豬源抗犬瘟熱病毒抗體 [IgG或F(ab’)2]於犬瘟熱患犬之臨床測試

Abstract

犬瘟熱為一盛行全世界的傳染病，由副黏液病毒科，麻疹病毒屬的犬瘟熱病毒傳播，在犬科及其他許多食肉動物都具有高度傳染性和死亡率。本實驗室與動物科技研究所合作製作豬源抗犬瘟熱病毒中和抗體IgG及抗體F(ab’)2，評估異源抗體對於自然感染犬瘟熱發病患犬的治療效果。此研究收集自然感染犬瘟熱，已出現呼吸道等症狀，但尚未出現神經症狀患犬共62隻。患犬分為兩組，第一組 (n=29)為給予抗體IgG或是抗體F(ab’)2合併對症治療組，第二組 (n=33)為僅接受對症治療組。第一組的存活率為69% (20/29)顯著高於第二組的33.3% (11/33) (p < 0.05)。第一組中，治療期間出現神經症狀患犬的存活率為41.7% (5/12)，第二組治療期間出現神經症狀的患犬僅一隻存活，存活率為4.8%，兩組間具有統計上之差異 (p < 0.05)。研究中施打抗體的犬隻皆未出現嚴重副作用，只有在施打抗體IgG的患犬觀察到高體溫的現象，但在施打抗體F(ab’)2的患犬則無此現象。總結，本研究之結果顯示豬源抗犬瘟熱病毒抗體IgG及抗體F(ab’)2於犬瘟熱感染患犬有顯著的治療效果，且因其副作用輕微，未來除家犬之外亦可使用於其他會感染犬瘟熱而死亡的食肉動物，尤其是瀕臨絕種的動物。

Canine distemper (CD) is a globally distributed infectious disease caused by a morbillivirus of the family Paramyxoviridae. The canine distemper virus (CDV) causes one of the most contagious and lethal diseases of canids and wild carnivores. Porcine anti-CDV antibodies IgG and F(ab’)2 were both pilot products derived from Animal Department of Agriculture Technology Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan. A total of 29 CDV-naturally infected dogs with respiratory but not developing neurological signs were treated with a combination of IgG or F(ab’)2 and supportive therapy (group 1). Group 2 comprised 33 dogs with similar clinical signs that received only supportive therapy. The survival rate of group 1 (69%, 20/29) was significantly higher than that of group 2 (33.3%, 11/33) (p < 0.05). In group 1, five dogs (41.7%, 5/12) that developed neurological signs during therapy survived, compared to only one dog (4.8%, 1/21) in group 2, a significant difference (p < 0.05). In addition, no obvious severe side effects were observed during therapy. Only hyperthermia was observed in dogs that received IgG but not those that received F(ab’)2. In conclusion, porcine anti-CDV antibodies exhibit promising therapeutic efficacy with minimal side effect in the treatment of CD dogs. Besides dog, this therapy can be considered for treating other endangered animal species with CDV infection.