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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 董桂書 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Chia Hua Lee | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 李佳樺 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T13:26:24Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2016-04-15 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2016-04-15 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2016 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2016-03-25 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Ahmed, N., Bungard, D., Shin, M., Moore, M., and Winter, E. (2009). The Ime2 Protein Kinase Enhances the Disassociation of the Sum1 Repressor from Middle Meiotic Promoters. Molecular and Cell Biology. 29, 4352-4362.
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/51160 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 在出芽酵母菌(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)中，Ndt80是一個在減數分裂時特定表現的轉錄因子(transcription activator)。剔除Ndt80時會造成細胞停滯在粗絲期 (pachytene)，無法進行減數分裂。有趣的是，在營養細胞中異位表現 (ectopic expression) Ndt80會造成細胞生長週期停滯在G1時期。因此我們推測，Ndt80在第一次減數分裂(meiosis I)和第二次減數分裂(meiosis II)中間可能扮演抑制另一次DNA複製的腳色，使得細胞能夠成功的產生單倍體孢子。
在近期的研究中，我們發現在細胞處於後複製複合體期(post-RC state)表現Ndt80，部分細胞的減數分裂DNA複製(pre-meiotic DNA replication)會受到抑制。而這個現象在持續維持Ndt80表現量時更加明顯。不過我們仍希望能在Ndt80正常表現時機探討Ndt80抑制DNA複製的能力。於是我們構築一系列的Ndt80片段缺失突變株(in-frame deletions)，致力尋找一個能分開活化轉錄功能(transcription activation)及抑制DNA複製能力的突變株，希望可以使酵母菌順利進行減數分裂，但無法抑制第一次與第二次減數分裂之間的DNA複製。 Ndt80抑制DNA複製的機制可能是藉由直接結合到DNA上影響複製，或者誘導其他調控細胞週期的基因表現造成細胞生長停滯。本篇研究中，我們探討了一些Ndt80抑制DNA複製的可能機制。首先，我們在ime2基因剔除的菌株中表現Ndt80，分析Ndt80造成的抑制效果是否透過IME2。結果顯示Ndt80抑制DNA複製並不需透過IME2。再來，我們想要研究Ndt80是否會結合到複製起始點附近的Sum1蛋白結合位，因此我們在sum1基因剔除的菌株中表現Ndt80，觀察缺少Sum1競爭蛋白結合位是否會影響Ndt80抑制DNA複製的效果，但並沒有觀測到明顯的變化。未來將需要進行更多的分析來探討Ndt80抑制DNA複製的機制。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Ndt80 is a meiosis-specific transcription activator in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ndt80 null mutants arrest at the pachytene stage and fails to complete meiosis. Interestingly, our laboratory found that ectopic expression of NDT80 in vegetative cells causes cell cycle arrest at G1 phase, and we proposed that Ndt80 may be involved in repressing another round of DNA replication between meiosis I and meiosis II.
In recent research, our results showed that Ndt80 had the ability to partially repress pre-meiotic DNA replication when expressed at a stage when origin of replication is at a post-RC state. The DNA repression effect grew stronger when continuously expressing Ndt80 throughout pre-meiotic incubation. Despite these discoveries, it is still important to analyze the role of Ndt80 repressing DNA replication when it is normally expressed, meiosis I and meiosis II. Therefore, we screened for a separation-of-function mutant that can promote cells to complete meiosis but cannot cause cell cycle arrest. The repression of DNA replication by Ndt80 could be resulted from a direct binding of Ndt80 to DNA sequences, or indirectly from the effect of cell cycle related genes regulated by Ndt80. In this study, we discussed the possible mechanisms of Ndt80 repressing DNA replication. First, we expressed Ndt80 in a ime2 null strain to test if Ndt80-induced cell cycle arrest rely on IME2. Results showed that IME2 is not responsible for causing Ndt80-induced cell cycle arrest. Second, we tested the possibility of Ndt80 binding to Sum1 binding sites near ARSs to repress DNA replication. We expressed Ndt80 in a sum1 null strain to see if removing Sum1 competition would affect cell cycle arrest effects, but no significant difference was observed. Further analyses are required to explore the mechanisms of Ndt80 repressing DNA replication. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T13:26:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-105-R02b43012-1.pdf: 4773296 bytes, checksum: 071d5ef33f6d8cef0a74f0227f684f13 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 中文摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii TABLE OF CONTENTS iii LIST OF TABLES vii LIST OF FIGURES ix ABBREVIATIONS xii CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 1 Meiosis Overview 1 Initiation of Meiosis in the Budding Yeast 2 Cell Cycle Control of DNA Replication 3 Initiation of DNA replication 4 The origins of DNA replication 4 Pre-replicative complex (pre-RC) 5 Kinases involved in the initiation of DNA replication 6 Pre-meiotic S phase 6 The control of once and only once DNA replication per cell cycle 7 NDT80 8 SUM1 10 Specific Aims 12 CHAPTER 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 15 Strains, Media, and Genetic Methods 15 Molecular Biology Methods 17 DNA preparation and transformation 17 Construction of ndt80 separation-of-function mutants 17 Construction of pGAL-ndt80 19 Construction of pRS306-ndt80 19 Yeast strain construction 21 Kinetics of Meiotic Cells 22 DNA content analysis 23 Synchronization of meiotic culture 23 Preparation of samples for FACS analysis 23 Protein Extraction and Western Blot Analysis 25 CHAPTER 3. RESULTS 27 Isolation of ndt80 mutants those are capable of promoting sporulation but unable to cause cell cycle arrest 27 Overproduction of the ndt80∆346-503 could not improve sporulation compared to the ndt80∆404-503 28 Ectopic expression of the ndt80∆346-627 could not improve cell cycle arrest effects compared to ndt80∆404-627 29 Cells with endogenous ndt80∆404-503 and ndt80∆404-627 expression were unable to complete meiosis 30 Construction of more subtle deletion mutations, ndt80∆404-485, ndt80∆404-489, and ndt80∆404-492 31 Overproduction of ndt80∆404-487 restored sporulation but loses the activity to cause cell cycle arrest 32 Endogenous ndt80∆404-485 and ndt80∆404-487 cells were unable to complete meiosis, but lost the activity to cause cell cycle arrest 33 Analysis of NDT80 and ndt80 mutants to repress pre-meiotic DNA replication 33 Precocious expression of NDT80, ndt80∆404-485, and ndt80∆404-487 during pre-meiotic incubation partially repressed pre-meiotic DNA replication 34 Pre-meiotic DNA replication may depend on continuous expression of NDT80 35 Analysis of different induction timings and durations of NDT80 to promote sporulation 36 The mechanisms of Ndt80 repressing DNA replication 36 IME2 is not required for Ndt80-induced cell cycle arrest 36 Elimination of Sum1 did not affect Ndt80-induced cell cycle arrest 38 CHAPTER 4. DISCUSSION 39 ndt80 separation-of-function mutants 39 Removal of Ndt80 amino acid residues may lead to a conformational change in Ndt80 that affects its ability to repress DNA replication 39 The amino acid residues 479-503 of Ndt80 might play a pivotal role in the transcription activation and cell cycle arrest effects of Ndt80 40 The transcription activation function of ndt80 mutants seen in overexpressed conditions might be due to dosage effect 41 Ndt80 and Ndt80 mutants represses pre-meiotic DNA replication 41 The mutants ndt80∆404-485 and ndt80∆404-487 partially represses pre-meiotic DNA replication 41 Yeast cells might utilize the 0.03% galactose, resulting in a gradual decrease of Ndt80 expression level during incubation in YPA medium and 2% KAc 42 Constant expression of Ndt80 enhances the repression of pre-meiotic DNA replication 43 Adding galactose at multiple time points could not maintain Ndt80 expression level as high as the first induction time point 45 Galactose induction of Ndt80 could not promote spore formation 45 Mechanisms of Ndt80 repressing DNA replication 47 Ndt80 may repress DNA replication through an indirect mechanism by inducing other cell cycle related genes 47 Ndt80 may bind to Sum1 binding sites near origins of replication or other sequences to repress DNA replication 47 REFERENCES 50 TABLES 62 FIGURES 78 APPENDIX 106 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.subject | 複製 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 酵母菌 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 減數分裂 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 酵母菌 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 基因調控 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 細胞週期 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 複製 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 基因調控 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 細胞週期 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 減數分裂 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | meiosis | en |
| dc.subject | Ndt80 | en |
| dc.subject | cell cycle | en |
| dc.subject | DNA replication | en |
| dc.subject | meiosis | en |
| dc.subject | yeast | en |
| dc.subject | Ndt80 | en |
| dc.subject | cell cycle | en |
| dc.subject | DNA replication | en |
| dc.subject | yeast | en |
| dc.title | 酵母菌 Ndt80 蛋白抑制 DNA 複製之機制探討 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Studies on the mechanism of Ndt80 repressing DNA replication | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 104-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 周子賓,王廷方 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 酵母菌,減數分裂,複製,細胞週期,基因調控, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | yeast,meiosis,DNA replication,cell cycle,Ndt80, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 108 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201600145 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2016-03-25 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生命科學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 分子與細胞生物學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 分子與細胞生物學研究所 | |
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