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標題: | 小型超彈性單軸制振裝置之設計開發 Design and Development of Small Superelastic Uniaxial Damping Device |
作者: | Chia-Hung Li 黎家宏 |
指導教授: | 黃光裕(Kuang-Yuh Huang) |
關鍵字: | 振動隔離,形狀記憶合金,超彈性,電容感測,主動制振,零點控制, Vibration isolation,Shape memory alloy,Superelasticity,Capacitance sensor,Active vibration control,Zero point control, |
出版年 : | 2020 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 現今許多精密量測儀器會仰賴光學平台或隔振桌阻絕外部干擾振動,但此類設備通常占地大且難以移動,使用彈性較低,相反地,小型化制振裝置可視制振任務需求調動與配置,可單個使用或以陣列方式搭配使用,具有較高使用彈性。 本論文的目的在於開發小型化制振裝置,利用超彈性線材之高彈性與高遲滯阻尼特性,搭配扁圓形形狀達到被動隔振功能。裝置同時整合電容式差動量測單元與電磁線圈單元,透過面積電容原理設計開發出長行程位移感測系統,差動式量測可抑制雜訊與提高靈敏度,配合電磁線圈單元與零點控制策略,達成可長時運作之閉迴路主動制振功能。 裝置整體體積直徑80 mm × 高138 mm。以實驗證明超彈性線圈剛性與阻尼特性可藉由改變形狀來調整,並能以墊圈方式調整裝置動態特性。裝置經由自然振動、衝擊起振與諧波起振測試,獲得被動共振頻率約在9.9至12.5 Hz之間,最大阻尼比可達0.1209。電容式差動量測單元在行程範圍5 mm 線性誤差低於3.87 %,解析度最大可達5.2 μm。主動制振功能作用下可抑制共振頻率,並降低峰值最多達58 %。 Many precision measuring instruments today rely on optical platforms or vibration isolation tables to isolate external vibrations, but such devices are usually bulky and difficult to move, making them inconvenient to use. Instead, the miniaturized vibration damping device can be configured according to the task requirements, and can be used singly or in multiple, making them more convenient. The aim of this thesis is to design and develop a small vibration damping device. To achieve passive vibration isolation, the high elasticity and hysteresis damping characteristics of superelastic wire with the flat-circle shape is used. The device includes a capacitive differential measurement unit and an electromagnetic coil unit. The long-stroke displacement sensing system is developed through the principle of area-variation-based capacitive. Differential measurement can suppress noise and improve sensitivity. With the electromagnetic coil unit and the principle of zero control, long-term closed-loop active vibration control can be achieved. The dimension of the device is 80 mm in diameter and 138 mm in height. Experiments have proved that the stiffness and damping of the superelastic coil can be adjusted by changing the shape, and the dynamic characteristics of the device can be adjusted by washer. The device has been tested with natural vibration, impulse and harmonic vibration to obtain a passive resonance frequency between 9.9 and 12.5 Hz, with a maximum damping ratio of 0.1209. The capacitive sensor has linearity of 3.87 % in the measurement range of 5 mm, and the resolution can be up to 5.2 μm. The resonance frequency can be suppressed in active vibration control, and reduce amplification at resonance up to 58 %. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/58594 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202001453 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 機械工程學系 |
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