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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 曾鈞懋(Chun-Mao Tseng) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Chang-Syue Ji | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 暨昌學 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-16T08:22:37Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2019-01-30 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2014-03-18 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2014 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2014-01-27 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | 中文部分
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/58622 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 現有的認知對於大河異常洪水影響沿岸海洋之二氧化碳吸收為何還不明確，尤其是以河川佔主導地位的邊緣海域。本研究主要是探討2010年7月長江大洪水對於東海表水二氧化碳分壓與其海氣交換通量之影響。藉著2010年7月6日至17日利用海研一號932航次，於東海進行現場偵測大氣與海水中之二氧化碳分壓（fCO2）和水文參數。結果顯示，表水二氧化碳分壓濃度範圍介於97.3 ~ 467.4 uatm，平均值為291.7 ± 63.3 uatm (n = 1599)，大氣二氧化碳分壓濃度為380.2 ± 1.2 uatm (n = 686)。因為大洪水將大量的水和陸源物質以及營養鹽帶至東海，使得東海表水二氧化碳分壓存在一特殊的空間分佈。強烈生物作用主要發生在羽區內 (plume area) (即是長江沖淡水範圍內，Changjiang Diluted Water，CDW，鹽度小於31)，造成低二氧化碳分壓濃度 (249.7 ± 26.0 uatm)，約佔了整個航次總面積的50％；而具有高溫度、高鹽度及低營養與高二氧化碳分壓濃度之特性的水團 (即是台灣暖流水和黑潮水) 面積(13％)相較於來得少。整體而言，2010年7月大洪水事件促使東海成為強烈二氧化碳的匯 (~ -4.0 molC m-2 yr-1)。此外，本研究亦分析了過往14年 (1998-2011年) 的航次資料，得到了相同的結論，當CDW為主導水團時，因為高營養鹽和大量生物作用，加強了大氣二氧化碳的吸收。整體來說，長江大洪水明顯地增強東海二氧化碳吸收。進一步分析的結果表示，過去十幾年來，東海夏季7月大洪水之碳吸收量比起非洪水時期之碳吸收量多出約10倍。隨著自然環境的變遷使得大洪水事件發生的頻率可能會漸趨頻繁，為了解大洪水事件對於沿岸海洋二氧化碳吸收的貢獻度，所以我們需要長期地觀測並研究。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | The understanding of how anomalously large river floods affect the CO2 uptake in the coastal oceans, especially for the river-dominated marginal seas, is unclear. This study is to investigate the effect of the Changjiang flood in July 2010 on the surface distribution and air-sea exchange flux of CO2 in the East China Sea (ECS). We had performed the underway measurements of the air and sea surface fCO2 with hydrographic variables from July 7th to 17th 2010 during the flood event in the field survey of OR1-932. The results showed that fCO2w ranged from 97.3 to 467.4 uatm, with an average of 291.7 ± 63.3 (n=1599), which was under-saturated relative to atmospheric CO2 (380.2 ± 1.2 uatm, n=686). The fCO2 distribution exhibited a typical pattern spatially, varying from the normal summer. The serious flood brought huge amounts of runoff waters with terrigenous materials, including nutrients for phytoplankton, to the ECS. The flood-induced biological production largely took place in the plume area (i.e., Changjiang diluted water, CDW, Salinity <31‰) along with low fCO2 (249.7 ± 26.0 uatm), which occupied the 1/2 of total survey area. The high fCO2 waters associated with saline, warm oligotrophic waters (e.g., Taiwan Warm Current and Kuroshio waters) become less (13％ of total area) relative to the normal summer levels (58％). Overall, the flood in July 2010 induced a net strong CO2 sink (~-4.0 molC m-2 yr-1). Moreover, similar consequences of the floods in the ECS were observed from a 14-year observation (1998-2011) that the CDW, as dominated water mass, spread over the ECS along with high nutrient and high biomass growth and then strengthen the atmospheric CO2 uptake. Overall, the Changjiang floods significantly enhance the CO2 uptake in the ECS. The results further show the CO2 uptake in the ECS in July 1998 and 2010 about 10 times the amount during non-flooding periods in the past decades. As the frequencies of floods increase world wide as a result of climate change, the contribution and magnitude of the flood-enhanced CO2 uptake in the coastal ocean shall be further examined via a long-term observation. | en |
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| dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員審定書……………………………………………………… i
致謝…………………………………………………………………… ii 中文摘要……………………………………………………………… iii 英文摘要……………………………………………………………… iv 第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………1 1.1 研究背景……………………………………………………… 1 1.2 大河系統主導的邊緣海之碳化學簡介……………………… 3 1.3 降雨、水流量及洪水頻率增加之原因……………………… 5 1.4 東海文獻回顧………………………………………………… 7 1.5 研究動機與目的……………………………………………… 9 第二章 研究材料與方法…………………………………………… 11 2.1 研究區域………………………………………………………11 2.2 研究方法………………………………………………………13 2.3 儀器設備………………………………………………………13 2.4 採樣及分析……………………………………………………15 2.4.1 海水二氧化碳分壓(fCO2w)…………………………15 2.4.2 大氣二氧化碳分壓(fCO2a)…………………………15 2.5 其他參數之補助資料…………………………………………17 2.5.1 水文參數…………………………………………… 17 2.5.2 氣象資料…………………………………………… 17 2.6 內插計算方式…………………………………………………17 2.7 二氧化碳之海氣交換通量(CO2 Flux)計算…………………18 第三章 結果………………………………………………………… 19 3.1 水文與碳化學參數之空間分佈………………………………19 3.1.1 水文與化學參數之空間分佈及垂直密度分佈………19 3.1.2 大氣與表水二氧化碳(fCO2)之空間分佈……………21 3.1.3 表水二氧化碳分壓差值之空間分佈………………………… 22 第四章 討論………………………………………………………… 25 4.1 大洪水航次(OR1-932)之探討……………………………… 25 4.1.1 東海各水型特性與空間分佈…………………………25 4.1.2 二氧化碳航跡時序、水文及化學參數之關係………27 4.1.3 表水二氧化碳分壓(fCO2w)之控制機制探討……… 29 4.1.3.1 表水二氧化碳分壓(fCO2w)與溫度之關係…… 31 4.1.3.2 表水二氧化碳分壓(fCO2w)與鹽度之關係…… 33 4.1.3.3 表水二氧化碳分壓(fCO2w)與葉綠素a之關係…35 4.1.3.4 各水型控制機制之分析…………………………37 4.1.4 2010年7月東海二氧化碳海氣交換通量…………… 37 4.1.4.1 2010年7月東海二氧化碳海氣交換通量之空間分 佈…………………………………………………37 4.1.5 2010年7月東海各水型間之分析與比較…………… 40 4.2 東海夏季7月之大洪水年與非洪水年之分析與比較……… 42 4.2.1 水文及化學參數空間分佈圖…………………………42 4.2.2 水文及化學參數直方圖………………………………45 4.2.3 東海夏季7月航次水型比重及二氧化碳通量值…… 47 4.2.4 長江異常流量與二氧化碳海氣交換通量之關係……50 4.2.5 估算全球異常流量與二氧化碳海氣交換通量之關係53 第五章 結論………………………………………………………… 55 參考文獻……………………………………………………………… 56 圖 目 錄 圖 1.1 全球邊緣海之二氧化碳海氣交換通量研究圖…………… 2 圖 1.2 2013年年平均溫度變化趨勢圖…………………………… 6 圖 1.3 2013年夏季降雨量變化趨勢圖…………………………… 6 圖 1.4 東海過往二氧化碳研究之測站位置圖…………………… 8 圖 2.1 二氧化碳分壓自動分析系統示意圖………………………14 圖 2.2 大氣與表水二氧化碳分壓採樣設備架設示意圖…………16 圖 3.1 表水溫度、鹽度、葉綠素a、營養鹽、fCO2w、ΔfCO2 空間分佈圖…………………………………………………23 圖 3.2 密度的由南至北總共7條測線之垂直剖面圖…………… 24 圖 4.1 OR1_932航次之表水溫鹽分佈圖………………………… 26 圖 4.2 OR1_932航跡時序與水文及化學關係圖………………… 28 圖 4.3 混合層內fCO2w控制機制示意圖………………………… 30 圖 4.4 表水二氧化碳分壓(fCO2w)與溫度之關係……………… 32 圖 4.5 表水二氧化碳分壓(fCO2w) at 25℃與鹽度之關係…… 34 圖 4.6 表水二氧化碳分壓(fCO2w) at 25℃與葉綠素a之關係…36 圖 4.7 二氧化碳海氣交換通量之空間分佈圖……………………38 圖 4.8 各水型所佔比率、水文參數、ΔfCO2與CO2 Flux圖……41 圖 4.9 東海夏季7月之水文參數及表水二氧化碳分壓之空間 分佈圖………………………………………………………44 圖4.10 東海夏季7月水文及化學參數之直方圖………………… 46 圖4.11 東海夏季7月各水型佔研究區域之比重圖……………… 48 圖4.12 東海夏季7月之各水型之二氧化碳分壓差……………… 49 圖4.13 東海夏季7月之各水型之二氧化碳海氣交換通量……… 49 圖4.14 大通測水站全年長江水流量及二氧化碳海氣交換通量…51 圖4.15 不同長江水流量之二氧化碳通量變化……………………52 圖4.16 大河川影響全球二氧化碳通量之分佈圖…………………54 表 目 錄 表 1.1 前十大流量河川之水文資料………………………………4 表 1.2 大河系統之二氧化碳海氣交換通量………………………4 表 1.3 東海二氧化碳通量之過往文獻……………………………8 表 4.1 OR1_932研究區域各水型之水文及碳化學參數平均值…39 附錄……………………………………………………………………62 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.title | 長江大洪水事件增強東海表水二氧化碳分壓之吸收力 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Changjiang floods enhance the CO2 uptake of the East China Sea | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 102-1 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 劉康克,陳宗岳,陳世楠 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 東海,長江水流量,二氧化碳海氣交換通量,大洪水,長江沖淡水, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | East China Sea,Changjiang discharge,air-sea CO2 exchange flux,flood,Changjiang diluted water, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 63 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2014-01-27 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 理學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 海洋研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 海洋研究所 | |
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