以豬糞尿水為基質之微生物燃料電池的電源管理

Abstract

本研究利用空氣陰極式反應槽，槽體體積為1 L，經固定化菌種填充後有效體積為0.6 L。本研究以三段式豬糞尿水處理系統之驗氧汙泥為菌種，使用固定化技術使菌種包埋於顆粒，百分之百填充於一升空氣陰極式反應槽內，使用碳布做為陽極，白金鈦網為陰極，進流基質為兩種不同基質(人工廢水、豬糞尿水)，兩種基質各在兩種不同有機負荷10 g/L、6 g/L，觀察其對為生物燃料電池產電效能之影響。 實驗結果顯示人工廢水酸化速度快，其陽極槽體厭氧發酵停留酸化的階段，而人工廢水的產電效果較豬糞尿水好，估計陽極槽內部酸鹼值呈酸性時，產電菌作用的較好。單一MFC人工廢水10 g/L、人工廢水6 g/L、豬糞尿水加人工廢水10 g/L、豬糞尿水6 g/L的平均電壓值分別為0.83、0.74、0.76、0.75V，電流值最高分別為0.85、0.71、0.43、0.35 mA，可看出高有基負荷的產電效能較為出色，但人工廢水試驗時，較低的有機負荷基質進流實驗CE較高，顯示提高有機負荷雖能提高產電效能，但有機物質的利用和產電效能並非等比例的提高。 本實驗利用兩個MFC串聯或並聯成MFC系統，提高單一一個MFC所能提供的電能，並將其經過Charge pump後的電能儲存至超級電容(3.3 F、10 F)觀察其充電曲線、充電效能，將超級電容充電至1 V後利用升壓轉換器升壓至3.3 V以啟動後端負載(5 mm的紅色LED燈)，結果現示超級電容儲電雖會因電容容量的增大而下降但能儲存較多的電能，3.3 F的超極電容儲存至1 V時能使得一顆5mm廣角形紅光LED燈亮約8秒，而10 F 的超級電容儲存至1 V時能使其亮約32秒。

Air-cathode MFC was utilized for this study, the reactor volume is 600 mL. In this study, the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) was investigated by two kind of substrates, artificial wastewater and swine wastewater, and both of them have two different loading rate (10 g/L,6 g/L).In this study, MFCs using carbon cloth as the anode and platinum titanium net as the cathode, the anaerobic sludge of a three-stage swine wastewater treatment system was used as the seeding bacteria and immobilized cells were packed into reactors 100%. Experimental results show that the speed of acidification in artificial wastewater is very fast, the anode anaerobic fermentation tank stays acidification stage, and artificial wastewater electricity production was better than swine wastewater so it is estimated that electricity production is better when the reactor’s pH is acid. Single MFC artificial wastewater 10 g/L, artificial wastewater 6 g/L, swine waste water plus artificial wastewater 10 g/L and swine wastewater 6 g/L, the average voltage values were 0.83, 0.74, 0.76 and 0.75 V, average maximum current values were 0.85, 0.71 ,0.43 and 0.35 mA, respectively. Electricity production was increasing when loading rate increased, however, its average coulombic efficiency was not occurred at the loading rate of 10 g/L. These results showed that the performance of MFCs would be increased by feeding high loading rate substrate but electricity production efficiency is not proportional increase. Two air-cathode MFCs were connected in series or parallel as a MFC’s system to increase the output voltage or output current. MFC’s system storage power to super capacitor (3.3 F, 10 F) through charge pump then use the boost converter to boost the output voltage to 3.3 V then activating the load(5 mm red LED lights). The experimental results showed that it could sustain lightening a red LED for around 8 seconds when voltage was charged to 1V for a 3.3F super capacity and sustain lightening a red LED for around 32 seconds when voltage was charged to 1 V for a 10 F super capacity.