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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
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dc.contributor.advisor | 詹長權(Chang-Chuan Chan) | - |
dc.contributor.author | Shih-Ya Huang | en |
dc.contributor.author | 黃詩雅 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-05-11T04:40:29Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2020-08-27 | - |
dc.date.available | 2021-05-11T04:40:29Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2019-08-27 | - |
dc.date.issued | 2019 | - |
dc.date.submitted | 2019-08-19 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | 國立臺灣大學環境工程學研究所,台灣水環境再生協會(民105)。下水道系統再生水利用技術參考手冊。經濟部水利署。取自 https://www.wra.gov.tw/media/22089/105年-下水道系統再生水利用技術參考手冊.pdf
行政院環境保護署《環境微生物檢測通則-細菌(NIEA E101.04C)》。https://www.epa.gov.tw/niea/BD1112FB7452F9A0。公告日105/08/17,實施日105/11/15。 行政院環境保護署《水中總菌落數檢測方法-塗抹法(NIEA E203.56B)》、《水中總菌落數檢測方法-濾膜法(NIEA E205.57B)》https://www.epa.gov.tw/niea/39D19479D3897831 Agga, G. E., Arthur, T. M., Durso, L. M., Harhay, D. M., & Schmidt, J. W. (2015). Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacterial Populations and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes Obtained from Environments Impacted by Livestock and Municipal Waste. PLOS ONE, 10(7), e0132586. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0132586 Amos, G. C. A., Hawkey, P. M., Gaze, W. H., & Wellington, E. M. (2014). Waste water effluent contributes to the dissemination of CTX-M-15 in the natural environment. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 69(7), 1785-1791. doi:10.1093/jac/dku079 Arcilla, M. S., van Hattem, J. M., Haverkate, M. R., Bootsma, M. C. J., van Genderen, P. J. J., Goorhuis, A., Grobusch, M. P., Lashof, A. M. O., Molhoek, N., et al. (2017). Import and spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae by international travellers (COMBAT study): a prospective, multicentre cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis, 17(1), 78-85. doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(16)30319-x Bürgmann, H., Frigon, D., H Gaze, W., M Manaia, C., Pruden, A., Singer, A. C., F Smets, B., & Zhang, T. (2018). Water and sanitation: an essential battlefront in the war on antimicrobial resistance. FEMS Microbiol Ecol, 94(9), fiy101-fiy101. doi:10.1093/femsec/fiy101 Bell, J. M., Turnidge, J. D., Gales, A. C., Pfaller, M. A., & Jones, R. N. (2002). Prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing clinical isolates in the Asia-Pacific region and South Africa: regional results from SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (1998-99). Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis, 42(3), 193-198. Bockstael, K., & Van Aerschot, A. (2009). Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria. 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Environ Int, 34(1), 108-115. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2007.07.011 Kindle, P., Zurfluh, K., Nüesch-Inderbinen, M., von Ah, S., Sidler, X., Stephan, R., & Kümmerlen, D. (2019). Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Escherichia coli with non-susceptibility to quinolones isolated from environmental samples on pig farms. Porcine Health Management, 5(1), 9. doi:10.1186/s40813-019-0116-y Kovalova, L., Siegrist, H., Singer, H., Wittmer, A., & McArdell, C. S. (2012). Hospital Wastewater Treatment by Membrane Bioreactor: Performance and Efficiency for Organic Micropollutant Elimination. Environmental Science & Technology, 46(3), 1536-1545. doi:10.1021/es203495d Kummerer, K. (2004). Resistance in the environment. J Antimicrob Chemother, 54(2), 311-320. doi:10.1093/jac/dkh325 Lee, M., Hesek, D., Suvorov, M., Lee, W., Vakulenko, S., & Mobashery, S. (2003). A mechanism-based inhibitor targeting the DD-transpeptidase activity of bacterial penicillin-binding proteins. 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F., Kahlmeter, G., et al. (2012). Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. Clin Microbiol Infect, 18(3), 268-281. doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x Nicolas-Chanoine, M. H., Blanco, J., Leflon-Guibout, V., Demarty, R., Alonso, M. P., Canica, M. M., Park, Y. J., Lavigne, J. P., Pitout, J., et al. (2008). Intercontinental emergence of Escherichia coli clone O25:H4-ST131 producing CTX-M-15. J Antimicrob Chemother, 61(2), 273-281. doi:10.1093/jac/dkm464 Paterson, D. L. (2006). Resistance in gram-negative bacteria: Enterobacteriaceae. American Journal of Infection Control, 34(5, Supplement), S20-S28. Prado, T., Pereira, W. C., Silva, D. M., Seki, L. M., Carvalho, A. P., & Asensi, M. D. (2008). Detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in effluents and sludge of a hospital sewage treatment plant. 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E., Jr. (2000). Ability of the VITEK 2 advanced expert system To identify beta-lactam phenotypes in isolates of Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 38(2), 570-574. Schauss, T., Glaeser, S. P., Gütschow, A., Dott, W., & Kämpfer, P. (2015). Improved detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in input and output samples of German biogas plants by a selective pre-enrichment procedure. PLOS ONE, 10(3), e0119791-e0119791. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119791 Sidjabat, H. E., & Paterson, D. L. (2015). Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in Asia: epidemiology and management. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther, 13(5), 575-591. doi:10.1586/14787210.2015.1028365 Tennstedt, T., Szczepanowski, R., Braun, S., Pühler, A., & Schlüter, A. (2003). Occurrence of integron-associated resistance gene cassettes located on antibiotic resistance plasmids isolated from a wastewater treatment plant. 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Enterobacteriaceae producing the KPC-2 carbapenemase from hospital sewage. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis, 73(2), 204-206. doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.02.007 Zurfluh, K., Bagutti, C., Brodmann, P., Alt, M., Schulze, J., Fanning, S., Stephan, R., & Nuesch-Inderbinen, M. (2017). Wastewater is a reservoir for clinically relevant carbapenemase- and 16s rRNA methylase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Int J Antimicrob Agents, 50(3), 436-440. doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.04.017 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/605 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 背景
微生物對抗生素之抗藥性(antimicrobial resistance)在近年來成為全球公共衛生關注的重要議題之一,隨著世界衛生組織、聯合國糧食及農業組織和世界動物衞生組織提出整體防疫(One Health)的概念,近來研究開始探討潛在環境中與健康的人類與動物宿主的病原菌,其抗藥性隨宿主跨地域、跨國界傳播之機制,期望由整體環境的傳播途徑,減緩抗藥性的傳播。本研究選定台北市兩處汙水處理廠、一處實驗農場之畜牧區,依據場址中排放汙廢水之處理過程選定採樣點,選定自來水指標檢測之一大腸桿菌為標定細菌,檢測各採樣點水中大腸桿菌對不同分類抗生素之抗藥性比例與表現型之分布,目的為瞭解都市汙水處理設施與畜牧場兩類型場址水中大腸桿菌抗藥性特性,並討論其潛在之公共衛生危害,作為未來健康政策管制可參考之基礎。 材料及方法 採樣分別於108年3月11日、108年3月25日進行,並於採樣完畢立刻送至臺灣大學附設醫院感控中心實驗室冷藏,於同一日下午進行塗抹培養。各採樣點取兩瓶水樣,合計為汙水廠N = 12,畜牧場 N = 8。依序以chromIDTM Coli media區分性培養基、吲哚反應試驗確認、紙錠試驗篩選、VITEKTM 2 Compact System鑑定菌株。 結果 研究結果顯示,台北市汙水廠接收家戶及事業用水的入流水中,大腸桿菌除了對於第一線治療抗生素,如ampicillin-sulbactam、窄效性cephalosporins類(cefazolin、cefuroxime)、葉酸合成抑制類trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole等具抗藥性之外,也對於後線治療之廣效性抗生素,如廣效性cephalosporin類與cephamycin類(ceftriaxone、ceftazidime、cefepime、cefmetazole、flomoxef等)與 quinolone (levofloxacin、ciprofloxacin) 具抗藥性。並發現了多重抗藥性菌株的存在,但尚未檢測到對廣效性後線抗生素carbapenem具抗藥性的菌株。具有ESBL抗藥性表型也佔了62.2%(迪化廠)與72.7%(內湖廠)。在畜牧場的結果顯示,畜牧場菌株主要對ampicillin-sulbactam、cephalosporin類、aminoglycoside類、trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole等抗生素具抗藥性,除了整體相較汙水廠的抗藥性比例顯著較低,也未對cephamycin類、β-lactam合併β-lactamase抑制劑類、quinolone類、carbapenem類等較廣效性與後線的抗生素表現抗藥性;畜牧場菌株的野生型佔62%至78%,抗藥性表型主要為acquired penicillinase與high-level cephalosporinase (AmpC)併有ESBL的表型。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Background
Microbial resistance to antibiotics has become one of the most important global public health concerns in recent years. Existing studies have explored the pathogens in the living environment of healthy human and animal hosts. Such resistance to medicines, and transmission of resistance in the environment, transcends regional or state borders. It is expected that the transmission of drug resistance will be slowed down by better antibiotic use and recognizing the overall geographical resistance transmission pathway. In this study, two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Taipei City and a livestock farm of National Taiwan University (NTU) were selected as sampling sites. According to the wastewater treatment process, ten sampling points were selected. Escherichia coli resistance prevalence and resistant phenotypes among these sampling points were identified. The purpose is to understand the characteristics of E. coli resistance in the waters of urban wastewater treatment facilities and livestock farms and to discuss its potential public health hazards, as a reference for future health policy. Material and Methods The sampling was carried out on March 11th and 25th, 2019. Samples were immediately sent to the laboratory of Center for Infection Control of Taiwan University Hospital for refrigeration. The enumeration and smear culture were carried out on the same day. Two samples of wastewater were taken at each sampling point, which totaled 12 grab samples for the two sewage plants and 8 grab samples for the livestock farm. The bacteria strains were identified by chromIDTM Coli media discriminating medium, Indole reaction assay confirmation, disk diffusion screening, and VITEKTM 2 Compact System. Results The results show that in the inflow water at the sewage treatment plant in Taipei City, which receiving households and business water, E. coli show resistance to the first-line treatment of antibiotics, such as ampicillin-sulbactam, narrow-acting cephalosporins (cefazolin, cefuroxime) and folate synthesis inhibitior trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, in addition to broad-acting antibiotic for post-line treatment, such as the broad-spectrum cephalosporin and cephamycin (ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefepime, cefmetazole, flomoxef, etc.) and quinolone (levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin). The presence of multi-drug resistant strains was also discovered, while no strains revealed resistance to last-line broad-spectrum antibiotic such as carbapenem (ertapenem and imipenem). The ESBL resistant phenotype also accounted for 62.2% (Dihua Plant) and 72.7% (Neihu Factory). The results in the livestock farm showed that the livestock farm strains were mainly resistant to first-line antibiotics such as ampicillin-sulbactam, cephalosporin, aminoglycoside, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, etc., except that the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was much lower than that of the sewage plants. Resistance to cephamycin, β-lactam combined β-lactamase inhibitors, quinolones, carbapenem and other broad-spectrum antibiotics were not detected; wild-type strains accounted for 62% to 78%, and the drug resistance phenotype was mainly acquired penicillinase and high-level cephalosporinase (AmpC) with an ESBL phenotype. | en |
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dc.description.tableofcontents | 致謝 ii
中文摘要 iii Abstract v 目錄 1 圖目錄 3 表目錄 4 第一章 前言 5 1.1 研究背景 5 1.2 研究目的 7 第二章 文獻回顧 9 2.1 細菌對抗生素的抗藥性 9 2.1.1 抗藥性 9 2.1.2 乙內醯胺分解酶(β-lactamases) 10 2.1.3 產廣效性乙內醯胺分解酶與致病性大腸桿菌流行病學 11 2.2 環境、細菌抗藥性生態與傳播 13 第三章 材料與方法 16 3.1 研究架構 16 3.2 樣本來源 17 3.2.1 採樣場址 17 3.2.2 採樣點 19 3.2.3 汙水處理廠流程 19 3.2.4 水體採樣 20 3.3 大腸桿菌篩選與抗生素敏感性鑑定 20 3.3.1 實驗材料 21 3.3.2 細菌培養 21 3.3.3 乙內醯胺分解酶表現型大腸桿菌菌株篩選 23 3.3.4 菌株分生與藥敏性鑑定 24 3.4 統計分析 27 第四章 結果 28 4.1 大腸桿菌篩選 28 4.1.1 大腸桿菌菌落數估計 28 4.1.2 大腸桿菌菌株數 30 4.2 汙水廠大腸桿菌抗藥性 31 4.2.1 抗藥性比例 31 4.2.2 乙內醯胺分解酶表型比例 37 4.2.3 多重抗藥性菌株 41 4.3 畜牧場大腸桿菌抗藥性 41 4.3.1 抗藥性比例 41 4.3.2 乙內醯胺分解酶表型比例 46 第五章 討論與總結 49 5.1 汙廢水中大腸桿菌抗藥性 49 5.2 環境水體中細菌抗藥性之研究重點及未來建議 50 5.3 研究限制 52 第六章 參考文獻 53 第七章 附錄 59 7.1 採樣紀錄表 59 7.2 VITEKTM 2 Compact System 60 7.2.1 藥敏卡片設定 60 7.2.2 AES系統判讀畫面 60 | - |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | - |
dc.title | 台北市都市汙水處理廠與某實驗農場環境水中大腸桿菌抗藥性之探討 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli in Wastewater of Two Municipal Wastewater Plants and One Experimental Farm in Taipei City | en |
dc.date.schoolyear | 107-2 | - |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | - |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 盛望徽(Wang-Huei Sheng),林先和(Hsien-Ho Lin),許淳茹(Chun-Ru Hsu) | - |
dc.subject.keyword | 微生物,大腸桿菌,抗藥性,多重抗藥性,抗藥性表型,汙水處理系統,畜牧,整體防疫, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | microbial,Escherichia coli,Antimicrobial resistance,AMR,multi-drug resistance,resistant phenotype,wastewater treatment plant,livestock farm,One Health, | en |
dc.relation.page | 60 | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201903901 | - |
dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | - |
dc.date.accepted | 2019-08-19 | - |
dc.contributor.author-college | 公共衛生學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 職業醫學與工業衛生研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 職業醫學與工業衛生研究所 |
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