景觀情感反應對恢復效益之影響

Abstract

過去在綠化景觀對健康效益的研究文獻中，以景觀情感反應作為中介因子分析的證據是缺少的。這個研究中，我們透過實驗比較法，分析了行走於不同綠化程度的街道對於注意力恢復程度以及恢復體驗的效果。並且分析景觀情感反應—包括地方依附、景觀安全依附以及社會互動情感—是否會中介這個效果。 共有121位平均22.08歲，來自伊利諾香檳大學校區的學生與工作人員參與本次實驗室的研究。 我們使用bootstrapping方法進行多元中介分析，分析結果顯示綠化街道對於復得的正向效果，會經由地方依附中的「地方依賴」以及「地方認同」部分中介；或者經由景觀安全依附中的「不安全依附感」部分中介；或者經由社會互動情感中的「朋友互動」部分中介。而綠化街道對回思體驗的正向效果，會經由地方依附中的「地方認同」部分中介；或經由景觀安全依附中的「不安全依附感」部分中介；或者經由社會互動情感中的「重要他人」完全中介。 本研究的結果部分呼應了過去對接觸自然健康效果的文獻，不過未來還需要對於這些路徑的因果關係以及探討不同中介因子，或者測試不同受測者族群與文化背景等等，更多投入的研究心力是必要的。

Because of the neglect on individual differences, evidences concerning individual emotional responses on landscape as the mediator between exposure to greenery and landscape restorative benefits is lacking. In this study, I investigated whether there is a relationship between a walk in different Greenery and Attention Restoration and Restorative Experiences. Furthermore, whether the relationship is mediated through emotional responses, including Place Attachment, Landscape Secure Attachment, and Social Interaction, on the landscape was walked in. In University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, a total sample of 121 college students and staff aged 22.08 years participated in this laboratory experiment. We used bootstrapping to do multiple mediation analysis and revealed that the relationship between the greenery on the street and Recovery was mediated partly through Landscape Dependence and Landscape Identity, or was mediated partly through Insecure Attachment, or was mediated partly through Interaction with Friend. It also revealed that the relationship between greenery on the street and Reflection was partly mediated through Landscape Identity, or was mediated partly through Landscape Insecure, or was fully mediated through Significant Other. Our results partly accords with those researches focused on the health effects of nature exposure. However, more evidence of causality and studies comparing different mediators in different population groups are needed.