有機發光元件的光學模擬及出光技術研究

Abstract

由於具有顯示與照明的應用，使得近年來有機發光元件的發展相當迅速。然而，由於折射率的不匹配使得發光效率受限。 在本論文中，我們利用偶極輻射模型以及傳輸矩陣法來計算有機發光元件的出光率。並針對不同基板、陽極、電子傳輸層的結構作模擬，分析有機發光元件模態的比例分布：輻射模態(radiation modes)、基板模態(substrate modes)、波導模態(waveguide modes)以及表面電漿模態(surface plasmon modes)。 接著，我們利用以上模擬的結果以及斜角度蒸鍍法，製作折射率與有機層相近的陽極，降低波導模態的比例。最後再藉由高折射率基板和高折射率透鏡的輔助，將基板模態的光導出。

Organic light-emitting devices(OLEDs) have been developed rapidly in recent years due to applications in displays and lighting. However, the external quantum efficiency is still limited due to refraction index mismatching. In this thesis, we calculated the external quantum efficiency of OLEDs based on a dipole emission model and the transfer matrix method. We simulate various structures of different substrates, anodes, and electron-transport layers, and also analyze the mode distribution of OLEDs, including radiation modes, substrate modes, waveguide modes, and surface plasmon modes. Next, based on simulation results, we used GLAD to fabricate transparent ITO anodes with refraction indices close to organic layers, and used them to fabricate them with reduced waveguide modes. Furthermore, high-index substrates and high-index lens were used to couple substrate modes out to air from the index-matching OLED.