從文創鍍金走向道德經濟 -- 坪林臺灣藍鵲茶行動

Abstract

本研究論文主要在於探討「臺灣藍鵲茶行動」中，坪林如何開展以生態護育為號召，提出一種更加落實於鄉村地方、展現進步農業思考的生態農業可能。首先分析茶產業在本身產業轉型史中，如何隨著不同附加價值建構而出現不同的「產業轉型」樣態，進入當下的「文創鍍金」產業型態。再者，透過 Polanyi 詮釋 Aristotle 對於經濟一詞的概念，「社群」、「自足性」與「公平」的道德經濟思考，與生態多樣性農作的「里山倡議」實踐，作為茶行動根基，用以突破茶「文創鍍金」產業轉型路徑上的新產業典範。此外，借鏡日本豐岡東方白鸛的里山共生史，分析從豐岡的共生歷史建構，從復育白鸛到研發出「東方白鸛護育農法」，建立堅強的支持體系。最後分析，進入坪林的「行動者」又是如何借鏡豐岡典範，開展茶產業的「道德經濟轉型」－「臺灣藍鵲茶」行動，分析出行動背後如何透過事件觸發，而產生不同層次的支持小系統，建立屬於坪林的道德經濟模型支持系統。

This thesis focuses on the issue of “the action of Pinglin Taiwan Blue Magpie tea”. It explores how Pinglin through developing a call for protection of the tea to bring up an ecological farming possibility which is more practical in local rural, and also shows progressive agriculture thinking. This paper first gives a brief overview of the history of tea industry in Taiwan. And then it analyzes that during the history, how this industry has emerged various industrial transformation types based on different construction of value added, while currently it has become the “cultural and creative gilded” industry type. Moreover, as Polanyi interprets the concept of “economy” from Aristotle, the term of “economy” includes “community”, “self-sufficiency“, and “justice”, and it is a moral economic thought. The combination of this argument and 'Satoyama initiative', the practice of eco-diversity farming, becomes the foundation of “the action of Pinglin Taiwan Blue Magpie tea”. The action builds a new industrial model to break through the path of “cultural and creative gilded” industrial transformation. Meanwhile, this paper also addresses the Satoyama co-exist example of Oriental White Stork from Toyooka, Japan. With an analysis of this co-exist historical construction, the study traces why and how Toyooka developed 'the Oriental White Stork farming' through restoration of white storks to develop, and even established a strong support system. Finally, the research examines how the actors involving in Pinglin apply the model of Toyooka to develop the 'moral economy transformation' of tea industry, 'the action of Pinglin Taiwan Blue Magpie tea”. It also illustrates that the exclusive supporting system of Pinglin is constructed of several supporting units in different levels that are triggered by the events behind the action.