有機與有機混合無機太陽能電池在奈米維度下的光管理

Abstract

在現今發展中，由於有機太陽能電池對我們的日常生活有極高的附加價值，許多研究皆朝著低成本、大面積製程及可撓性等方面探討。然而，如何有效提升有機太陽電池的效率亦是一個非常重要的課題。 本文中，我們利用奈米維度下之光管理方法，如奈米結構應用於有機太陽能電池上以提升光伏特性，並且對其光電特性做詳細的討論。 首先，由陽極氧化處理之奈米凹洞鋁片成功應用於反式結構有機太陽能電池之陰極，進一步提升了有機太陽能電池的效率，並提出了奈米凹洞鋁片擁有良好的光學性質、全向性光擷取、可大面積製程及具有可撓性等特點。此奈米凹洞有機太陽能電池只需200奈米厚的有機材料主動層，在波長300奈米-600奈米可吸收高達90%的光。在AM1.5G太陽能模擬器光照下，藉由此一奈米凹洞結構應用於反式有機太陽能電池，與拋光表面之元件相比其短路電流密度可從7.34 mA/cm2提升至10.16 mA/cm2，其轉換效率可由2.08%增加至2.89%。此部分研究之概念與技術將有助於提升有機太陽能電池之效率並可適用在低成本、大面積製程與Roll-to-roll製程的發展。

Nowadays, owing to the organic solar cells have a high additional value in our daily lives, many studies are focusing on low-cost, large-scale manufacturing process and flexibility. However, improving the efficiency of organic solar cells is also a very important topic. In this thesis, the nanoscale photon management methods employing nanostructures are introduced to organic solar cells for boosting the photovoltaic performances, and the photoelectric properties of the devices are discussed in detail. First, the nanoconcave aluminum foils via anodization successfully applied to cathode of inverted organic solar cells, further improving the efficiency of organic solar cells and proposed that the nanoconcave aluminum foils possess good optical properties, omnidirectionality, adaptable to large-scale manufacturing process and flexible characteristics. Nanoconcave-based organic solar cell with only a 200-nm-thick polymer layer can absorb 90% of the light with wavelengths of 300-600 nm. Upon the application of the nanoconcave structures, the current density of inverted organic solar cells was increased from 7.34 mA/cm2 to 10.16 mA/cm2 and the conversion efficiency could be improved from 2.08 % to 2.89 % under AM1.5G illumination. The concept and technique presented in this study should benefit the development of improving the efficiency of organic solar cells and adaptation of low-cost, large-scale manufacturing process and roll-to-roll production.