清潔隊在地方政治生態的角色--以新北市為例

Abstract

一般對清潔隊的印象就是收運垃圾，是跟民眾生活相當貼切的第一線工作，但是若仔細觀察其作息，從服務的對象、還有在地經營所觸及之人際關係網絡，就地方生態呈現方式，其實清潔隊本身就是公部門在地化的一股勢力。本研究遂以探討釐清新北市環保局清潔隊與地方之間存在的連結關係，並了解其連結方式與既有理論認知定義的差異，設法釐清清潔隊的地方政治生態角色的變化，以及在歷經臺北縣升格改制為新北市後有何不同。 故從清潔隊以親情、友情、信任和依賴等互動方式的來源組成，所呈現出來的多元性和異質性情感聯繫，以及在地方政治團體行動中兼負傳動機和工具機之職能，周旋在地方行政、民意代表、利益團體、黑道、樁腳等之間，其涉及的基礎理論面向包含有恩庇侍從、人際關係網絡、政治密友和結盟關係，以及樁腳網絡等，在地方上形成公事及私務緊密結合運作的人事網絡，彼此獨立且相互支持或牽連，且平衡發展共存於地方政治生態中。因而提出「共架鍵結」觀點以闡述清潔隊整個在地方政治生態的運作關係，就清潔隊在地方上的地緣、血緣、政經關係等組合連結方式，所呈現出來的關係體制，是兼顧理性和情感宣洩面向，所構築的是多樣、多變與多重壓力的地方政治生態，所以其在地方政治生態上的角色變化，就理論和認知上是有別於以往的見解與思考領域。

Generally, the public’s impression of a cleaning team on the street is the collection and transport of wastes, which is the essential constituent of people’s daily life. However, careful observation of its work and service object, as well as the interpersonal connection to the locals, it presents as an ecology of local politics and a force in the local public sector. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between cleaning team and the local Environmental Protection Bureau of New Taipei City, to differentiate its connections to the politics and the existing perception/definition of it, in order to identify the change of its role in local politics, as well as the difference before and after the elevated status to New Taipei City from Taipei County. Therefore, by understanding the multiple and heterogeneous emotional connections of cleaning team, including family, friendship, trust and dependence, as well as functioning as a transmitter and tool to the action of local political groups and dealing with local administration, public opinion representatives, interest groups, gangs, and vote captain, the basic theory involved patronage, interpersonal network, political alliance and voting captain network, that forms a connecting web of close integration of public and private affairs at the local level, as each is independent and yet connect to support or impact each other to develop and coexist in a balanced ecology of local politics. Thus, this paper suggested the concept of “personnel bond” to explain the functional relationship of cleaning team in the local politics. The system of relationships presented by cleaning team in combination of geographical, bloodline, political and economic relations in the local area involves multiple facets of rationale and emotions to construct a diverse, malleable and pressurized ecology of local politics. In terms of local politics, this paper would propose a different insight and thought in theory and perception to the change of its role.