中國大陸台商投資仲裁案例研究

Abstract

兩岸的政治隔閡已阻擋不了人民間之經貿發展。而仲裁此一具有經濟、效率、秘密、專家判斷、和諧等特點之制度，遂將成為解決兩岸經貿往來爭議發生之最佳解決模式。 而今，兩岸已實施三通，若能在WTO 之架構下，建立一完整之仲裁制度，本於互信、平等、互惠等原則，處理兩岸間所發生之民商問題，更是兩岸商務民眾所期待。 然而，中國大陸地區地源廣大，如何讓當地各層級政府當局能承認臺灣地區之法院或仲裁結果，以及使中國仲裁水準與台灣接軌，已達到兩岸互信互敬之境界，亟為筆者所冀盼。 本文選錄「液晶顯示器訂購合同爭議仲裁案裁決書」、「品質爭議仲裁案裁決書」、「技術實施許可合同爭議仲裁案裁決書」、「兩岸合資設立公司仲裁案裁決書」及「兩岸公司承攬仲裁案裁決書」者，均屬於法律關係上之下述要件之瑕疵，遂形成本案爭點者： (一)兩造當事人之主體為何、適格性何在是誰、仲裁請求之提出時點？ (二)由何國與何地法院管轄？ (三)當事人於何國處理其主要事務或擁有資產？ (四)文件、物證及人證之所在？ (五)有無擔保（如：信用狀或其他抵押品）存在？ (六)爭端的本質為何？爭端解決方式之採酌？採取仲裁之必要性？ (七)主要爭端是法律問題還是事實問題？何種問題較重要？ (八)若採取仲裁為之，當事人在仲裁程序中得到勝利的因素為何？若採審判方式，當事人較能獲勝訴的因素為何？ 此外，本文更將藉由現行兩岸仲裁制度之介紹、著名案例之剖析、法律體制及實務之分析與論述等，希望提供予讀者和往後研究者之全新啟發與不同觀點，更期待能讓兩岸商務更加活絡並帶動經貿發展的流暢與公允，更能維護並保障臺灣人民之權益、有效地預防與解除各項民商紛爭。更希冀能藉由本文之研究，讓兩岸關係人士能更深入了解彼此之仲裁制度，能善加利用仲裁優於裁判及其他爭端解決法之處，將仲裁之長處發揮到極致。對於兩岸現制的仲裁制度缺失，更能有深刻體認，好尋求防微杜漸，修法改制之可能。日後更希望往後臺灣地區人民與大陸地區人民從事經濟合作時，如能善加利用仲裁協議的迅速與專業，培植更多從事實務操作之仲裁專業者，更透過兩岸對於仲裁判斷相互之承認，取得實質之權益，應屬可期。

Political difference between the both sides of Taiwan Strait can’t stop the trade and economic development of the peoples. The arbitration this with economy, efficiency, secret, expert judgments, harmony and other characteristics of the system, then has become the place to resolve cross-strait economic and trade disputes between the optimal solution model. Now, the two sides have implemented “Three Reaches”, if the structure in the WTO, the establishment of a complete system of arbitration, the on mutual trust, equality and mutual benefit principles, dealing with what happened between the two sides of the civil and commercial issues, more people are looking forward to cross-strait business . However, the majority of mainland China to the source, how can the local authorities of all levels of government recognition of Taiwan, the result of a court or arbitration, and arbitration standards and Taiwan, the Chinese standards, has reached the realm of cross-strait mutual trust. Then both sides by the existing arbitration system of the introduction, the famous case of the analysis, the legal system and practice of analysis and discussion in the hope offered to the new readers and inspire future researchers with different perspectives, but also look forward to allow more active cross-strait business And promote the smooth and fair trade and economic development, better safeguard and protect the interests of Taiwan people, the civil and commercial disputes effectively.