小型垂直軸風力機實證暨高紊流量測分析

Abstract

本文主要探討小型垂直軸風力機的型式試驗與同型號風力機於高紊流環境的運轉情形，工作項目包含範例小型風力機實證測試與建物頂樓高紊流風力機三維風速量測兩項工作。目前已有範例風力機於澎湖測試場進行測試，該測試場位於國立澎湖科技大學東側約200米處的澎湖國際標準測試場，測試主要根據國內標準CNS-15176，並參考國際標準IEC-61400進行功率性能、噪音性能與耐久性能等測試，然截至102年5月底之結果顯示，風力機於高風速下進行剎車，致使無法累積高風速下之發電數據，發電時數不符合國內標準檢驗局相關標準CNS-15176定義之風力機等級三。此風力機於103年8月中進行渦電流剎車控制之改良，並於本文中討論改良成果，提升國內範例風力機之實證等級。 都會區因為複雜地形、地物之干擾而形成紊流，使得風力機發電功率下降。因此本文研究都會建築物頂樓上的風力機，分析高紊流風場環境下的紊流流場及功率性能。為了減少數據比較上所面臨的變因，此風力機和澎湖測試場之範例機的型號相同。然受到紊流的影響，導致風力機的發電效能不如預期，無法分析其功率性能與耐久性能，故本文藉由暫態模擬及數據分析等方式瞭解高紊流流場特性，並針對數據異常之情況提出改善和建議。

The main theme in this thesis is the comparison of small vertical axis wind power machines with the same model in the case of high turbulence environment. The topics contain a type test for a small vertical axis wind turbine and analysis of high turbulence measurements. There is a international accredited small wind turbine test site in Penghu. The test location we chose is located at 200 meters east of the National Penghu University of Science and Technology. The testing is refers the standard CNS 15176 series, IEC 61400 series and VDI 3834. We complete the tests of power performance, duration, acoustic noise, safety function and strength in Penghu standard test site. However, as the testing result of May 2013 shows that the wind turbine brakes at high speed, resulting data can not be collected at high wind speeds. The electricity generation hours cannot achieve class level three defined by CNS-15176 standards. The wind turbine was modified by using an eddy current brake control system in August 2014, and the improvements is showed in this thesis. High turbulence is usually found in the urban environment and if deteriorater the wind turbine power generation decreased. Therefore, this thesis studies the high turbulence flow environment and the power performance of wind turbines on the rooftop of a building. In order to reduce variations between the types of wind turbine, we choose the same type as Penghu’s. However, power generation is below expectations due to influence of turbulence. The data is less and cannot be analyzed. In order to realize the high turbulent flow characteristics, we have donetransient simulation, data analysis, and make suggestions to improve the situation of lessvalid data.