影響廠商創新活動的因素及其績效關係之研究-台灣廠商之實證

Abstract

本次研究主旨在探討台灣研發創新廠商的研發創新選擇方式及其績效之影響。我們利用國科會企劃處「台灣地區第三次產業創新活動調查研究」以及95年和100年的工商普查的資料，來討論廠商在選擇創新活動的方式以及其影響因素，並且討論廠商研發創新活動是否會影響廠商的績效。在研究方法上，採用兩種兩階段模型進行實證，第一種模型Treatment Effect Model和Regression Model，第二種模型利用Multivariate Probit Model和Regression Model。 本文所探討的創新型態「公司內的研發活動 (RRDINENG)」、「委託其他公司或機構的研發活動 (RRDEX)」、「取得機器設備與技術 (RMAC)」、「取得外部知識 (ROEX)」、「研發人員培訓(HRRD)」、「行銷創新活動(MRKRD)」。實證結果顯示，影響廠商選擇方式主要為創新投入的阻礙因素，這些會使廠商較不願意投入市場的研發創新，而廠商的特質部分則是廠齡和規模對於廠商的創新選擇也有不同干擾。製造業廠商相對於服務業廠商較願意投入研發創新的過程。而對於每人附加價值而言研發創新對廠商的每人附加價值都是有助益的，而製造業的行銷創新帶來更高的每人附加價值；服務業則是透過研發人員培訓有更多的每人附加價值。整體而言可以觀察廠商的創新選擇方式以及每人附加價值影響在不同產業之間的影響。不論透過Treatment Effect Model和Multivariate Probit Model得到的結果都相類似。

Applying the Taiwan Technological Innovation Survey III and 2006, 2011 Industry, Commerce and Service Census, we examine the relationship between innovative methods and profit performance. Furthermore, we use the two kind of two-stage model, Multivariate Probit Model with Regression Model and Treatment Effect Model with Regression Model. The innovative methods, including R & D activities within the company, commissioned research and development activities of other companies or institutions, making equipment and technology, obtaining external knowledge, R & D worker training, and marketing innovation activities. In the empirical studies, the obstacles to Innovation will let the firms less likely to do innovation activities, and firms’ size and its age will also make some effect on the decision of innovative methods. Manufacturers firms are more likely to innovate than service sector. Meanwhile the impact on the value added has the significant and positive effect when the firms have the innovation activities. We come to the same conclusion regardless using the Multivariate Probit Model or Treatment Effect Model.