建立以日累積光合作用量為基準之補光系統應用於太陽光與人工光源併用型植物工廠

Abstract

植物工廠指在設定的環控及生產管理程序下，以工業模式進行全年無休植物生產的系統，是精緻農業與設施栽培的極致（陳等人，2011），在臺灣，多年來的精緻農業與設施栽培之研究已有許多成就，然而甚少有溫室與植物工廠人工光源補光系統之研究，因此，為解決溫室與太陽光與人工光源併用型植物工廠使用太陽光之光量變化之問題，本研究成功建立以日累積光合作用量（Daily Photosynthesis Integral, DPI）為補光依據，以夜間補光之方式，開發具有自動移動與自動燈具升降功能之補光系統。進行實驗得到皺葉萵苣之光合作用速率回歸式供系統使用，並以本研究建立之補光系統，於臺灣大學太陽光與人工光源併用型植物工廠進行補光實驗，以每日將未達到DPI之萵苣補光至設定DPI之方式進行補光，結果顯示以本系統補光較僅使用太陽光之萵苣增加了約145%之鮮重以及133%之乾重，並與使用完全人工光之萵苣鮮乾種無顯著差異。

Plant Factory can be defined as a plant production system to provide agricultural produce of quality with stable, year-round, mass productions by controlled conditions according to the production schedule. From the view of technology, plant factory could be regarded as the ultimate extension of protective cultivation and quality agriculture. In Taiwan, there have been many achievements in quality agriculture and protective cultivation during past years. However, the work on supplementary artificial lighting system for greenhouses and semi-closed plant factories has not been much addressed. This study successfully developed a automatic supplementary lighting system based on daily photosynthesis integral during night time with the functions of automatic gantry movement and automatic height adjustment of lamps. The photosynthetic characteristics of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa L) were obtained by experiments in order to integrate with supplementary lighting system. Supplemental lighting experiments were conducted at NTU semi-closed plant factory by using supplementary lighting system based on the investigated daily photosynthesis integral. The results showed that the fresh weight and dry weight of lettuce grown with sunlight as well as supplementary light were increased by 145 and 133% respectively compared to those with only sunlight; and it had no significant difference when compared to the group of using only artificial light with the same daily photosynthesis integral.