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http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/55391完整後設資料紀錄
| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 黃耀輝 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Yi-Chen Wang | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 王藝蒖 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-16T04:00:00Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2020-03-12 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2015-03-12 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2014 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2014-11-14 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | ATSDR, Toxguide for beryllium. 2002. Accessed on May, 2014 at http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxguides/toxguide-4.pdf
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/55391 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 人體血清中之金屬濃度可作為人體暴露於環境中所有外在金屬之生物監測指標。本研究目的藉由分析臺灣學齡前兒童血清中16種金屬元素濃度,建立台灣學齡前兒童血清中金屬濃度之背景參考值,以及透過地理資訊系統(GIS)探討臺灣學齡前兒童血清中銦、鎵元素濃度分布狀況,及其與全臺灣相關科技產業分佈之相關性。
本研究個案取自民國一百年國民健康局學齡前兒童血液中鉛濃度調查研究計畫,以國內區、市、鎮、鄉各級行政地區為基礎,以分層隨機抽樣方式選取具代表性之各級行政區域,再選取這些行政區域內就讀幼稚園的兒童參與研究計畫。問卷資料蒐集包含家庭社經因素、雙親教育程度及居住環境金屬暴露狀況等。完成本研究血清金屬濃度分析之孩童共有617名,以感應耦合電漿質譜儀進行血清中鈹、錳、銅、鋅、硒、銠、鎘、銦、鎵、銻、鎢、銥、鉑、鉈、鉛、鈾等16種金屬元素之分析。 探討臺灣學齡前兒童血清中銦、鎵元素濃度分布與臺灣相關科技產業分佈之相關性係連結研究個案住家地址與國內使用鎵、銦原物料工廠之位置。本研究使用銦原物料之工廠包括面板廠、氧化銦錫濺鍍靶製造廠、氧化銦錫濺鍍靶回收廠、面板回收廠、發光二極體中上游製造廠、第三代太陽能廠等。使用鎵原物料之工廠有半導體廠、發光二極體中上游製造廠、第三代太陽能廠等。透過地理資訊系統分別統計出每位研究個案住家半徑5公里、10公里、20公里範圍內使用鎵、銦原物料之工廠數。 本研究之血清金屬含量分析結果顯示各金屬元素背景參考值以銅1197 μg/L、鋅1090 μg/L、硒115 μg/L最高,其次為銻5.84 μg/L、錳4.61 μg/L、鎵1.88 μg/L、鉛1.68 μg/L,另外鎢0.207 μg/L、鎘0.142 μg/L、銥0.0917 μg/L、鉑0.0471 μg/L、銦0.0449 μg/L、鈾0.0446 μg/L、鉈0.0442 μg/L、銠0.0160 μg/L等元素濃度較低,鈹之平均濃度低於偵測極限值0.024 μg/L。在臺灣北、中、南、東、離島五個地理區之間,除血清中鎘與硒濃度之外,其餘血清中14種金屬濃度與居住地理區均有達顯著差異(p<0.05),鈹、鉛濃度以北部最高,銅、鎵濃度以東部最高,銻與鉑濃度以中部最高外,其餘金屬元素皆是以居住於離島的學齡前孩童之濃度最高。依行政區域等級區、市、鎮、鄉之區分,顯示除了血清中鎘、銥、鉛等金屬濃度外,其餘13種血清中金屬濃度與行政區域等級均有達顯著差異(p<0.05),其中血清中鈹、銠、鉑濃度以區級行政區域最高,銅、硒濃度以市級行政區域最高,鋅、鎢、鉈以鄉級行政區域最高,其餘金屬元素濃度皆以鎮級行政區域最高。若針對先前國民健康局學齡前兒童血液中鉛濃度調查研究計畫中相對應之全血金屬濃度來比較,元素鉛於本研究個案全血樣本中平均濃度為血清樣本中平均濃度的102.1倍,其次為鈹20.3倍,錳6.62倍,鎘3.01倍,鋅4.59倍,鈾0.586倍,銅0.802倍,銻為0.684倍。硒在本研究個案全血樣本與血清樣本中平均濃度比接近1:1,鉛、錳、銅、鋅、硒等金屬在全血與血清中濃度比值與過去文獻結果趨勢相似。本研究個案血清中錳濃度背景參考值為4.61 μg/L,明顯較其他國家之學齡前孩童為高,且本研究個案血清中錳濃度隨其住家與雙線道路距離增加而濃度減少,顯示交通排放可能為孩童體內錳暴露的原因之一。 研究個案住家附近使用鎵、銦原物料工廠之分布與個案血清中鎵、銦濃度之間並未發現明顯相關性。未來研究必須有效排除銦、鎵暴露之干擾因素,像是針對個別半導體廠、面板廠之規模或鎵、銦原物料使用量、生產量進行加權比較,以便更具體反映出實際上之可能暴露程度,再與人體內之鎵、銦濃度進行連結,以釐清新興科技產業是否對人體造成銦、鎵等金屬之暴露狀況。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-16T04:00:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-103-R01841006-1.pdf: 914667 bytes, checksum: 95cd4ddd8448ba33f656b1abf4b0f0bd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 摘要 II
ABSTRACT III 目錄 V 表目錄 VIII 圖目錄 IX 第一章 前言 1 第二章 研究目的 2 第三章 文獻探討 3 3.1 金屬暴露與健康 3 3.2 常見體內金屬分布與健康影響 3 3.2.1 鈹 (Beryllium, Be) 3 3.2.2 錳 (Manganese, Mn) 4 3.2.3 鎘 (Cadmium, Cd) 4 3.2.4 鉛 (Lead, Pb) 5 3.2.5 銦 (Indium, In) 5 3.2.6 鎵 (Gallium, Ga) 6 3.2.7 其他人體的必需元素 7 3.2.8 其他稀有元素 8 3.3 人體血清中金屬濃度監測 9 3.4 全血與血清中金屬分布之相關 9 3.5 孩童、青少年血清中多重金屬元素分布狀況 10 3.6 科技產業金屬使用狀況 11 第四章 材料與方法 13 4.1 研究對象選取 13 4.1.1 研究個案收集 13 4.1.2 問卷資料收集 13 4.1.3 血液樣本採集 14 4.2 學齡前兒童血清分析 14 4.2.1 血清檢體保存 14 4.2.2 試藥與試劑 14 4.2.3 血清樣本前處理 15 4.2.4 檢量線配置 16 4.2.5 元素分析 16 4.3 品質管制 16 4.3.1 儀器調校 16 4.3.2 分析品質管制 17 4.3.3 偵測極限: 17 4.4 研究個案與產業座落分布資訊 18 4.4.1 地理資訊系統(GIS) 18 4.4.2 國土利用資訊 18 4.4.3 研究個案地理定位 18 4.4.4 使用鎵、銦原物料工廠之地理定位 19 4.4.5 地理資訊系統操作分析 20 4.5 統計分析 20 第五章 結果 22 5.1 基本人口學資料與居家環境統計 22 5.2 研究個案血清中金屬濃度分析 22 5.3 研究個案血清中金屬濃度之常態分佈檢驗 23 5.4 研究個案血清中金屬濃度與居住區之單變量分析 23 5.5 研究個案全血與血清中金屬元素濃度相關性 23 5.6 人口學及環境與金屬濃度之相關性 24 5.7 研究個案血清中金屬濃度之相關性分析 26 5.8 研究個案住家附近使用鎵、銦原物料工廠之分布 26 5.9 研究個案住家附近使用鎵、銦原物料工廠分布與血清中鎵、銦濃度之相關性 28 第六章 討論 30 6.1 孩童血清中金屬濃度分布狀況探討 30 6.2 研究個案全血與血清中金屬元素濃度相關性探討 33 6.3 血清中金屬濃度之可能影響因子 34 6.4 新興科技產業分布對孩童銦、鎵暴露之影響 36 第七章 結論與建議 38 第八章 參考文獻 39 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 感應耦合電漿質譜儀 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 血清 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 生物偵測 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 微量金屬 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 學齡前孩童 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | serum | en |
| dc.subject | inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry | en |
| dc.subject | preschool children | en |
| dc.subject | trace elements | en |
| dc.subject | biological monitoring | en |
| dc.title | 臺灣學齡前兒童血清中金屬濃度分布及其影響因子探討 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Distributions of Metal Levels in Serum Samples of the Preschool Children in Taiwan and the Affecting Factors | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 103-1 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 陳保中,郭育良,莊弘毅 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 血清,生物偵測,微量金屬,學齡前孩童,感應耦合電漿質譜儀, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | serum,biological monitoring,trace elements,preschool children,inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 84 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2014-11-17 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 公共衛生學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 職業醫學與工業衛生研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位: | 職業醫學與工業衛生研究所 | |
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