親密關係衝突中的建設性轉化歷程：行動者與伴侶相依模式之探討

Abstract

過往文獻對親密關係中衝突議題的探討大多聚焦在個體層次，而忽略親密關係中雙方的互動及對方對自身可能造成的影響。近年雖有學者開始以對偶資料分析親密關係議題，但在華人親密關係文獻中以成對資料進行對偶分析的研究仍屬少量。本研究對未婚情侶互動行為進行資料收集，探討親密關係衝突中的建設性轉化歷程，主張個體會對親密關係中發生的衝突進行認知評估，並在評估後採取相對應的衝突因應策略，進而影響自身的關係滿意度與安適幸福感。然而，個體衝突因應策略的效果不只會影響自身，也會影響對方的關係滿意度與安適幸福感。因此，本研究採用行動者與伴侶相依模式與結構方程模型分別進行個體模型與對偶模型的分析，以便了解親密關係雙方在面臨衝突時交互行為所產生的影響。經由對189對未婚情侶對偶資料進行分析，本研究結果分為兩個部分，在個體層次分析結果顯示：採取功能性評估的個體會藉由兼容並蓄因應策略的中介進而提升自身的關係滿意度；然而個體的競爭性評估、規避逃離因應策略會降低自身的關係滿意度；另外，男性的自我犧牲因應策略會提升自身的關係滿意度，女性則無顯著效果；男性的功利主義因應策略會降低自身的關係滿意度，女性則無顯著效果。在對偶資料分析顯示：男性的兼容並蓄因應策略會提升女性的關係滿意度；不論性別，個體的自我犧牲因應策略會降低對方的安適幸福感，但規避逃離因應策略對彼此的關係滿意度與安適幸福感並無顯著的伴侶效果；另外，男性的功利主義因應策略會提升女性的關係滿意度與安適幸福感。最後本文對研究結果進行討論並提出未來研究方向。

Most prior researches of intimate relationship ignored the effect that caused by the partner and the interaction effect between the relationship. In recent years, researchers have started to use dyadic analysis to study intimate relationship, but there are still few Chinese literatures that collect dyadic data for studying intimate relationship. This thesis collects dyadic data of unmarried lovers to explore the constructive transformation process of the conflict in intimate relationship. This research supposes that the functional-orientated appraisal on conflict will positively affect the person’s relationship satisfaction and will be mediated by conflict resolution strategies when the individual solves conflict in compatible or sharing resolution strategy. Moreover, these effects will not only affect the individuals themselves, but also affect their partners’ relationship satisfaction and personal peacefulness. Therefore, the study used Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) and Structure Equation Model (SEM) to analyze the dyadic data. Data was collected from 189 pairs unmarried lovers. The results are split into two levels, the individual analysis and the dyadic analysis. The level of individual analysis indicated that functional appraisal will increase personal relationship satisfaction. Competitive appraisal and escape strategy will decrease personal relationship satisfaction. Male’s self-sacrificing strategy will increase his relationship satisfaction, but females’ won’t. Male’s utilitarian strategy will decrease his relationship satisfaction, but females’ won’t. The level of dyadic analysis indicated that male’s compatible strategy will increase female’s relationship satisfaction; no matter gender, individual’s self-sacrificing strategy will decrease partern’s peacefulness; male’s utilitarian strategy will increase female’s relationship satisfaction and peacefulness. Based on these findings, limitations and suggestions to future direction are discussed.