紅豆播種機用監控系統之研製

Abstract

紅豆播種機監控系統是用來監控播種機在播種紅豆的情形，是目前播種機的一個重要組成，其性能好壞將影響播種效率及品質。本研究使用單晶片Atmega328作為主要控制核心，對播種機工作過程中的播種參數以及是否發生缺種情況進行即時監控及顯示於液晶顯示器(LCD)上。 此監控系統組成主要由種子感測器、液晶顯示器與警示裝置組成，種子感測器用來計算紅豆從種子管落下的數目，由於種子落下時重疊或種子間無間距可能會造成感測器之誤差，故使用脈衝寬度進行補償提高準確度。液晶顯示器主要顯示各感測器播種量、工作時間以及發生缺種之播種箱編號，使工作者能即時監測播種情形，方便分析及統計播種參數。警示系統為在播種時發生異常情形時，利用發光二極體發亮以及蜂鳴器發出聲音提醒工作者，提高整體播種效率。 本研究設計之監控系統與國外進口監控系統比較成本相對較低，若能繼續以國內農民所需之功能進行研究，則可降低成本且符合經濟效益。

A new self-developed monitoring system is used for monitoring the planting work when sowing Adzuki beans. The Monitoring system are now an important part planting now. The performance of this type of system affects the sowing efficiency and growing quality. A microchip Atmega328 is chosen to serve as the control core. It in time monitors the planting parameters and detects whether there is a missing situation, and shows the information on a LCD display. The monitoring system is composed primarily of seed sensors, a LCD display and a warning device. The seed sensor is used for calculating the drop in the number of Adzuki beans which drop from the seed tube. An error occurs when two seeds overlap or there is no spacing between them, so we use a method of pulse-width compensation to increase the system’s accuracy. The LCD display mainly shows the population of each sensor, working time and the number of the tank which has missing seeding. Therefore, it can help operators monitor the planting work in time and analyze the planting parameters. The purpose of a warning device is to warn operators when some problems occur when seeding is delivered; a light from LED and a sound from buzzer can be used to remind the operators and increase overall sowing efficiency. Compared to imported monitoring system, the cost of our monitoring system is much lower. If we keep improving the functions to satisfy domestic farmer’s requirements, the cost will be decrease and the system will become even more effective.