不同溶劑對聚(3-己基噻吩)－銀金屬複合材料製備與形成機制探討之影響

Abstract

本論文中，我們利用三種不同溶劑，分別為四氫呋喃(Tetrahydrofuran，THF)、甲醇以及1,4-二氧陸圜(1,4-Dioxane )，來探討不同溶劑對聚(3-己基噻吩) (P3HT)還原出銀金屬結構的不同。

利用三種溶劑與水產生共溶劑，溶劑會對P3HT產生膨潤作用，使P3HT得以浮出薄膜，形成帶狀結構，讓銀離子在表面還原成銀金屬。利用三種溶劑都可以簡易製備出寬度為100nm-2μm且長可達數百μm以上的帶狀結構，此帶狀銀的結構擁有高度的晶體位向排列一致性，主要晶面呈現為{111}面族以及<110>的晶面成長方向並且形成一維的帶狀結構。我們也可以利用甲醇讓P3HT無法浮出，而形成顆粒狀的結構。也發現了小分子二特丁四甲苯(Butylated hydroxytoluene，BHT)可以幫助銀金屬成核，並增加銀金屬的量，加入0.025wt%的BHT，在18小時後銀金屬的重量就可達沒加入BHT系統的1.59倍。最後也對柱狀結構的銀金屬做結構上的探討。 簡言之，在室溫下利用三種溶劑都可以製備出帶狀銀金屬，利用甲醇製備出帶狀銀金屬，也對環境有利。加入少量BHT就可以增加銀金屬的數量，對於製程上有極大的幫助。

In this thesis, we used three different solvent, tetrahydrofuran, methanol and 1,4 –dioxane, respectively, To investigate the effect of different solvents on the poly (3-hexyl thiophene) (P3HT) reducing silver metal structure. Use these three solvent combined with water to make co-solvent system. By the swelling effect of three different solvent on P3HT, P3HT could float up from thin film. Let silver ion reduce to silver metal on the surface and formed belt-like structure. By using these three solvents ,it is easy to prepare an elongated silver structure with the range of width form 100 nm to 2 μm. The length of the elongated silver structure can up to hundreds μm or more. This silver structure has high degree of consistent arrangement. It also shows the major crystal plane of {111} and the major growth direction of <100> and form one-dimensional belt-like structure. We can also let P3HT couldn’t float up by using methanol, and forming silver particle. By using small molecular BHT, we found that it could help the nucleation of silver, and increase the amount of silver. Adding only 0.025wt% BHT, the weight of silver metal could up to 1.59 times than the system that didn’t add BHT after 18 hours. At last, we also discussed the structure of pillar-like silver metal. In brief, all these three solvent could prepare belt-like silver structure. It is much environment friendly by using methanol to prepare belt-like silver structure. Adding a little amount of BHT could gain lots of amount in silver metal. It is really helpful for preparation process.