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DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 鍾仁賜 | |
dc.contributor.author | Cheng-Han Yang | en |
dc.contributor.author | 楊承翰 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-16T03:47:09Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2015-02-25 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2015-02-25 | |
dc.date.issued | 2014 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2015-01-29 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/55098 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 有機農業是對於環境友善,並達到自然資源永續利用,進而生產安全自然農產品的農業生產管理系統。近年來,隨著環保意識普及與食品安全問題受到重視,實行有機農法的風氣隨之漸盛。有機質肥料除能提供作物所需的養分外,亦可作為土壤生態系統的能量來源,以及具有改善土壤生物、理化性質的功能。然而,不同有機質肥料因其特性的差異,會對土壤造成不同的改變,因此,瞭解不同有機質肥料對土壤造成的影響,可以作為田間合理施肥的依據。本研究以長期施用不同有機質肥料為處理的溫室長期試驗田之作物栽培土壤為樣本,探討長期 (13年) 施用不同有機質肥料,對於土壤化學性質及生物特性之影響。處理分別為:牛糞堆肥 (CDC)、豬糞堆肥 (HDC)、雞糞堆肥 (CHC)、大豆粕 (SBM)、豌豆苗殘體堆肥 (PRC) 與輪施 (RA)。結果顯示,在本研究的六種處理中,長期施用豬糞堆肥之土壤有最高的土壤有機質、總磷、總鉀含量,亦在土壤呼吸作用、硝化作用等生物特性及各酵素活性上有最高的測值。反觀具最低有機質含量的大豆粕處理之土壤,其在各生物特性與酵素活性的測值亦是最低的,表示土壤生物活性與土壤有機質的累積含量有關。大豆粕有較高比例的易分解氮源,故於難分解的氮庫中的儲存量顯著少於其它處理。豬糞堆肥、雞糞堆肥與輪施處理則有較多穩定的磷形態,導致鹽酸萃取磷的濃度較高。不同有機質肥料對革蘭氏陽性菌、革蘭氏陰性菌、放線菌與真菌群落的比例改變有限,僅在放線菌對細菌的比值上有差異。然而,針對細菌及真菌的rRNA基因做分析,可知長期施用不同有機質肥料會對土壤細菌及真菌群落之菌種組成發生改變:雞糞堆肥與豬糞堆肥處理的細菌菌種組成與其他處理差異較大;真菌則為牛糞堆肥、大豆粕與豌豆苗殘體堆肥處理的菌種組成與其他處理較為不同。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Organic farming is an eco-friendly and sustainably agricultural system. Recently, with consciousnesses of environmental protection and food safety, organic farming becomes popular cultivation practice. Organic fertilizers not only provide crops with nutrients, but also become an energy source of soil ecological system. However, different organic fertilizers affect soils differently. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of long-term application of different organic fertilizers on soil microbial community structure and chemical properties. Treatments include: cattle dung compost (CDC), hog dung compost (HDC), chicken dung compost (CHC), soybean meal (SBM), pea residue compost (PRC) and rotational application (RA). After cultivation for 13 years and 87 crops, the soils were sampled for analysis. The results showed that application of HDC increased the contents of soil organic matter, total phosphorus (P) and total potassium (K), and this treatment also had the highest rate of basal respiration, nitrification rate, and enzyme activities. On the other hand, application of SBM had the lowest contents of organic matter, enzyme activities, and the other biological indices. More nitrogen (N) in SBM are labile nitrogen compounds, therefore, the residue N in non-labile pool of soil with SBM treatment was significant less than other treatments. The contents of non-labile P in soils with treatments of HDC, CHC, and RA were greater than other treatments. Different organic fertilizers had no effect on soil microbial community structure. However, there was significant difference in actinomycete/bacteria ratio among treatments. Different organic fertilizers also resulted in significant difference in the composition in bacteria and fungi community, respectively. The bacteria community compositions of CHC and HDC treatments were different from other treatments. The results also showed that the fungi community composition of soils of HDC, SBM and PRC treatments were different from the other treatments. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-16T03:47:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-103-R01623020-1.pdf: 7987624 bytes, checksum: 9f47f3b9eb8b6fbcf9320f373b9db745 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 謝誌---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------I
摘要--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------II Abstract---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------III 目錄--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------V 圖目錄---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------VII 表目錄--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------VIII 附錄目錄-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------IX 第一章 前言----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 第二章 前人研究----------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 第三章 材料與方法-----------------------------------------------------------------------------14 第四章 結果 一、 長期施用不同有機質肥料對土壤性質之影響----------------------------------40 二、 長期施用不同有機質肥料對土壤重金屬含量之影響-----------------------------43 三、 長期施用不同有機質肥料對土壤氮劃分之影響-------------------------------45 四、 長期施用不同有機質肥料對土壤磷劃分之影響-------------------------------48 五、 長期施用不同有機質肥料對土壤生物特性之影響----------------------------51 六、 長期施用不同有機質肥料對土壤酵素活性之影響----------------------------58 七、 長期施用不同有機質肥料對土壤微生物群落結構之影響-------------------65 第五章 討論 一、不同有機質肥料對土壤化學性質之影響-----------------------------------------71 二、土壤有機碳含量對生物特性之影響-----------------------------------------------74 三、與碳、氮、磷、硫循環相關之酵素活性------------------------------------------76 四、氮有效性及氮劃分-------------------------------------------------------------------77 五、磷有效性及磷劃分-------------------------------------------------------------------80 六、土壤有機質特性對微生物族群結構之影響-------------------------------------82 第六章 結論--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------84 第七章 參考文獻--------------------------------------------------------------------------------85 附錄-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------102 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 長期施用不同有機質肥料對溫室栽培作物土壤的微生物群落結構與化學性質之影響 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Effects of long-term application of different organic fertilizers on soil microbial community structure and chemical properties under greenhouse condition | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 103-1 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 陳仁炫,林乃君,張義宏,鄭智馨 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 土壤酵素,微生物生質量,氮劃分,磷劃分,變性梯度膠體電泳, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | soil enzyme,microbial biomass,nitrogen fractionations,phosphorus fractionations,DGGE, | en |
dc.relation.page | 106 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2015-01-29 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 農業化學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 農業化學系 |
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