能源技術服務產業於離島民宿之節能績效研究與商業模式探討

Abstract

能源價格飆升及地球暖化為現今國際高度重視的議題，節能減碳以保護地球環境更成為全球各國共同努力的目標，為因應各國所推動的節能減碳政策，近年來有能源技術服務產業與能源技術服務公司(Energy Services Company, ESCO)的出現，旨在協助能源用戶與電力公司推動節能改善工程。能源技術服務產業能否推動成功在於政府是否積極涉及或參與，我國政府應可參考他國成功因素，考慮由臺灣電力公司帶頭推動能源服務產業，使有興趣之能源用戶及能源技術服務公司能積極投入發展此項新事業。該公司在台灣離島地區所提供的電力成本較本島高出許多，但電費計價收費標準卻與本島相同，對公司明顯不利。臺灣電力公司實可考量從離島地區占最大耗電比例之住宅與民宿產業著手，協助推動能源技術服務產業。據此，本研究導入ESCO商業模式，根據國際節能績效量測與驗證規範(International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol, IPMVP)，以離島民宿的照明系統、空調系統與熱水系統為例，評估能源技術服務公司、電力公司在節能效益分享型 (Shared Savings Contract) 與節能量保證型 (Guaranteed Savings Contract)兩種商業模式之回收年限(Payback Period, PP)與投資報酬率(Return on Investment, ROI)，探討雙方所適合投入的節能商業模式。研究結果顯示就能源技術服務公司而言，投資節能效益分享型能有較佳利益；而站在電力公司的角度，節能量保證型能使其享有較大利潤；但無論選擇何種商業模式，都能達到環境保護與經濟利益的雙贏局面。因此本研究建議，雙方可透過協商來達到共同利益最大化。

The energy service industry, in particular, the operation of an energy service company is introduced and demonstrated in this thesis. The purpose is to investigate the feasibility of an energy-saving program proposed to the power generation company by an energy service company. To be more clearly, the power generation company is addressed to Taiwan Power Company and the place to be practiced is Green Island which is a remote small island of Taiwan where Taiwan Power Company provides electricity at a discount rate. The energy-saving program is practiced following the International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP). The evaluation is based on both payback period and return on investment following business models of “Shared Savings Contract” and “Guaranteed Savings Contract,” respectively. Benefits to both Taiwan Power Company and the energy service company are examined in particular. The result indicates the energy service company could receive more profit if a Shared Savings Contract is selected, but Taiwan Power Company could receive more if a Guaranteed Saving Contract is selected. With regard to environmental protection and economic interests, no matter which business model is selected, both companies can achieve win-win victories. Therefore, it is suggested that both companies negotiate furthermore to maximize their common interests and benefit the society.