虛擬實境之森林與都市環境對生心理影響之研究

Abstract

本研究目的為瞭解透過虛擬實境方式所呈現出森林環境與都市環境下,是否 將為人體帶來生心理效益,比較虛擬實境中森林環境與都市環境對生理與心理反 應之差異。南投縣奧萬大國家森林遊樂區為本研究之虛擬森林環境影片之取材地 點;台北市西門町商圈為虛擬都市環境影片之取材地點,兩者不同環境皆拍攝 360o影片並使用虛擬實境設備(HTC Vive)播放呈現。 研究實驗為每位受測者(N = 30)皆須隔週受測(共兩次)並進行不同虛擬 環境影片之刺激,實驗生理方面採用心跳、血壓、心率變異度與唾液澱粉酶量測; 心理方面採用盤斯心情量表(POMS)及恢復組成量表(RCS)作為心理衡量工 具。 研究驗證顯示,30 名受測者在受虛擬實境之森林環境影片刺激後,生理方 面之心跳、收縮壓、副交感神經效能(HF)皆具有顯著差異。情緒部分採用 POMS 量表,受測者在困惑、活力、疲勞、緊張與沮喪等五個構面皆具有顯著差異,對 於憤怒與自尊並無顯著差異。受測者在虛擬實境之都市環境影片刺激後,生理方 面之心跳具有顯著差異,其餘皆無顯著差異;POMS 方面在疲勞、憤怒與自尊等 三個構面皆具有顯著差異,對於困惑、活力、緊張與沮喪並無顯著差異。受測者 在不同虛擬環境刺激後,生理方面皆不具有顯著差異;POMS 方面在困惑、活力、 疲勞、憤怒、自尊與緊張皆具有顯著差異,惟有沮喪不具有顯著差異。RCS 量表 部分在比較不同虛擬環境下受測者對於遠離性、延展性、魅力性與相容性等四大 構面皆具有顯著差異。

The purpose of this study is to realize whether forest and urban environments can bring psychophysiological benefits to the human body via the use of virtual reality. This was achieved by comparing significant psychophysiological responses in both forest and urban environments within a virtual reality environment. AOWANDA National Forest Recreation Area in Nantou, Taiwan, was the forest environment location selected for this study. Ximending shopping circle, Taipei City, Taiwan, was the urban environment selected for this study. The different environments were recorded via 360 ゚ video, and the virtual reality device (HTC Vive) was used for viewing. In the experiment, the subjects(N = 30)were stimulated once a week for two weeks, each time with a different virtual reality environment. Physiological indicators measured were heart rate, blood pressure, heart rate variability and salivary α amylase, with profile of mood state (POMS) and recovery composition scale (RCS) used as psychological measurement tools. Overall, this study showed a significant result in heart rate, systolic blood pressure and HF in the virtual forest environment. Moreover, confusion, vigor, fatigue, tension and depression results in POMS were also significant. However, there was no significant difference found in anger and self-esteem results. In the virtual urban environment results, only heart rate was significant, with fatigue, anger and self-esteem in POMS were also significant. Compare the difference between forest and urban environment, there were no significant difference found in physical indicators. There were significant differences in the POMS results of confusion, vigor, fatigue, anger, self-esteem and tension except depression. Besides, in the RCS, subjects reported the four dimensions of RCS were all significant, such as being away, extend, fascination and compatibility.