationship between Th1/Th2 balance. On the other side, kiwi fruit can enhance the expression of Tregs in spleen toward allergen and inhibit over-activated immune responses. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-16T17:14:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-101-R99b22051-1.pdf: 3212112 bytes, checksum: e71e7459c6f705c693f1753a7e854949 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
摘要 I Abstract III 目錄 V 表目錄 X 圖目錄 XII 第一章、 序論 1 第一節 文獻回顧 1 一、 過敏性氣喘 1 (一) 簡介與定義 1 (二) 過敏性氣喘發病機制 2 (三) 樹突細胞與過敏性氣喘 5 (四) 上皮細胞與過敏性氣喘 7 (五) T輔助型細胞與過敏性氣喘 9 (六) 臨床治療 10 二、 PPAR 11 (一) PPAR種類及分佈 11 (二) PPAR活化劑與ligands 12 (三) PPAR與發炎反應之相關研究 13 三、 苦瓜 19 (一) 苦瓜之介紹 19 (二) 山苦瓜相關研究 19 四、 奇異果 20 (一) 奇異果之介紹 20 (二) 奇異果之相關研究 21 第二節 研究動機與架構 24 一、研究動機 24 二、研究架構 25 第二章、 以體外模式評估山苦瓜和奇異果對發炎與免疫反應的影響 26 第一節 前言 26 第二節 材料與方法 27 一、 山苦瓜萃取物製備 27 二、 奇異果萃取物製備 27 三、 RAW 264.7 小鼠巨噬細胞株 27 四、 腹腔細胞的取得與培養 28 五、 脾臟細胞的取得與培養 29 六、 樹突細胞的取得與培養 30 七、 細胞激素含量測定 31 八、 MTT染色法測定細胞存活率 33 九、 統計方法 33 第三節 結果 34 一、 山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物對RAW 264.7小鼠巨噬細胞株的影響 34 二、 山苦瓜與奇異果的乙酸乙酯萃物對初代腹腔細胞的影響 34 三、 山苦瓜與奇異果的乙酸乙酯萃物對初代脾臟細胞的影響 35 四、 山苦瓜與奇異果的乙酸乙酯萃物對骨髓細胞衍生之樹突細胞的影響 35 第四節 討論 40 一、 山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物對免疫調節的影響 40 二、 奇異果乙酸乙酯萃物對免疫調節的影響 41 三、 劑量換算 43 第三章、 山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物與奇異果對氣喘模式小鼠發炎與過敏反應的影響 44 第一節 前言 44 第二節 材料與方法 45 I. 樣品配製 45 II. 動物實驗設計 45 一、 動物飼養 45 二、 致敏方式 46 三、 實驗流程及分組 47 四、 呼吸道過度反應（AHR）測定 48 III. 動物犧牲及實驗材料收集與分析 49 一、 血液 49 (一) 血清特異性抗體IgE、IgG1、IgG2a測定 49 (二) 血清總IgE、IgG1、IgG2a抗體測定 50 二、 肺氣管沖洗液（Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, BALF） 51 (一) 肺氣管沖洗液細胞激素與化學趨化激素測定 51 (二) 肺氣管沖洗液中免疫細胞計數 52 三、 肺組織與周邊淋巴細胞分離 52 (一) Real-time PCR 法分析肺組織相關基因 52 (二) 肺周邊淋巴結細胞 54 四、 脾臟細胞之取得與培養 55 (一) 脾臟細胞增生測定 55 (二) 脾臟細胞分泌細胞激素能力 56 五、 腹腔細胞之取得與培養 56 六、 腸繫膜淋巴結、皮耶氏體細胞、肺週邊淋巴結細胞表面標記與Foxp3轉錄因子分析 56 七、 細胞激素含量測定 58 八、 統計方法 60 IV. 結果 61 一、 生長情形與攝食狀況 61 二、 器官重量與相對重量 61 三、 呼吸道過度反應 (AHR) 61 四、 肺氣管沖洗液 (BALF) 中各項指標變化 62 五、 肺組織mRNA基因表現 62 六、 脾臟細胞的細胞激素分泌量與增生能力 63 七、 血清中OVA特異性IgE、IgG1與IgG2a抗體含量 64 八、 腹腔細胞細胞激素分泌量 65 九、 調節性T細胞之表現 65 第四節 討論 81 一、 餵食山苦瓜或山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物對氣喘模式小鼠呼吸道發炎之影響 81 二、 餵食山苦瓜或山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物對過敏性小鼠全身性免疫反應的影響 83 三、 餵食山苦瓜或山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物能降低氣喘模式小鼠血清中特異性抗體的含量 84 四、 餵食山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物對肺組織基因表現之影響 85 五、 餵食山苦瓜或山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物對氣喘小鼠全身性發炎反應的影響 86 六、 餵食山苦瓜對氣喘小鼠的腸道免疫調節 86 七、 餵食綠色奇異果對氣喘模式小鼠的免疫調節 87 (一) 餵食綠色奇異果對呼吸道發炎之影響 87 (二) 餵食綠色奇異果對全身性免疫反應的影響 87 (三) 餵食綠色奇異果對肺組織基因表現之影響 88 第四章、 綜合討論與總結 90 第一節 綜合討論 90 一、細胞模式與氣喘小鼠模式之比較 90 (一) 山苦瓜與山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物 90 (二) 綠色奇異果 91 二、 本實驗結果與實驗室過去用山苦瓜介入氣喘小鼠研究相比較 92 (一) 樣品製備 92 (二) 細胞實驗 92 (三) 動物實驗 93 三、 Actinidia deliciosa餵食致敏小鼠與其他文獻比較 94 (一) 呼吸道發炎 94 (二) 全身性免疫反應 94 四、 動物到人體劑量轉換 95 第二節 總結 99 附錄 核磁共振光譜圖分析 100 參考文獻 101 表目錄 表1.1 PPARs合成與天然之ligands 13 表1.2a 整理過去利用PPAR-a ligand調節免疫反應的文獻 15 表1.2b 整理過去利用PPAR-b ligand調節免疫反應的文獻 16 表1.2c 整理過去利用PPAR-g ligand調節免疫反應的文獻 16 表1.3a PPAR-a ligand 在氣喘模式小鼠的應用 18 表1.3b PPAR-g ligand 在氣喘模式小鼠的應用 18 表1.4 奇異果對免疫調節的文獻統整 23 表2.1山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物、奇異果乙酸乙酯萃物對發炎與免疫反應的影響 43 表2.2由細胞模式推算小鼠的餵食劑量 43 表3.1a 飼料配方 47 表3.1b 各組管餵內容物與飼料 48 表3.2 餵食山苦瓜、山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物與奇異果對OVA致敏小鼠生長情形與攝食的影響 66 表3.3 餵食BGP、BGP-EA與Kiwi對OVA致敏小鼠組織器官重量與相對組織器官重量的影響 67 表3.4 餵食 71 表3.5 餵食山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物或奇異果對OVA致敏小鼠脾臟細胞在OVA刺激下Th1與Th2細胞激素的影響 74 表3.6 餵食山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物或奇異果對OVA致敏小鼠脾臟細胞在OVA刺激下Treg細胞激素的影響 75 表3.7 餵食山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物或奇異果對OVA致敏小鼠脾臟細胞在ConA刺激下細胞激素的影響 76 表3.8 餵食山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物或奇異果對OVA致敏小鼠腹腔細胞在LPS刺激下分泌細胞激素的影響 78 表3.9 餵食山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物或奇異果對OVA致敏小鼠肺部週邊淋巴結細胞在ConA刺激下Th1與Th2細胞激素的影響 79 表4.1山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物、奇異果乙酸乙酯萃物對發炎與免疫反應的影響 98 表4.2 餵食BGP、H4-EA與奇異果對氣喘模式小鼠過敏免疫反應的影響 98 圖目錄 圖2.1 山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物對RAW264.7細胞株存活率與細胞激素的影響 36 圖2.2 山苦瓜與奇異果的乙酸乙酯萃物對初代腹腔細胞存活率與細胞激素的影響 37 圖2.3 山苦瓜與奇異果的乙酸乙酯萃物對初代脾臟細胞存活率與細胞激素的影響 38 圖2.4 山苦瓜與奇異果的乙酸乙酯萃物對樹突細胞存活率與細胞激素的影響 39 圖3.1 氣喘模式小鼠致敏與餵食飼養流程 47 圖3.2 餵食山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物或奇異果對OVA致敏小鼠血清中OVA特異性抗體含量的影響 68 圖3.3 餵食山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物或奇異果對OVA致敏小鼠血清中總抗體含量的影響 69 圖 3.4 餵食山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物或奇異果對致敏小鼠呼吸道過度反應的影響 70 圖3.5 餵食山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物或奇異果對OVA致敏小鼠BALF中各種類細胞數目的影響 72 圖3.6 餵食山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物或奇異果對OVA致敏小鼠肺部mRNA表現量的影響 73 圖3.7 餵食山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物或奇異果對OVA致敏小鼠脾臟細胞增生能力的影響 77 圖3.8 餵食山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物或奇異果對OVA致敏小鼠腸繫膜淋巴結、肺週邊淋巴結及皮耶氏體Foxp3+調節型T細胞比例的影響 80 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 氣喘 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 紐西蘭綠色奇異果 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | IgE | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 呼吸道過度反應 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | ethyl acetate extract of bitter gourd | en |
| dc.subject | Zespri green kiwi fruit | en |
| dc.subject | IgE | en |
| dc.subject | airway hyperresponsiveness | en |
| dc.subject | asthma | en |
| dc.title | 山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物與奇異果對氣喘模式小鼠發炎與過敏免疫反應的影響 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Effect of ethyl acetate extract of bitter gourd and kiwifruits on airway inflammation and immune responses in murine allergic asthma mode | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 100-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 黃青真(Ching-Jang Huang),江伯倫(Bor-Luen Chia),吳文勉(Wen-Mein Wu),陳妙齡(Miaw-Ling Chen) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 氣喘,山苦瓜乙酸乙酯萃物,紐西蘭綠色奇異果,IgE,呼吸道過度反應, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | asthma,ethyl acetate extract of bitter gourd,Zespri green kiwi fruit,IgE,airway hyperresponsiveness, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 116 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2012-08-20 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生命科學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 生化科技學系 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 生化科技學系 | |
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