橫跨彈性時期取送貨轉運服務的效果分析

Abstract

取送貨路線問題已被廣泛得研究以及為了獲得最佳的路線問題解答各種演算法已經被研製. 實際上, 許多運輸相關企業為提供高服務質量在最短的時間內競爭完成顧客訂單, 同時他們力求花最少的取送貨路線成本. 然而,為處理大型服務區域和不穩的需求, 協同物流視為一個好的方法以提高服務質量. 協同物流是幾家企業合作團結起來取與送貨以提升物流效率. 在本研究取送貨區域分為某些地區而已指定的信使員負責每一個特定的地區. 此外, 轉運站設立作為所有各方信使員可以交換已取的貨或將要送的貨的一個地點. 有兩個相對的基準用來測量擬議的協同物流的質量. 第一個參數是取送貨服務企業的工作量也就是各方信使所走過的行駛距離. 第二個參數是客戶等候時間, 此時期是從顧客發布他們取送貨訂單開始到那特定的貨到達了目的地. 客戶訂單定期累積,而取送貨服務是在每個特定期間結束時執行. 此實驗執行兩個原始和協同的方法以比較與分析擬議方法的效力. 試驗結果顯示新的方法比原始的方法在彈性時期具有較好的效率.

Pickup and Delivery (P&D) routing problems have been widely studied and various algorithms have been developed to get optimal routing solution. In practice, many transportation-related parties compete to provide high service quality by swiftly doing customer orders, while they try to spend the least expenditure on their P&D trips. However, to deal with large service area and changing demands, collaborative logistic is considered as a good strategy to increase service quality. Collaborative logistic is a cooperation of several enterprises which unite together to collect and deliver items in order to improve logistic efficiency. In this research, a P&D area is divided into multiple regions and a specified party is responsible for each particular region. Moreover, a hub transshipment is set up as a place for all parties to exchange any collected or to-be-delivered items. Two opposed benchmarks are considered for measuring the quality of proposed collaborative service. The first parameter is the workload of the P&D service providers which is measured by travelled distance. The second parameter is the customer waiting time, which begins at the order release time and finishes when the specified items have arrived at requested destination. Customer orders are accumulated periodically, and the P&D service is performed at the end of every period. Experiments with both original policy and collaborative policy are performed in order to compare and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed policy. Experiment results show that the proposed policy outperforms original policy in flexible time period.