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Title: | 以穩定性同位素組成探討尖頭細身飛魚之洄游動向及食性階層 Migratory patterns and trophic niche of flying fish Hirundichthys oxycephalus inferred by stable isotope composition |
Authors: | Ying-Ching Yuan 袁瀠晴 |
Advisor: | 蕭仁傑 |
Keyword: | 飛魚,耳石,洄游,穩定性同位素,食物網結構, Flying fish,Otolith,Migration,Stable isotope,Food web, |
Publication Year : | 2014 |
Degree: | 碩士 |
Abstract: | 飛魚廣泛分布於熱帶及副熱帶海域,以浮游動物為食並且也是大型魚類所捕食的對象,在食物鏈中屬於低階消費者,飛魚除了擔任重要的能量傳遞者之外,同時也有助於穩固食物鏈的生態平衡。臺灣飛魚漁業可分為兩類:一為臺灣東北部的飛魚卵漁業,漁汛期為4 ~ 7月;一為臺灣東南部的飛魚漁業,魚汛期為3 ~ 6月。尖頭細身飛魚 (Hirundichthys oxycephalus) 為臺灣東北部飛魚卵漁業捕獲對象的親魚,亦為臺灣東部海域飛魚優勢種之一,近年來漁獲量的減少使得飛魚及飛魚卵漁業管理問題引起重視。本研究針對尖頭細身飛魚進行洄游動向研究,此外也探討臺灣東部海域9種飛魚魚種與大型魚類間的食物位階。飛魚樣本採自日本五島、臺灣基隆、花蓮及綠島,本研究針對上述樣本進行耳石進行穩定性碳氧同位素分析來推算生活史經歷溫度,並且配合海表溫來推測魚體是否進行日本與臺灣間的大尺度洄游,結果顯示日本五島所採魚體均有進行日本與臺灣間的大尺度洄游;基隆、花蓮及綠島所採集的魚體除了會在日本與臺灣進行大尺度洄游外,也有在當地海域棲息或隨著特定溫度的水團進行游動,顯示尖頭細身飛魚在臺灣東部海域有相當多元的洄游生活史。而在臺灣東部海域15種大型魚類與9種飛魚物種進行肌肉穩定性碳氮同位素分析的結果顯示,9種飛魚以黑鰭鬚唇飛魚 (Cheilopogon cyanopterus) 食物階層最高,白鰭鬚唇飛魚最低 (Cheilopogon unicolor),而東部海域大型魚類與飛魚約有兩個食物階層的差異。穩定性碳氮同位素結果顯示飛魚食物來源均為海源性碳源,旗魚科 (Istiophoridae)、劍旗魚 (Xiphias gladius)、鬼頭刀 (Coryphaena hippurus) 及鋸峰齒鮫 (Prionace glauca) 皆可能是飛魚的掠食者,此研究結果對飛魚的基礎個體生態學提供長足的了解,並可作為飛魚漁業管理之參考。 Flying fishes (Exocoetidae) distribute worldwide in tropical and sub-tropical waters. In the pelagic food web, flying fish serve as a low trophic-level consumer feeding mainly on zooplankton. The eggs of Hirundichthys oxycephalus are harvested off northeastern Taiwan between April and July and adult fish are the major targeted species off the southeastern coast of Taiwan between March and June. In this study, we analyzed the otolith stable oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of the flying fish (Hirundichthys oxycephalus) collected from the coastal waters of Keelung, Hualien, Green Island, and Goto Island, Japan to reconstruct their migratory patterns. We also analyzed the muscle stable carbon and nitrogen isotope composition of the 9 flying fish species and 15 large fish from the waters off eastern Taiwan in order to understand the food web structure. Otolith stable oxygen isotopic composition shows that H. oxycephalus collected from Goto Island all migrated between Japan and Taiwan; H. oxycephalus collected from Keelung, Hualien and Green Island show different migratory life histories, one migrated between Japan and Taiwan, the others were local residence or stay in specific temperature waters. These results suggest diversified migratory patterns of H. oxycephalus in the waters off eastern Taiwan. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition shows that Cheilopogon cyanopterus has the highest δ15N value and Cheilopogon unicolor has the lowest δ15N value in the 9 flying fish species. There are two trophic levels differences between large predator fish and flying fish in the waters of eastern Taiwan. Muscle δ13C values suggested that flying fish is one of the main prey fed by the Istiophoridae, Xiphias gladius, Coryphaena hippurus and Prionace glauca. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/57591 |
Fulltext Rights: | 有償授權 |
Appears in Collections: | 海洋研究所 |
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