P2P借貸在臺灣發展之前景

Abstract

P2P借貸（Peer to Peer Lending）是指將有閒錢的投資人和需要資金的借款者，利用網路平台媒合，實現直接借貸。臺灣目前尚未開放P2P，但互聯網金融是未來的趨勢，臺灣未來有一天可能會開放P2P，因此本文便以四種關係人（投資者、借款者、銀行、政府）的角度探討純資訊仲介的P2P業者是否適合在臺灣發展。 從本文分析來看，純資訊中介模式的P2P業者不適合在台灣發展。從投資者角度來看，P2P雖然能給投資者比定存更高的報酬，但投資者要自行承擔違約風險，也會面對許多可能造成P2P平台倒閉的風險，這麼高的風險可能會使投資者望而卻步。從借款者角度來看，P2P在臺灣能為借款者帶來的利益不大，可能無法吸引夠多的借款者來平台借款。從銀行角度來看，P2P業者加入會使得銀行和P2P業者承做放貸業務都很有壓力。且銀行自己經營P2P會有更多優勢，非銀行經營的P2P相較之下就較沒競爭力。從政府角度來看，目前引進P2P會消耗太多成本，導致政府近期對於開放P2P的態度消極。因此總體而言，本文認為從目前臺灣的環境來看，純資訊中介P2P業者不適合在臺灣發展。

Peer-to-peer lending (P2P) is the practice of lending money to unrelated individuals online without going through a traditional financial intermediary such as a bank. P2P lending isn’t allowed in Taiwan yet; however, internet finance is the trend of future. Taiwan may open the license of P2P in the future. Therefore, this thesis analyzes if it is suitable for pure P2P platforms to develop in Taiwan by four perspectives (investors, lenders, banks, government). By the analysis of this thesis, P2P companies are not suitable to develop in Taiwan. As for investors, although investors can get higher returns from P2P, they also need to bear the default risk, and consider the risks that may cause the collapse of P2P platforms. With all these high risks, investors may not invest in P2P. As for borrowers, P2P benefits borrowers little in Taiwan. Therefore, there may be not enough borrowers to borrow from P2P platforms. From the perspective of banks, if P2P develops in Taiwan will make both banks and P2P platforms do credit business under great pressure. Besides, banks have more advantages to run P2P platforms. P2P companies may be unable to compete with P2P platforms ran by banks. From the perspective of government, opening the license of P2P consumes too many costs for now. Therefore, government tends not to open the license in a short term. Overall, from the analysis of this thesis, pure P2P platforms are not suitable to develop in Taiwan in the short term.