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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 洪振發 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Kuan-Yin Tong | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 童冠穎 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T14:06:02Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2023-10-10 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2015-08-25 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2015 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2015-08-19 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | [1] Blauert, J., 1982. Spatial Hearing, The Psychophysics of Human Sound Localization.The MIT Press, Cambrige, Massachusetts.
[2] Stevens, S. S., and Newman, E. B., 1936. The Localization of Actual Sources of Sound, America Journal of Psychology. [3] Ephraim, Y., and Van Trees, H. L., 1995, A signal subspace approach for speech enhancement, IEEE Trans. Speech Audio Processing, vol. 3, pp.251 -266. [4] Goldstein, E. B., 2006. Sensation and Perception (7th, Seven Edition). [5] Schmidt, R. O., 1986, Multiple Emitter Location and Signal Parameter Estimation, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. ap-34, no. 3. [6] Tager. W, 1998, Near field superdirectivity (NFSD), Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Acoust., Speech, Signal Process, vol. 4. [7] Zoltowski, M.D.; Mathews, C.P., 1993, Real-time frequency and 2-D angle estimation with sub-Nyquist spatio-temporal sampling, Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1993. ICASSP-93., 1993 IEEE International Conference on , vol.4, no., pp.117,120 vol.4, 27-30. [8] Tamai, Y., et al., 2004, Circular Microphone Array for Robot's Audition, Proc. of IEEE Sensors, vol. 2, pp. 265-570. [9] Yamada, T., Nakamura, S. and Shikano, K., 1996, Robust Speech Recognition with Speaker Localization by a Microphone Array, Proc. of ICSLP ’96, pages 1317-1320. [10] Yamada, T., Nakamura, S. and Shikano, K., 1998, Hands-Free Speech Recognition Based on a 3-DViterbi Search Using a Microphone Array, Proc. of ICASSP ’98,. [11] Yamada, T., Nakamura, S. and Shikano, K., 1999, Simultaneous Recognition of Multiple SoundSources Based on 3-D N-Best Search Using Microphone Array. In Proc. of Eurospeech ’99, Volume 1, Page 69-72. [12] Omologo, M., Svaizer, P., 1997, Use Of The Cross-Power-Spectrum Phase In Acoustic Event Location IEEE Trans. on Speech and Audio Processing, vol.6, No.3, pp. 288-292. [13] Silverman, H.F., Kirtman, S.E., 1992, A two-stage algorithm for determining talker location from linear microphone-array data. Comput. Speech Lang. 6(2), 1129–1152. [14] Rodemann, T., Heckmann, M., Schoelling, B., Joublin, F. and Goerick, C., 2006, Real-time sound localizationwith a binaural head-system using a biologically-inspired cue-triple mapping, Proc. IEEE/RSJ Int. Conf. Intell. Robots Syst., pp.860 -865. [15] Pillai, S.U., 1989, Array Signal Processing, Springer-Verlag, New York. [16] Sacha Barber, 2007, AI : Neural Network for beginners. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/52060 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 本文研究空間聽覺定位，其中包含雙耳線索(Binaural cues)及頻譜線索(Spectral Cues)。雙耳線索分為雙耳時間差(Interaural Time Difference, ITD)與雙耳聲強差(Interaural Level Difference, ILD)，頻譜線索則為人類身體構造對聲壓頻譜的增益特性，類似於濾波器，可用頭部關係轉移函數(Head Related Transfer Function, HRTF)表示。雙耳線索有其頻寬的侷限性及部分方位模糊等問題。頻譜線索反應頭部及軀幹等對聲音訊號的遮蔽作用，對於不同方位的聲源其頻譜也有不同變化，其中包含的方位訊息可能是人耳能分辨方位的重要因素。
本文研究麥克風陣列聲源定向的方法，包含多重訊號分類演算法(Multiple Signal Classification, MUSIC)、麥克風陣列語者定位演算法(Speaker Localization by a Arrayed Microphone, SLAM)兩種演算方法。透過電腦模擬聲源訊號並實際架設麥克風陣列，使用NI-DAQ將聲音訊號擷取置電腦，並使用NI LabVIEW及MATLAB等軟體進行MUSIC及SLAM演算法，估算出聲音訊號方向。實驗結果顯示在安靜的室內能對方位角做有效的識別。 不過麥克風陣列仍無法解釋人只須兩耳即可辨識聲源方向。因此接著研究頻譜線索的聲源定向方法，使用頭部關係轉移函數做為主要識別依據，建立類神經網路映射模型，並使用MIT HRTF資料庫，透過不同的方位編碼方式進行聲源方位的辨識，實驗結果顯示對於方位角及俯仰角皆有不錯的識別結果。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | In this thesis,we study spatial hearing which including binaural cues and spectral
cues for sound localization. Binaural cues have some drawbacks: ITD and IID only work on their suitable frequenccy range and have problems on the ‘cone of confusion’.The spectal cues, HRTF ( Head Related Transfer Function) points out the acoustic filtering effects on receving sound from the sound source to the head and torso. Sound source from different spatial angles have different spectrals too. Two sound localization methods by microphone arrray are investigated, MUSIC ( Multiple Signal Classification) algorithm and SLAM ( Speaker Localization by a Arrayed Microphone). We use computer to simulate sound signals and then construct particle microphone arrays, which use a DAQ ( Data acquisition) to transmit sound signal to a computer, and use NI LabVIEW and MATLAB to operate MUSIC and SLAM. The experiment indicate the sound localization results are reliable in the quiet room. In addition, we study spectral cues for sound localization because of microphone array cannot expalin why human can determine the direction of sound source by only two ears. Using HRTF as the main recognization cue, then building neural network model with MIT HRTF database, different coded directional informations are headed to do sound localizations. The results indicate good accuracy on azimuth and elevation angle recognization. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T14:06:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-104-R02525011-1.pdf: 1933838 bytes, checksum: 46975e3163e7f9f06bf3186e4dda6952 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii 圖目錄 vi 表目錄 x Chapter 1 緒論 1 1.1 研究動機 1 1.2 文獻回顧 1 1.3 研究目的與過程 3 Chapter 2 第二章 空間聽覺與雙耳定位線索 4 2.1 聲波繞射與散射 4 2.2 雙耳定位線索 4 2.2.1 雙耳時間差(ITD) 5 2.2.2 雙耳聲強差(ILD) 7 Chapter 3 多重訊號分類演算法 9 3.1 MUSIC理論 9 3.1.1 資料模型Data Model 9 3.1.2 多重訊號演算法推導 10 3.1.3 麥克風陣列的訊號模型 12 3.2 MUSIC模擬 14 Chapter 4 語者定位演算法(SLAM) 16 4.1 語者定位演算法理論 16 4.1.1 延遲相加波束形成(delay-and-sum beamformer) 16 4.1.2 定位演算法 17 4.2 SLAM模擬 18 Chapter 5 MUSIC與SLAM辨識實驗 19 5.1 實驗目的 19 5.1.1 實驗佈置 19 5.1.2 實驗器材 20 5.1.3 訊號擷取 21 5.1.4 多重訊號分類演算法(MUSIC)辨識結果 21 5.1.5 語者定位演算法(SLAM)辨識結果 25 Chapter 6 頻譜特徵方法聲源定位 29 6.1 利用頻譜特徵進行聲源定位 30 6.1.1 頭部關係轉移函數 30 6.1.2 頻譜特徵聲源定位： 30 6.2 利用機器進行聲源定位 31 6.3 類神經網路模型 32 6.3.1 聲源方位 32 6.3.2 MIT HRTF資料庫 32 6.3.3 神經網路建立 34 6.3.4 類神經網路工作方式 36 6.3.5 類神經網路 37 6.3.6 定位效能指標 38 6.3.7 水平識別 38 6.3.8 俯仰角識別 39 Chapter 7 結論 57 參考文獻 59 附錄 61 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.title | 雙耳量測聽音辨位技術研究 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | The binaural measurements for identification of source
position | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 103-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 劉德源,徐茂濱,王偉輝,謝傳璋 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 聲源定向,麥克風陣列,頭部關係轉移函數, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | sound localization,microphone arrray,HRTFs, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 61 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2015-08-20 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 工程科學及海洋工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 工程科學及海洋工程學系 | |
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