自行車道服務品質評估之研究

Abstract

面對全球暖化重大環境問題，各國運輸政策的重點，無不包含發展綠色交通，而自行車具備健康、環保、零汙染等特性，除了歐、美各國主要城市十分積極建設，亞太地區國家也於近年積極發展，並且取得良好成效。國內跟上這股潮流，政府單位開始鼓勵民眾騎乘自行車，並興建自行車道、加強自行車騎乘環境以提升吸引力，民間自行發起騎乘自行車活動也隨處可見。 在公部門推動與民間團體積極參與下，我國自行車使用在休閒運動方面日益盛行，而在都市通勤方面也穩定成長。然而，受限於地方財政與中央補助經費等因素，各自行車道設施之完整性大相逕庭，服務品質亦有明顯差異，使用者之感受也就相距甚遠。過去針對自行車道與路線之評估，首次出現在2015年「十大自行車經典路線徵選」，其對於自行車道之評估方式，多針對較常見的安全性、便利性及舒適性等面向。但是除了自行車道本身之服務設施，自行車道管轄單位之態度、車道週邊觀光特色等相關因素，同樣會影響騎乘者之評價，引此現有自行車道評估方式仍有必要從使用者觀點納入更多需求面的因素。 本研究之主要目的在建立一套較完整、多元評估面向之自行車道服務品質評估指標體系，過程中參考「十大經典路線遴選暨自行車道調查計畫」之內容。首先蒐集回顧自行車道相關文獻與資料，了解各研究指標內容與執行流程；其次檢視該計畫中，用於評估個車道服務品質之「十大自行車經典路線徵選」指標體系HAPPY(Health健康、Accessibility親和、Participation參與、Popularity分享、 Youthfulness活力)，以及「自行車道調查路勘資料」之調查方式與結果，並參考前述文獻回顧內容，透過上述方式進行評估指標項目之整合與篩選，同時規劃合理之量化評估方式，建立自行車道服務品質評估指標體系，包含以HAPPY五大評估項目為主之架構提出15項指標。本研究後續採用「層級分析法」(AHP)調查評估合理權重。最後，本研究透過「十大自行車經典路線徵選」之6條參賽路線，據實地調查與該路線報名參賽所提供之資料進行案例驗證，以確認評估體系之可操作性與實用性。本研究之評估指標體系及應用，供自行車道管轄單位及決策者參考，自行車道的改善及未來規劃設計工作均有正面助益。

Faced with the significant environmental problem like global warming, the point of the transport policy of each country includes Green Transport. Besides the western world, the Asia-Pacific countries develop it actively in recent years and produce a marked effect. To keep up with the trend, our government advocate riding bicycle, build new bicycle paths and enhance the cycling environment to attract people. People also hold cycling activities everywhere. With the popularization of public sector and the proactive participation of citizen groups, cycling has been more and more popular for leisure and sports in Taiwan. Riding bicycle also grow steadily for commute in urban area. However, due to the restriction of finance in local government and budget subsidy in central authority, the integrity of the bicycle paths and service quality are widely divergent. Therefore, each user will feel very different. The assessment for bicycle paths and routes appeared first time in the Top 10 Classic Cycling Routes Selection in 2015. The evaluation methods of the bicycle path in this selection include safety, convenience and comfort. Besides the quality of the bicycle lane, the attitude of the administration, the tourism highlights around the bicycle lane and so on will affect the evaluation of the users. This shows the evaluation methods need to include more factors form the point of user. The research aims to develop an evaluation scheme for service quality assessment indicator system for bicycle paths that can assess in many ways. The research refers to Top 10 Classic Cycling Routes Selection and Bicycle Path Investigation Plan. It first reviews the literature and data about bicycle path to find out the indicators and the implementation process. Then the research refers to the HAPPY (Health, Accessibility, Participation, Popularity and Youthfulness) indicator system of the Top 10 Classic Cycling Routes and the investigation method and the result in Bicycle Path Investigation data to filter and integrate the indicators. After that, the research build a rational evaluation system and establish service quality assessment indicator system for bicycle paths. This indicator system finally comes out an evaluation scheme with 5 categories and 15 indicators. The “Analytical Hierarchy Process” is adopted to evaluate the weights of these categories and indicators. Eventually, 6 bicycle path of Top 10 Classic Cycling Routes Selection are conducted to verify the operability and applicability. The indicator system in this research can be taken as the reference for the authorities of the bicycle path and it will be helpful for the improvement of current bicycle path and the planning design in the future.