地點意義對景觀設施色彩適合度之影響探討

Abstract

人為設施物於環境中的適合度一直是景觀設計與環境管理規劃等相關研究的重要議題。近年關於設施物於特定環境中適合度評估的研究，以設施物的色彩、材質或建築屬性用以量測與背景環境之適合程度，所談及的適合度僅多屬於視覺上的協調感受，然而環境刺激的知覺過程除了視覺層面的感受，還包含整體環境所隱含之意義層面的認知。許多文獻已證實景觀偏好會受到不同的環境資訊和意義所影響，而人為設施物的用途或功能，也被認為是影響環境相容性感知的因子之一。過去針對環境適合度之研究多未進一步討論實質環境中隱含的意義對受測者造成的其他知覺影響。因此，本研究主要目的為藉由給予色彩涼亭照片不同的地點標籤，探討景觀設施於自然環境背景中的適用色彩，是否受到地點意義的影響而改變色彩適合程度的評估，並以環境脈絡相容性的角度，重新檢驗過去景觀色彩研究中所建議之適合色彩。 本研究分為三個階段進行，第一階段調查不同戶外遊憩地點在語意上的差異，第二階段調查不同戶外遊憩地點的色彩聯想與設施物適合色彩，第三階段探討地點標籤對涼亭色彩適合度的影響。主要研究結果顯示在相同背景之14種涼亭配色中，有三種涼亭配色在不同地點標籤處理下其適合度評估有顯著差異。褐屋頂白柱子的適合度在古蹟遺址或國家公園的標籤下最高，在主題樂園的標籤下最低；黃屋頂白柱子的適合度在主題樂園的標籤下最高，標籤為國家公園時最低；黃屋頂黃柱子的適合度在主題樂園的標籤下最高，在標籤為古蹟遺址或無標籤時最低。本研究結果可作為未來環境規劃及景觀設計之參考。

Recent Studies on specific environmental fittingness of landscape facilities had emphasized on the congruence of facilities’ color, texture, or architectural attributes with their surroundings. These studies stressed on the visual perception of the physical environment, however, perceptive processes from environmental stimulus also encompass other senses and cognitions. Environmental psychologists had pointed out that preferences of landscape could be varied by denotative and connotative meanings evoked from places. Furthermore, function of man-made objects has been suggested to be a factor attributes to the sense of contextual fittingness. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is to figure out whether the evaluations of color fittingness of gazebo would vary among different place meanings. There first step of this study investigated semantic differential on recreational places, second step investigated associational colors and suitable colors of landscape facilities of recreational places, the third step examined the effects of gazebo color fittingness by place labels. The main results of this study indicated that the gazebo with brown roof and white pillar was the most fittingness one when it labeled as historical site or national park, the least fittingness in theme park label. The gazebo with yellow roof and white pillar was considered the most fittingness when it labeled as theme park, and the least fittingness when it labeled as national park. The yellow roof and yellow pillar was considered the most fittingness when it labeled as theme park, and the least fittingness when it labeled as historical site or without label. The present study suggests and supplies an appropriate planning policy of environmental design.