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http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/56834完整後設資料紀錄
| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 陳昭瑩 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Yi-Ting Chen | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 陳枻廷 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-16T05:51:27Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2019-08-11 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2014-08-11 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2014 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2014-08-08 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | 1. 柯勇。2002。植物生理學。藝軒圖書出版社。726p。
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/56834 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 鈣是植物體內必需的重要元素，在植物抗病防禦反應具有重要功能。已知阿拉伯芥細胞內的鈣離子可以和攜鈣素(calmodulin)結合形成複合體，調節水楊酸相關防禦反應，植物體內鈣離子含量增加時過氧化氫含量也會增加，進而啟動防禦路徑；在應用方面，已知在蘋果葉面噴灑氯化鈣可以有效防治蘋果瘡痂病。百合是臺灣的重要花卉作物之一，栽培期間常受到灰黴病菌Botrytis elliptica的感染，造成切花生產之嚴重損失。現行百合灰黴病的管理方法主要是藥劑防治，為了減少化學藥劑的使用量，本研究嘗試利用微粒鈣(m-CaCO3)以及氯化鈣(CaCl2)，噴灑於葵百合葉片，分析其對灰黴病的防治效果，並探討其作用機制。結果發現施用微粒鈣及氯化鈣均可降低病害的嚴重度，微粒鈣及氯化鈣對B. elliptica的孢子發芽及發芽管延長並無影響，故認為微粒鈣及氯化鈣是藉由誘導植物增加抗病性來達到抑制病害的效果。顯微觀察的結果顯示在接種前1天施用微粒鈣及氯化鈣可以提早百合葉片癒傷葡聚醣的累積；並使百合葉片之過氧化氫含量下降，不利於B. elliptica的感染。由於氯化鈣可增加百合葉片水楊酸含量，而微粒鈣可促進茉莉酸調節防禦反應之LsVSP2基因表現量上升，以及增加LsPR10基因之表現量，暗示微粒鈣及氯化鈣可活化不同的防禦路徑，以增進百合葉片對B. elliptica之抵抗能力，進而減少灰黴病菌對百合的危害；此外在田間防治試驗中使用微粒鈣可以有效地減少灰黴病的嚴重度。綜合以上之結果推斷，微粒鈣及氯化鈣具有防治百合灰黴病的應用潛力，可望開發為減少化學藥劑使用及維護消費者健康的綠色資材。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Calcium is an essential element in plants and has important functions for plant defense. Calcium can bind calmodulin to modulate salicylic acid-mediated plant defense in Arabidopsis. The increase of calcium concentration can induce accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, further activate defense pathways. In practical application, foliar spray of calcium chloride (CaCl2) is known to suppress apple leaf scab. Lilies, a flower crop with economic importance in Taiwan, are often infected by Botrytis elliptica, a fungal pathogen of gray mold, that causes a servere loss in cut-flower production. Traditional control measure of lily gray mold is the use of chemical pesticides. To reduce the use of fungicides, foliar spray of micro-calcium carbonate (m-CaCO3) and CaCl2 instead of fungicides were applied to test their suppressive effect on lily gray mold and perform mechanism study of disease control in this study. In addition, lily ‘Stargazer’ transcriptome was established before analysis of the expression of defense-related genes after calcium treatment. The results of biocontrol assay indicated that m-CaCO3 and CaCl2 could suppress disease development of lily gray mold. Since spore germination and germ tube elongation of B. elliptica were not inhibited by m-CaCO3 and CaCl2, suppressing fungal attacke via activation of plant defense by these calcium compounds was presumed. The microscopical examination showed that callose deposition appeared earlier while inoculated with B. elliptica at one day after calcium treatment, indicating a priming effect of plant defense could be conducted by these calcium compounds. Reduction of hydrogen peroxide concentration supported suppressive effect on B. elliptica infection by these calcium compounds. However, increase of salicylic acid concentration and expressions of LsVSP2 and LsPR10 by micro-carbonate but not calcium chloride treatment indicated different defense pathways activated. In addition, the control efficacy of lily gray mold by micro-carbonate was further demonstrated in field assays. Thus, these calcium compounds are potential agents for the control of lily gray mold and can be developed as green materials for the reduction of fungicide use. | en |
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| dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
壹、中文摘要 1 貳、英文摘要 2 参、前言 4 肆、前人研究 6 一、百合灰黴病之發生 6 二、植物防禦反應之研究 7 三、活性氧與植物抗性之關係 8 四、鈣對植物的重要性 9 五、鈣在植物抗病上扮演之角色 10 六、植物轉錄體分析 11 伍、材料與方法 12 一、 供試菌株之培養與保存 12 1. 供試菌株培養 12 2. 供試菌株保存 12 二、 溫室植物栽培 12 三、 處理用化合物 13 四、 罹病級數及統計分析方法 13 五、 百合轉錄體的建立 14 1. 百合總 RNA抽取 14 2. 定序組裝及基因之註解與分類 15 3. 重要防禦相關基因表現量分析 15 六、 評估鈣防治百合灰黴病的效果 16 七、 微粒鈣及一般碳酸鈣之防治效果及水懸浮能力比較 16 1. 防治效果 16 2. 懸浮能力 16 八、 鈣對於百合灰黴病的保護及治療效果測試 16 1. 保護效果測試 16 2. 治療效果測試 16 九、 鈣防治百合花灰黴病效果測試 17 十、 比較不同pH值微粒鈣之防治效果 17 十一、 鈣防治百合灰黴病之效果持久性測試 17 十二、 百合灰黴病整合防治 17 十三、 微粒鈣之防治百合灰黴病田間應用試驗 17 十四、 微粒鈣在OT雜交型百合耶羅琳對百合灰黴病之防治效果測試 18 十五、 鈣對於百合灰黴病菌孢子發芽抑制效果 18 十六、 微粒鈣在百合葉片上的分布情形 18 十七、 處理鈣化合物後之百合葉片鈣含量之探討 18 十八、 鈣於百合灰黴病之防治機制探討 19 1. 癒傷葡聚醣(callose)染色觀察 19 2. 過氧化氫之螢光染色 19 3. 過氧化氫萃取與偵測 19 4. 抗氧化酵素活性測試 20 十九、 百合葉片全水楊酸含量之定量 20 1. 試驗植株及處理 20 2. 百合葉片水楊酸抽取 20 3. 水楊酸高效能液相層析儀分析 21 二十、 防禦相關基因表現分析 21 陸、結果 23 一、 百合轉錄體建立及防禦相關基因資訊分析 23 1. 百合轉錄體建立 23 2. GO基因分類 23 3. 重要防禦反應基因表現量分析 24 二、 評估鈣防治百合灰黴病的效果 24 三、 微粒鈣與一般碳酸鈣之防病效果比較 25 四、 微粒鈣與一般碳酸鈣水懸浮能力比較 25 五、 鈣對於百合灰黴病之保護及治療效果 25 1. 保護效果 25 2. 治療效果 25 六、 鈣處理對百合花瓣之灰黴病防治效果 26 七、 不同pH值微粒鈣之防治效果比較 26 八、 鈣防治百合灰黴病之效果持久性測試 26 九、 百合灰黴病整合性防治 26 十、 微粒鈣之防治百合灰黴病田間應用試驗 27 1. 平均罹病級數 27 2. 株高測量 27 3. 花苞數 28 十一、 微粒鈣處理對OT雜交型百合耶羅琳之灰黴病防治效果 28 十二、 鈣對於百合灰黴病菌孢子發芽之抑制效果 28 十三、 微粒鈣在百合葉片上之分布情形 28 十四、 葉面處理鈣化合物對百合葉片鈣含量之影響 29 十五、 鈣於防治百合灰黴病之機制探討 29 1. 鈣處理對癒傷葡聚醣累積之影響 29 2. 葉片過氧化氫之螢光染色 29 3. 鈣對百合葉片過氧化氫含量的影響 29 4. 鈣處理對接種灰黴病菌之百合葉片過氧化酶含量的影響 30 5. 鈣處理對接種灰黴病菌之百合葉片水楊酸含量的影響 30 6. 鈣處理對接種灰黴病菌之百合葉片防禦相關基因表現的影響 31 柒、討論 32 捌、參考文獻 38 玖、圖表集 47 表一、葵百合轉錄體 48 表二、灰黴病菌感染之百合不同表現量的基因數(總contig數目73,307個) 49 表三、具4倍以上表現量差異之GO分類基因數 50 表四、防禦相關基因表現量分析 51 圖一、百合灰黴病發病指數 52 圖二、百合灰黴病田間發病級數 53 圖三、田間試驗流程 54 圖四、葵百合轉錄體NGS序列的GC含量分布圖 55 圖五、葵百合轉錄體GC 含量和序列長度的關係圖 56 圖六、以細胞生物活性為分類依據的葵百合轉錄體GO序列分類 57 圖七、以細胞組成為依據之葵百合轉錄體GO序列分類 58 圖八、以分子生物功能做為依據的葵百合轉錄體GO序列分類 59 圖九、含鈣化合物對於百合灰黴病的防治效果 60 圖十、微粒鈣與一般碳酸鈣對百合灰黴病的防治效果 61 圖十一、微粒鈣與一般碳酸鈣於水中懸浮時間比較 62 圖十二、鈣處理對百合灰黴病之保護及治療效果 63 圖十三、鈣處理對百合花灰黴病的防治效果 64 圖十四、不同pH值之微粒鈣對百合灰黴病的防治效果 65 圖十五、鈣處理對防治百合灰黴病之效果持久性 66 圖十六、百合灰黴病整合性防治 67 圖十七、田間測試不同濃度微粒鈣處理對百合灰黴病的防治效果 68 圖十八、田間測試不同濃度微粒鈣處理對百合植株生長之影響 69 圖十九、微粒鈣對OT雜交型百合耶羅琳灰黴病的防治效果 70 圖二十、鈣對於灰黴病菌孢子發芽的抑制能力 71 圖二十一、低真空掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察微粒鈣於百合葉片噴灑後的分佈 72 圖二十二、百合葉面處理微粒鈣或氯化鈣後之葉片鈣含量 73 圖二十三、鈣處理對接種灰黴病菌之百合葉片癒傷葡聚醣累積之影響 74 圖二十四、鈣處理對百合葉片過氧化氫含量之影響 75 圖二十五、鈣處理對接種灰黴病菌之百合葉片過氧化氫含量之影響 76 圖二十六、鈣處理對接種灰黴病菌之百合葉片過氧化酶含量之影響 77 圖二十七、鈣處理對接種灰黴病菌之百合葉片水楊酸含量之影響 78 圖二十八、鈣處理對接種灰黴病菌之百合葉片防禦相關基因表現之影響 79 拾、附錄 80 附錄一、用於半定量反轉錄聚合酶連鎖反應之百合基因及其引子序列 81 附錄二、LsPR10胺基酸序列比對 82 附錄三、Ls EF-1α胺基酸序列比對 83 附錄四、LsVSP2胺基酸序列比對 84 附錄五、LsCaM胺基酸序列比對 85 附錄六、LsRBOH F胺基酸序列比對 87 附錄七、LsPR1胺基酸序列比對 88 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | Botrytis elliptica | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 癒傷葡聚醣 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 過氧化氫 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 水楊酸 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 植物防禦相關基因 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 微粒鈣 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 百合灰黴病 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | hydrogen peroxide | en |
| dc.subject | callose | en |
| dc.subject | Botrytis elliptic | en |
| dc.subject | calcium | en |
| dc.subject | plant defense-related genes | en |
| dc.subject | salicylic acid | en |
| dc.subject | Lily gray mold | en |
| dc.title | 鈣於百合灰黴病之防治應用及機制研究 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Application of calcium on the control of lily gray mold and the mechanism study | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 102-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 鍾文鑫,林詩舜,鍾嘉綾,李青澔 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 百合灰黴病,微粒鈣,Botrytis elliptica,癒傷葡聚醣,過氧化氫,水楊酸,植物防禦相關基因, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Lily gray mold,calcium, Botrytis elliptic,callose, hydrogen peroxide,salicylic acid,plant defense-related genes, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 88 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2014-08-08 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 植物病理與微生物學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 植物病理與微生物學系 | |
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