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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 王尚禮 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Hung-Yun Lin | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 林虹妘 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-16T09:41:21Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2020-02-16 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2017-02-16 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2017 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2017-02-06 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/59852 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 鉈是一種具有高毒性的元素且其毒性對人類具有致死性，主要污染來源為礦物冶煉與科技產業工廠排放。鉈在土壤中的宿命至今尚未有文獻探討，而土壤膠體電荷為決定吸附反應的重要因子之一，為了瞭解土壤與鉈之間的交互作用，本研究利用永久電荷土壤(Cp、Btw、Ta-2)及pH依賴性電荷土壤 (Lv、Ce、Pu)對Tl (I)進行等溫吸附反應及脫附反應，探討不同電荷特性土壤對Tl (I)吸附及脫附行為之影響。本研究結果顯示，永久電荷土壤對Tl (I)之吸附量明顯大於pH依賴性電荷土壤對Tl (I)之吸附量，且Ta-2對Tl (I)之最大吸附量與陽離子交換容量之比值 (Qmax/CEC)為1.06，由此推測應是Ta-2含有大量錳氧化物，使得Tl (I)氧化形成Tl(OH)3沉澱或Tl (III)與錳形成難溶之錯合物，而提高了Tl (I)之吸附量。另一方面，本研究將不同電荷特性土壤對Tl (I)之脫附實驗結果利用Freundlich方程式擬合，並計算其遲滯係數(nd/na)，結果顯示永久電荷土壤相對pH依賴性電荷土壤具有較高的遲滯現象，其主要原因為土壤組成的不同，在永久電荷土壤中，Tl (I)可藉由離子交換方式被固定在2:1型黏土礦物層間，且四面體帶電土壤之遲滯現象較八面體帶電土壤明顯，其歸因於Tl (I)吸附位置與土壤帶電位置之距離，所導致Tl (I)吸附鍵結力的不同；而pH依賴性電荷土壤則是利用高嶺石和氧化物作為其主要吸附位置，且土壤pH較低，因此pH依賴性電荷土壤對Tl (I)之吸附量較低，且反應具有可逆性。
研究結果發現，在土壤吸附Tl (I)的過程中，一部分的Tl (I)可能被土壤中的黏土礦物固定，然而Tl (I)的脫附通常具有可逆性，因此Tl (I)在土壤中可以輕易地被淋洗至地下水層中，進而增加環境污染的風險。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Thallium is highly toxic but its fate in soil has not been well understood. In Taiwan, elevated levels of Tl in soils have been detected due to its application in the electronic industries. To understand the interaction mechanism of Tl with soils, this study conducted Tl(I) adsorption and desorption experiments for six soil samples, which included permanent-charge and pH-dependent-charge soils. The Tl(I) adsorption capacities of permanent-charge soils were higher than those of the pH-dependent charge soils. The ratios of Tl(I) adsorption maximum to CEC were determined to be 17 – 38% for the variable-charge soils and approximately 60% for the permanent-charge soils. For Ta-2 the ratio of Tl (I) adsorption maximum to CEC was 1.06, which was assumed that Tl (I) may be oxidize to Tl (III) by the manganese oxides. Tl (III) froms inner-sphere complex at manganese oxides or Tl(OH)3 precipitate to increasing the adsoption of Tl (I). The adsorption/desorption isotherms of each soil were both fitted to Freundlich equation to obtain the corresponding n values, which were subsequently used to calculate hysteresis coefficient (nd/na). The values of the hysteresis coefficients of all the soils increased with the initial Tl(I) concentration. The permanent-charge soils exhibited a higher hysteresis coefficient than the pH-dependent charge soils. These results indicated that a fraction of Tl(I) may be retained by the clay minerals in the soils. However, because the desorption behaviors of Tl(I) were generally reversible, Tl(I) is expected to be leached readily in soil, indicating a high environmental risk of Tl(I) pollution in soil. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-16T09:41:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-106-R03623037-1.pdf: 870965 bytes, checksum: 876f42d94a3561e983b7469ab2bb0f39 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 摘要 I
Abstract II 目錄 III 圖目錄 VI 表目錄 VIII 第1章 前言 1 第2章 前人研究 2 2.1 鉈 2 2.1.1 鉈的污染及來源 2 2.1.2 鉈的毒性 2 2.1.3 各國土壤鉈濃度及其在土壤中的分布 3 2.1.4 鉈在植體中存在形態 4 2.1.5 各國鉈的管制標準 5 2.1.6 鉈的水合反應 5 2.1.7 鉈的水解常數 6 2.1.8 鉈氧化還原 8 2.2 土壤膠體表面電荷 9 2.2.1 永久電荷 9 2.2.2 pH依賴性電荷 9 2.3 土壤吸附反應 10 2.3.1 土壤pH值 10 2.3.2 離子強度 10 2.3.3 黏土礦物含量 11 2.3.4 陽離子交換容量 11 2.3.5 鐵鋁錳氧化物 11 2.3.6 有機質 11 2.4 土壤脫附反應 12 2.4.1 遲滯係數 12 第3章 材料與方法 13 3.1 土壤特性分析 13 3.1.1 供試土壤來源及介紹 13 3.1.2 土壤基本特性分析 14 3.2 不同土壤與鉈之等溫吸附實驗 17 3.2.1 Tl金屬溶液配製 17 3.2.2 永久電荷土壤吸附Tl (I)之等溫吸附實驗 17 3.2.3 pH依賴性電荷土壤吸附Tl (I)之等溫吸附實驗 17 3.3 等溫吸附模式 18 3.3.1 Langmuir 方程式 18 3.3.2 Freundlich方程式 19 3.4 等溫脫附實驗 20 3.4.1 連續稀釋脫附實驗步驟 20 3.4.2 土壤吸附鉈含量之計算 21 3.4.3 遲滯係數計算 21 3.5 標準礦物與鐵氧化物對鉈之等溫吸附實驗 22 3.5.1 標準礦物 22 3.5.2 標準礦物之純化步驟 22 3.5.3 標準礦物懸浮液固液比測定 23 3.5.4 等溫吸附實驗 23 3.5.5 脫附實驗 24 3.6 X光吸收光譜 (X-ray absorption spectroscopy, XAS) 25 第4章 結果與討論 26 4.1 土壤基本性質 26 4.2 永久電荷土壤與pH依賴性電荷土壤對Tl (I)吸附及脫附結果 29 4.3 永久電荷土壤對Tl (I)之吸附及脫附實驗 34 4.3.1 永久電荷土壤對Tl (I)之等溫吸附實驗結果 34 4.3.2 永久電荷土壤對Tl (I)之等溫脫附實驗結果 43 4.4 pH依賴性電荷土壤對Tl (I)之等溫吸附及脫附實驗 47 4.4.1 pH依賴性電荷土壤對Tl (I)之等溫吸附實驗結果 47 4.4.2 pH依賴性電荷土壤對Tl (I)之等溫脫附實驗結果 53 4.5 標準礦物對Tl (I)之等溫吸附及脫附實驗 57 4.5.1 標準礦物對Tl (I)之等溫吸附實驗結果 57 4.5.2 標準礦物對Tl (I)之等溫脫附實驗結果 61 4.6 鐵氧化物對Tl (I)之吸附及脫附實驗 65 4.6.1 針鐵礦對Tl (I)之等溫吸附實驗結果 65 4.6.2 針鐵礦對Tl (I)之等溫脫附實驗結果 68 4.7 X光吸收光譜分析 71 第5章 結論 76 參考文獻 77 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.title | 不同電荷性質土壤對鉈之吸附及脱附機制 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Adsorption and Desorption Mechanisms of Thallium(I) by Soils with Different Charge Properties | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 105-1 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 李達源,江博能,官文惠,鄒裕民 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 鉈,永久電荷土壤,pH依賴性土壤,吸附,脫附,遲滯現象, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Thallium,Permanent-charge soil,pH-dependent charge soil,Adsorption,Desorption,Adsorption hysteresis, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 85 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201700370 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2017-02-07 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 農業化學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 農業化學系 | |
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