石門水庫集水區台灣鏟頷魚溪流增殖放流之研究

Abstract

台灣溪流魚類研究大多以族群分佈、生殖生物與生態環境為主，卻鮮少有標識放流的相關研究，而標識魚類後放流通常是研究魚群大小、移動。魚苗放流通常短時間大量標識，因此如何找出省時、成本低、合適標識方法且檢測容易是非常重要的研究課題。本研究目的為利用液態氮冷烙與浸泡四環黴素雙重標識法研究石門水庫集水區台灣鏟頷魚（Onychostoma barbatulum）增殖放流。在2011年11月24日放流600尾、2012年6月11日放流1,100尾、2012年9月12日放流1,000尾於石門水庫集水區上游雪霧鬧溪，在2012年6月11日放流後連續兩個月因颱風侵襲導致放流魚無法回收再捕。 在殘存率與標識留存率方面，側線組與空白組之間沒有顯著差異，但腹部組跟側線組與空白組有顯著差異(P<0.05)。資源量方面利用Petersen法估得前期資源量尾數估值介於1,636±28 - 4,428±39之間，後期介於1,233±14 - 2,509±23之間。放流貢獻率前期介於13.6% - 36.7% 之間，後期介於39.9% - 81.1% 之間。 利用Ricker修正式估得前期放流相似年級群資源量尾數估值介於1,824±16 - 4,307±27之間，後期資源量尾數估值介於43±4 - 1,502±12之間。放流貢獻率前期介於16.0% - 23.9% 之間，後期介於17.3% - 66.0% 之間。因此利用魚體背部冷烙標識及浸泡四環黴素的雙重標識法可以有效用來估算該河段台灣鏟頷魚的資源承載量。 關鍵字：台灣鏟頷魚、雙重標識、增殖放流、族群量、放流貢獻率

Most studies on population distribution, reproduction biology and environment ecology of freshwater fish in Taiwan, but about population size, movement, and assessment of wild population were a few. They can be approached by release and recapture of marking fish. The mass fish fry were usually marked and released in a short time. Therefore, to find the appropriately marking methods with time-saving, low cost, and easy detecting is important. The purpose of this study is to investigate the stream proliferation stocking of Taiwan shovelijaw carp (Onychostoma barbatulum) by a liquid nitrogen branding and tetracycline immersing double marking method in Shihmen Reservoir watershed. Six hundred individuals in 24 November 2011, one thousand and one hundred in 11 June 2012 and one thousand in 14 September 2012 were stocking to the Xuewunao stream in Shihmen Reservoir watershed. Among them, the stocking individuals in 11 June 2012 were all not recovered because there were two continued typhoon invaded for following two months. The survival and mark retention rates for the lateral line treatment and the control treatment were not significant different, however they were significantly different with that of the abdomen treatment (P<0.05) in previous tests. The estimated population size in the experimental sectors were 1,636±28 - 4,428±39 for the first period between November 2011 and April 2012 and 1,233±14 - 2,509±23 for the second period between September 2012 and August 2013 by Petersen method. The stocking contribution rates were 13.6%- 36.7% for the first period and 39.9%- 81.1% for the second period. The estimated population size for the stocking cohort was 1,824±16 - 4,307±27 for the period between November 2011 and April 2012, and was 43±4 - 1,520±12 for the period between September 2012 and August 2013 by Ricker method. The stocking contribution rates were 16.0%- 23.9% for the first period and 17.3%- 66.0% for the second period. Therefore, the population capacity for the Taiwan shovelijaw carp in the sectors can be effectively estimated by a liquid nitrogen branding and tetracycline immersing double marking method. Keywords：Onychostoma barbatulum, Double marking, Proliferation stocking, Population size, Contribution rate