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請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件: http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/61973
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dc.contributor.advisor李財坤(Tsai-Kun Li)
dc.contributor.authorYun-Fei Linen
dc.contributor.author林允飛zh_TW
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-16T13:21:13Z-
dc.date.available2018-09-24
dc.date.copyright2013-09-24
dc.date.issued2013
dc.date.submitted2013-07-25
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dc.identifier.urihttp://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/61973-
dc.description.abstract在人體中,拓樸異構酶(topoisomerase I/II/III, TOP1/2/3)在解決細胞進行複製、轉錄等過程時所伴隨產生之結構性立體空間障礙扮演了重要的角色,拓樸酶催化的反應主要要有三個步驟:和DNA結合,造成可逆的單股(TOP1/3)或雙股(TOP2)斷裂,再接回斷裂的DNA,完成反應循環。透過改變DNA的正負螺旋數目,拓樸異構酶可以幫助細胞進行與完成正常的生理功能。另外,其中TOP1及TOP2是許多抗癌藥物的標的物,這些藥物統稱為拓樸異構酶活性抑制劑(catalytic inhibitors);其中有部分化合物能造成拓墣異構酶可切割復合物(topoisomerase cleavable complex, TOPcc)而產生DNA斷裂,又特別稱為抗拓樸酶毒素(poisons)。奈酚(naphthoquinone, NQ)是一種普遍存在於植物、防腐劑、空氣汙染物當中的化學物質,有許多研究指出奈酚在細胞內具有兩種機制可以影響胞內蛋白:透過和蛋白質上的特定胺基酸形成共價鍵結或是藉由形成自由基而造成氧化壓力進而影響胞內蛋白。我們的研究發現1,2-奈酚(1,2-NQ)以及1,4-奈酚(1,4-NQ)在細胞內可以造成明顯的DNA傷害, 而這個傷害包含了活性含氧物種(reactive oxygen species, ROS)以及第二型拓樸酶β型(TOP2β)的參予。而在試管內以及細胞內我們也發現1,2奈酚及1,4-奈酚可以抑制第二型拓僕異構酶解決連環體DNA (catenane DNA)的能力,並且以奈酚之抗體證實哺乳類第二型拓樸異構酶是可以直接被奈酚修飾的。綜合以上,我們的結果證實1,2-奈酚及1,4-奈酚不管是在調控第二型拓樸酶所造成之DNA傷害或是抑制第二型拓樸異構酶在胞內之活性都有其參與角色,說明第二型拓樸酶參與奈酚影響的的生物機能與與傷害。zh_TW
dc.description.abstractTopoisomerase I/II/III (TOP1/2/3) plays an important roles in solving topological problems during cellular DNA replication and transcription. There are three main reactions catalyzed by topoisomerase: binding to DNA, formation of reversible single strand DNA breakage (TOP1/3) or double strand DNA breakage (TOP2) and religation of the DNA breakage to complete the catalytic cycle. Topoisomerases help cells to operate their normal functions through changing the numbers of positive or negative supercoilings in DNA. Moreover, TOP1 and TOP2 are important targets for many anticancer drugs, these compounds are called “topoisomerase catalytic“ inhibitors. Some of these inhibitors can cause the formation of topoisomerase cleavable complex (TOPcc) and subsequently DNA damage, which are termed ”topoisomerase poisons”. Naphthoquinones (NQs) are chemical compounds that widely existed in plants, preservatives and air pollutant. Many researches indicated that NQs can affect cellular proteins and corresponding functions by two proposed mechanisms: by forming covalent linkage to proteins or by going through redox cycling to generate ROS then leading to protein damages. In my study, we found that 1,2-NQ and 1,4-NQ can cause DNA damage in cells, and the damage is possibly mediated through both ROS and the TOP2β isozyme. Importantly, we have also found that 1,2-NQ and 1,4-NQ inhibit the segregation process of chromosome DNA through inhibiting the decatenation activity of TOP2 both in vitro and in cells. The immuno blotting analyzes also showed that NQs can directly modify TOP2. Combining the above results, we suggested that 1,2-NQ and 1,4-NQ participate in the TOP2-mediated DNA damage and cause inhibition of TOP2 activity, thus contributing to the NQ-mediated cellular and biological responses.en
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en
dc.description.tableofcontents口試委員審訂書 i
致謝 ii
中文摘要 iii
ABSTRACT iv
CONTENTS vi
INTRODUCTION 1
1. DNA topoisomerase 1
1.1 Type I DNA topoisomerase 1
1.2 Type II DNA topoisomerase 2
2. Topoisomerase as anticancer drugs target 4
2.1 Topoisomerase I as anticancer drugs target 5
2.2 Topoisomerase II as anticancer drugs target 5
3.Naphthoquinones 6
3.1 Naphthoquinones and its mechanisms for modifying proteins 6
3.2 Naphthoquinone and topoisomerase 8
SPECIFIC AIMS 9
MATERIALS AND METHODS 10
-Chemicals and antibodies 10
-Cell lines, plasmids, transfection and yeast transformation 10
-Protein purification 11
-Alkaline single cell gel-electrophoresis (comet) assay 13
-In vivo complex of Enzyme (ICE) bioassay 14
-Flow cytometry 15
-MTT cytotoxic assay 15
- Immunoprecipitation 16
-In vitro cleavage assay 16
-DNA relaxation assay 17
-DNA decatenation assay 18
-Quantitative and statistic analyses 18
RESULTS 19
-1,2-NQ and 1,4-NQ induced different DNA damage levels in HL60 and the TOP2-deficient HL60/MX2 cells 19
-1,2-NQ and 1,4-NQ induced TOP2βcc but not TOP2αcc in HL60 cells 20
-NQs induce preferentially DNA breakage in TOP2β in vitro 20
-ROS might be one of the factors responsible for the 1,2-NQ induced DNA damage in HL60 and HL60/MX2 cells 22
- NQs inhibit the relaxation/decatenation activities of hTOP2 isozyme in vitro 24
-NQs can directly modify hTOP2 in vitro 25
-NQs induce chromosome mis-segregation in HeLa cells 26
-NQs can directly modify hTOP2s in HeLa cells 26
- Cysteine residues of hTOP2 isozymes may play a partial role for NQs modification and its effects on hTOP2 activities 27
DISCUSSION 29
FIGURES AND APPENDIXES 34
-Fig. 1 1,2-NQ can induce different DNA damage levels in HL60 and HL60/MX2 35
-Fig.2 1,4-NQ can induce different DNA damage levels in HL60 and HL60/MX2 cells 36
-Fig. 3 Comparison of DNA damage rate and tail moment between 1,2-NQ and 1,4-NQ in HL60 and HL60/MX2 cells 37
-Fig. 4 1,2-NQ and 1,4-NQ can preferentially induce TOP2βcc in HL60 cells 38
-Fig. 5 1,2-NQ and 1,4-NQ can preferentially induce TOP2βcc in vitro 39
-Fig. 6 NQs-induced DNA breakage is mediated by hTOP2β 40
-Fig. 7 Fig. 7 NQs inhibit hTOP1 relaxation activity in vitro 41
-Fig. 8 Fig. 8 NQs doesn’t induce hTOP1-mediated DNA cleavage in vitro 42
-Fig. 9 1,2-NQ generate more ROS in HL60/MX2 cells than HL60 cells 43
-Fig. 10 Fig. 10 NQ-induced DNA damage can block by ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) 44
-Fig. 11 Fig. 11 NQs inhibit hTOP2s relaxation activity in vitro 45
-Fig. 12 Fig. 12 Quantification of DNA relaxation assay 46
-Fig. 13 Fig. 13 NQs inhibit hTOP2s decatenation activity in vitro 47
-Fig. 14 Fig. 14 Quantification of DNA decatenation assay 48
-Fig. 15 NQs can directly modify hTOP2α and hTOP2β in vitro 49
-Fig. 16 NQs cause chromosome mis-segregation in HeLa cells 50
-Fig. 17 Quantification of NQ-mediated chromosome mis-segregation in HeLa cells 51
-Fig. 18 NQs can directly modify hTOP2α and hTOP2β in HeLa cells 52
-Fig. 19 Cysteine residues on hTOP2s may play a partial role for NQs modification in DNA decatenation assay 53
-Fig. 20 Cysteine residues on hTOP2s may play a partial role for NQs modification in in vitro cleavage assay 54
-Fig. 21 LC-MS analysis of 1,2-NQ-10μM to hTOP2α 55
-Fig. 22 Cytotoxicity of 1,2-NQ and 1,4-NQ to HL60 and HL60/MX2 cells 56
-Appendix. 1 DNA decatenation activity test of hTOP2α and hTOP2β 57
-Appendix. 2 DNA relaxation activity test of hTOP2α and hTOP2β 58
-Appendix. 3 Relaxation activity test of hTOP2β and hTOP1 59
REFERENCE 60
dc.language.isoen
dc.subject連環體 DNAzh_TW
dc.subjectDNA 損傷zh_TW
dc.subject奈酚zh_TW
dc.subjectDNA 拓樸異構?zh_TW
dc.subject拓墣異構?可切割復合體zh_TW
dc.subjectDNA topoisomeraseen
dc.subjectNaphthoquinoneen
dc.subjectDNA damageen
dc.subjectCatenane DNAen
dc.subjectTopoisomerase cleavable complexen
dc.title探討奈酚所影響之生理機能與拓樸異構酶之參與zh_TW
dc.titleExploring the involvement of topoisomerases in the
naphthoquinone-mediated biological responses
en
dc.typeThesis
dc.date.schoolyear101-2
dc.description.degree碩士
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee鄧述諄(Shu-Chun Teng),詹迺立(Nei-Li Chan)
dc.subject.keywordDNA 拓樸異構?,奈酚,DNA 損傷,連環體 DNA,拓墣異構?可切割復合體,zh_TW
dc.subject.keywordDNA topoisomerase,Naphthoquinone,DNA damage,Catenane DNA,Topoisomerase cleavable complex,en
dc.relation.page64
dc.rights.note有償授權
dc.date.accepted2013-07-25
dc.contributor.author-college醫學院zh_TW
dc.contributor.author-dept微生物學研究所zh_TW
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