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標題: | 壓力轉變是否會影響男女表現的差異? 以學測成績分析基測改制會考的影響 Does the Gender Gap Change Under Different Levels of Pressure? The Effect of the High School Entrance System Reform on the College Entrance Examination Performance |
作者: | Chih-Wei Huang 黃智瑋 |
指導教授: | 林明仁(Ming-Jen Lin) |
關鍵字: | 性別差異,壓力,教育改革,大學入學考試,大學學科能力測驗, Gender Gap,Pressure,Education Reform,College Entrance Examination,General Scholastic Ability Test, |
出版年 : | 2020 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 許多文獻證明女性的表現在高度競爭的環境下比一般較無壓力的環境差,然而男性的表現相對而言沒有太大的差異。本篇文章我們利用大學學測資料,並使用雙重差分去檢驗基測改制會考的教育改革對前段學校造成的性別差異影響。這個在2014年實施的教育改革其中一個重要的目的是為了減輕學生在面對升學考試的壓力。我們預期在改革之後,較無法承受壓力的女性會有較高的機率進入明星高中,然而在三年後考大學,這些較無法承受壓力的明星高中女性在面對高度壓力的大學學測會表現得比改革前的明星高中女性還要差。我們將高中依學生的平均成績表現分成十組,並發現前十百分位學校的女性在英文、數學及社會上改革後表現變得比以前差,換句話說,由於這個教育改革,明星學校的女性相對明星學校的男性較不利。過程中我們也發現學測國文寫作在2018年獨立出國文科單獨考試,對男性較有利,也影響了考試表現的性別差異。此外,也有證據顯示基測改制會考的教育改革可能會在升學高中時,對學生就讀高中或高職的選擇產生影響。 Much literature shows that females perform worse under pressure but there is little difference for males. In this paper, we use college entrance examination (GSAT) data and use difference in difference method to examine the change of gender gap in top schools which results from the reform of high school entrance system. The reform implemented in 2014 is used to relieve students form heavy pressure. We expect that females who can’t bear heavy pressure have a higher probability to enter top high schools after the reform. These females who enter top high schools will perform worse than previous top schools' female students when taking the college entrance examination which is a highly competitive test three years later. We divide high schools into ten groups by the average scores of the schools' students and find that females in top 10th percentile relatively perform worse in English、Math and Social Science after the reform. In other words, females in top schools have a disadvantage over males in top schools due to the reform. In this paper, we also find that the reform of Chinese Writing in GSAT in 2018 may benefit males and affect gender gap. In addition, some evidences show that the reform of high school entrance system may have influence on students’ choices of studying senior high schools or vocational high schools. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/54161 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202002325 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 經濟學系 |
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