桃園航空城區段徵收範圍內桃園農田水利會埤塘漁業之研究

Abstract

桃園臺地居民基於灌溉及養殖用水之需求而開鑿埤塘，然而於2003年通過的《水利法》禁止埤塘從事養殖水產活動，更因「桃園航空城」之徵收計畫而使得埤塘養殖活動受到進一步地衝擊。本研究藉由問卷調查與相關埤塘養殖漁業資料之整理，探究桃園航空城區段徵收範圍內桃園農田水利會埤塘漁業之經營現況，以及取得養殖戶之看法，以提供相關政策規劃之建議。其中，問卷之內容包括埤塘資料、養殖戶資料及經驗看法與建議事項等三大項。以敘述統計方法呈現部分問卷資料之特性。 研究結果主要有以下三項發現。首先，在桃園縣各漁業生產量值中，養殖漁業於2002~2011年間提供了數量最多且價格最低廉之漁產物。其次，養殖戶與埤塘具高地緣性，而養殖戶皆為60~70歲居多的男性，教育程度以國小為最多，經營模式則以合夥形式為主。第三項研究結果則是，埤塘養殖每年採捕次數以一次為多，且雖有11種魚種，但是以吳郭魚之放養面積最多。 根據上述之研究結果與問卷受訪者所提供之看法，本研究之研究建議包括適度開放埤塘養殖漁業之經營、控管埤塘水質、保護徵收後埤塘漁民之權益、提升養殖戶之經營能力與建立產銷制度、以及推廣埤塘漁業文化等五項。

The ponds in Taoyuan tableland result from the need for irrigation and aquaculture. However, the Water Resource Act passed in 2003 prohibited the continual aquacultural activities. Moreover, the expropriation plans of Taoyuan Aerotropolis have the further impacts on pond aquaculture. Through the survey and relevant document studies, the main objective of this study is to investigate the current operation situation of pond fisheries in Taoyuan Irrigation Association within the expropriation zone of Taoyuan Aerotropolis. Meanwhile, the study collects opinions from aquaculture producers. The study is expected to provide suggestions for government policy planning. The content of questionnaire covers the pond information, the data of aquaculture producers, and producers’ operation experience and opinions. The method of descriptive statistics analysis is conducted. The findings of the study are as follows. Firstly, the aquaculture provided aquatic products with the largest quantity and the lowest price among Taoyuan County fisheries during 2002-2011. Secondly, aquaculture producers have significant geographic relations with ponds. They are all males with the age mostly around 60-70 years old and receive only elementary education. The form of business is partnership. Finally, the catch frequency of aquacultural products is once a year at most. Although there are 11 fish species in ponds, the aquacultural production area of tilapia is largest among them. According to the findings mentioned above and opinions collected from producers, the suggestions of the study include moderately opening the operation of pond aquaculture fisheries, controlling the water quality of ponds, protecting the rights of aquaculture producers after expropriation, improving operation ability of producers and establishing production and marketing systems, and promoting the culture of pond aquaculture fisheries.