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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 柯淳涵,王明光 | |
dc.contributor.author | Chih-Shen Chuang | en |
dc.contributor.author | 莊智勝 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T07:04:37Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2011-01-17 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2011-01-17 | |
dc.date.issued | 2010 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2010-12-23 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 李明賢 1996 木質材料之難燃處理效果及耐燃性試驗法評估。國立台灣大學森林學研究所碩士論文。pp 76。
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Kandola, B.K., and Horrocks, A.R. 1996 Complex char formation in flame-retarded fire-intumescent combinations-II thermal analytical studies. Polymer Degradation and Stability 54: 289-303. Ke, Y.C., and Stroeve, P. 2005 Polymer-Layered Silicate and Silica Nanocomposites. Elsevier, B.V., Amesterdam, The Netherlands. 394 pp. Krishnamoorti, R., and Giannelis, E.P. 1997 Rheology of end-tethered polymer layered silicate nanocomposites. Macromolecules 30: 4097-4102. Le Bras, M., Bourbigot, S., and Revel, B. 1999 Comprehensive study of the degradation of an intumescent EVA-based material during combustion. Journal of Material Science 34: 5777-5782. Levan, S. L. 1984 Chemistry of fire retardant. In the Chemistry of Solid Wood(R. M. Rowell, et al)Adv. Chem. Ser. 207, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, U.S.A. pp 531-574. Levin, B. C. and Gann, R. G. 1989 Toxic potency of fire smoke: measurement and use. In: Fire and polymers: hazard identification and prevention. Nelson, G. ed. ACS Symposium Series 425, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, U.S.A. pp. 3-13. Lindsay, C.I., Hill, S.B., Hearn, M., Manton, G., Everall, N., Bunn, A., Heron, J., and Fletcher, I. 2000 Mechanisms of action of phosphorus based flame retardants in acrylic polymers. Polymer International 49: 1183-1192. Lookman, R., Grobet, P., Merckx, R., and Vlassak, K. 1994 Phosphate sorption by synthetic amorphous aluminum hydroxides-A: Al-27 and P-31 solid-state mas NMR-spectroscopy study. European Journal of Soil Science 45: 37-44. Muller, D., Berger, G., Grunze, I., Ladwig, G., Hallas, E., and Haubenreisser, U. 1983 Solid-state high-resolution Al-27 nuclear magnetic resonance studies of the structure of CaO-Al2O3-P2O5 glasses. Physics and Chemistry of Glasses 24: 37-42. Nyambo, C., Kandare, E., and Wilkie, C.A. 2009 Thermal stability and flammability characteristics of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) composites blended with a phenyl phosphnate-intercalated layered double hydroxide (LDH), melamine polyphosphate and/or boric acid. Polymer Degradation and Stability 94: 513-520. Oren, M.J., Karunakaran, K.P., Pegg, M.J., and MacKay, G.D.M 1987 Mechanism of wood combustion 1 flue gas analysis. Fuel 66: 9-12. Tjong S.C., Meng Y.Z. and Hay A.S. 2002 Novel preparation and properties of polypropylene-vermiculite nanocomposies Chemistry of Materials 14: 44-51. Tsai K.C. 2009 Influence of substrate on fire performance of wall lining materials. Construction and Building Materials 23: 3258-3263. Wladyka-Przbylak, M., and Kozlowski, R. 1999 The thermal characteristics of different intumescent coatings. Fire and Materials 23: 33-43. Ribeiro, S.P.S., Estevao, L.R.M., and Nascimento, R.S.V. 2008 Effect of clay on the fire-retardant properties of a polyethylenic copolymer containing intumescent formulation. Science and Technology of Advanced Materials 9: 1-7. Zayed, R.S., Oren, M.J., and MacHay, G..D.M. 1987 Mechanism of wood combustion: 2 weight loss analysis. Fuel 66: 1166-1167. Zhu, J., and Wilkie, C.A. 2000 Thermal and fire studies on polystyrene-clay nanocomposites. Polymer International 49: 1158-1163. Zhu, J., Uhl, F.M., Morgan, A.B., and Wilkie, C.A. 2001 Studies on the mechanism by which the formation of nanocomposites enhances thermal stability. Chemistry of Materials 13: 4649-4654. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/48612 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 木材和木質材料在居住和建築上佔有很重要的地位,尤其是在室內裝修材料的使用上。而最常使用在室內裝修的水性樹脂,為壓克力系樹脂和醋酸乙烯系樹脂兩種。壓克力系樹脂包含壓克力乳化樹脂、苯乙烯壓克力共聚合乳化樹脂和醋酸乙烯壓克力共聚合乳化樹脂,而醋酸乙烯系樹脂則包含乙烯醋酸乙烯樹脂和具醋酸乙烯樹脂。本研究之目的,為解膨脹型塗料在不同配方下,各原料間的交互作用。包含(1)水性塗料,利用兩大木材常用之水性樹脂(亦即壓克力系統和醋酸乙烯系統)作為載體樹脂,(2)異戊四醇作為碳源劑,(3)三聚氰胺為發泡劑,(4)聚磷酸銨為脫水劑,探討在不同比例含量的配方下,阻燃效果較佳的混合比例。本研究主要探討載體樹脂和碳源劑的比例,對膨脹型塗料之影響,同時測試發泡劑和脫水劑的比例在阻燃性能上之相互關係,並以圓錐量熱儀做為阻燃性能測試儀器。本研究結果發現,塗佈膨脹型防火塗料確有提升合板阻燃性能的效用。其主要保護木材的能力,是由於酸和醇的反應產生酯化炭層阻擋熱傳遞。酯化炭層的形成時間,對於阻燃效果有極大之影響。較低含量的載體樹脂,可以有效提升膨脹型防火塗料之阻燃性能。不論是壓克力系列的樹脂,或是醋酸乙烯系列之樹脂,皆是以較低含量之載體樹脂,具有較佳之阻燃性能。同時,發泡劑含量過多時,亦會阻礙磷酸酯炭層之形成。本研究並利用FT-IR和NMR對於塗膜層進行燃燒機制之分析,由FT-IR分析可知,膨脹型炭層受熱裂解時,主要的結構會逐漸消失,而在載體樹脂含量較低時,磷酸酯炭層具有較佳的耐久性。另外,本研究利用市售有機黏土礦物提升塗料的阻燃性能,結果顯示添加有機黏土礦物後,能有效提昇膨脹型塗料的阻燃性能,且經由不同種類(亦即 30B, 10A and 15A)和不同添加量(亦即1, 3, 5 與10 %)得知,添加黏土礦物後,可以降低峰值熱釋放率和延長合板燃燒的時間。以30B添加3%和10A添加5%具有最佳的阻燃性能。由FT-IR和27Al、31P NMR分析結果,亦可以發現添加有機黏土礦物可以提升膨脹型炭層的耐久度,並形成磷酸鋁之結構。此外,磷酸酯炭層和磷酸鋁可以形成兩道阻擋層,提升膨脹型塗料保護合板的阻燃效果。本研究之結果,可於未來協助設計更佳之木材用膨脹型防火塗料。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Wood and wood-based materials are of great importance in residential and building construction, especially for indoor furnishings. Acrylic and vinyl acetate emulsion resin are the two most common emulsion resins employed for indoor furnishings. Acrylic resin includes three different emulsion resins: acrylic, styrene acrylic copolymer, and vinyl acetate acrylic copolymer emulsion resins. Vinyl acetate emulsion resin includes two different resins: ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer and polyvinyl vinyl acetate emulsion resin. This study investigated the enhancement of the fire retardance of coated plywood by interaction among four major components of intumescent formulation: (1) acrylic emulsion resin and vinyl acetate emulsion resin as binder resin (BR), (2) pentaerythritol as carbonizing substance (CS), (3) melamine as foam producing substance (FPS) and (4) ammonium polyphosphate as dehydrating agent (DA). Effects of changing BR/CS ratios and FPS/DA ratios on flame-retardance of coated plywood were investigated using a cone calorimeter. The intumescent formulation significantly enhanced fire retardancy of coated plywood by exhibiting lower peak release rates and longer times to peak release rates, compared with uncoated plywood (UP) panel and plywood panel solely coated with emulsion resin. Lower BR contents resulted superior thermal properties and demonstrated improved flame retardancy. The weight losses for the coating films, identified by thermogravimetrical analysis, were consistent with the improved flame retardancy for coated plywood. Infrared analysis of the chars indicated that the formation of phosphate ester linkages with the decreased BR and FPS contents had led the enhancements of flame retardancy for coated red lauan plywood. On the other hand, acrylic emulsion resin, combined with organo-clay, also demonstated a good thermal property. The intumescent formulations, added with different types of Cloisite clays (i.e., 30B, 10A and 15A) and different amounts (1, 3, 5 and 10 %), significantly enhanced the fire retardancy of coated plywood by exhibiting lower peak heat release rates (PHRR) and extending the time to reach PHRR. The importance of the amount of organo-clays addition was shown by this study. In addition, the addition of 3 % Cloisite 30B and 5 % Cloisite 10A had result the optimal flame retardancy. The FT-IR, 27Al and 31P NMR analyses demonstrated that the organo-clay addition extended the durability of the intumescent phosphor-carbonaceous char structure and formed aluminophosphate structures. In addition, a dual blocking layer could be formed by the phosphor-carbonaceous char structure and aluminophosphate structures. The findings in this study could assist designing better intumescent coatings for wood panels in the future. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T07:04:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-99-D93625001-1.pdf: 3163052 bytes, checksum: e30ea5da27fa5a9d4a76d751c8b768a2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員會審定書……………………………………………………………………i
誌謝……………………………………………………………………………………ii 摘要……..…………………………………………………………………………….iii Abstract …………………………………………………………………………….iv 第一章 前言…………………………………………………………………….1 第二章 文獻回顧……………………………………………………………..4 一、木質材料的燃燒現象……………………………………………………. ..4 二、高分子的燃燒 ………………………………………………………………6 三、縮合反應與炭層結構……………………………………………………….8 四、阻燃機制……………………………………………………………………10 五、防火塗料之分類……………………………………………………..……..15 六、防火塗料的阻燃機制………………………………………………………20 七、黏土礦物與奈米複合材料…………………………..…………………….29 第三章 材料與方法………………………………………………………………38 一、實驗流程……………………………………………………………………38 二、防火塗料的基材……………………………………………………………39 三、防火塗料之製備…………………………………………………………... 43 四、阻燃性質測試………………………………………………………………44 五、熱重量分析…………………………………………………………………46 六、傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜……………………………………………..…….46 七、固態核磁共振光譜儀分析 …………………………...…………..……….47 第四章 結果與討論……………………………………………………………..48 一、塗裝前後合板之燃燒性質………………………………………………..48 二、壓克力系樹脂應用於膨脹型防火塗料之效應…………………………...53 (一) 以壓克力樹脂為載體之膨脹型防火塗料……………………………….53 1. 不同載體樹脂含量與碳源劑含量對阻燃性質之影…………………….53 2. 不同發泡劑含量和脫水劑含量對合板阻燃性質之影響…….................58 (二) 苯乙烯壓克力系樹脂應用於膨脹型防火塗料之效應……………..…...59 1. 不同載體樹脂含量與碳源劑含量對阻燃性質之影響………….………59 2. 不同發泡劑含量和脫水劑含量對合板阻燃性質之影響……………….63 (三) 醋酸乙烯壓克力樹脂為主之膨脹型塗料……………………………….66 1. 不同載體樹脂含量與碳源劑含量對阻燃性質之影響………………….66 2. 不同發泡劑含量和脫水劑含量對合板阻燃性質之影響.………………70 (四) 以CNS 14705規範分析膨脹型塗料塗層性質………………….………72 1.膨脹型塗層性質(以壓克力樹脂為主)…………………………….……...72 2.膨脹型塗層性質(以苯乙烯壓克力樹脂為主...…………..……………….74 3.膨脹型塗層性質(以醋酸乙烯壓克力樹脂為主)………...…………….…76 (五) 熱重分析.………………………………………………………………….78 1.水性壓克力樹脂膨脹型塗料……………………………………………...79 2.水性苯乙烯壓克力樹脂膨脹型塗料……………………………………...80 3.水性醋酸乙烯壓克力樹脂膨脹型塗料…………………………………...83 (六) 紅外線光譜分析…………………………………………………………..86 1.水性壓克力樹脂為主的膨脹型塗料……………………………………...87 2.水性苯乙烯壓克力樹脂為主的膨脹型塗料.……………………………..89 (七) 固態核磁共振光譜儀分析……………………………….………………91 1.水性壓克力樹脂為主的膨脹型塗料……………………………………...91 2.水性苯乙烯壓克力樹脂為主的膨脹型塗料…….………………………..93 3.水性醋酸乙烯壓克力為主的膨脹型塗料………………………………...95 三、醋酸乙烯系樹脂應用於膨脹型防火塗料之效應……………………….…….97 (一) 乙烯醋酸乙烯樹脂為主要載體樹脂之膨脹型塗料……….……………97 1. 不同載體樹脂含量在配方中對於阻燃性質之影響……….……….97 2. 以CNS 14705規範分析乙烯醋酸乙烯樹脂為主之膨脹型塗料…100 (二) 聚醋酸乙烯樹脂為主要載體樹脂之膨脹型塗料…….……………102 1. 不同載體樹脂含量在配方中對於阻燃性質之影響…………….....102 2. 以CNS 14705規範分析聚醋酸乙烯樹脂為主之膨脹型塗料.........104 四、水性壓克力樹脂與有機改質黏土礦物混合之膨脹型塗料阻燃性質……….108 (一) 水性壓克力樹脂與有機黏土礦物混合後之熱性質分析…...……109 (二) 不同有機黏土礦物添加於膨脹型防火塗料中的阻燃性質……...111 (三) 不同含量之有機黏土礦物對膨脹型塗料阻燃性質之影響……....113 (四) 添加有機黏土之膨脹型防火塗料其紅外線光譜分析...…………118 (五) 添加有機黏土之膨脹型防火塗料其固態NMR分 析………..….119 第五章 結論………………………………………………………………………123 參考文獻………………………………………………..…………………….…… 125 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 木質板材膨脹型塗料配方效應與反應機制 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Studies of the Intumescent Formulations onto the Wood Panels' Coatings: their Effects and Reaction Mechanisms | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 99-1 | |
dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 張上鎮,蔡匡忠,盧崑宗,李文昭,林曉洪,藍浩繁,黃金城 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 膨脹型塗料,圓錐量熱儀,有機黏土,31P NMR,磷酸酯炭層,聚磷酸銨, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Intumescent coating,Cone calorimeter,Organo-clay,31P NMR,Phosphor-carbonaceous char,Ammonium polyphosphate, | en |
dc.relation.page | 130 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2010-12-23 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 森林環境暨資源學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 森林環境暨資源學系 |
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