技術購買與自主研發關係之研究：以台灣高科技廠商為例

Abstract

本研究主要探討廠商技術購買與自主研發之間的關係。技術的購買會降低廠商自主研發的誘因，因此兩者有替代關係存在；然而，從另一角度來看，自主研發有助於廠商吸收新技術的能力，因此兩者亦可能有互補關係存在。我們以2000-2010年台灣上市上櫃的773家高科技廠商為研究對象，採用Bivariate模型，分別對整個電子工業、以及其中的半導體、電腦及週邊、光電與通信網路四個子產業分析；另外，也針對半導體產業鏈的上中下游討論。本實證研究的主要發現為：1.半導體與光電業在技術購買與自主研發關係上為互補，且半導體的互補性小於光電業。2. 半導體上游在兩者關係上為互補，中下游為替代，且半導體上游互補性高於光電業。

This study examines the relationship between technology import and internal R&D in Taiwan’s high-tech industry. The relationship is substitute implying that the greater dependence of a firm on technology import activities, the lower its internal R&D. On the other hand, the complementary relationship implies that firm’s own R&D improves its absorptive capability. We test this relationship by estimating the bivariate model in Taiwan’s entire electron industry between 2000 and 2010, and its four sub industries: semiconductors, computer and peripheral equipment, optoelectronics, communications and internet. We then further analyze this relationship in the industry chain of Taiwan’s semiconductors industry. Major empirical findings were observed in this study: first, there are complementary relationships in semiconductors and optoelectronics industry. Besides, the complementarities of semiconductors are lower than that of optoelectronics. Second, while the midstream and downstream of Taiwan’s semiconductors are substitutive, the upstream is high complementary.