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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 林正弘 | |
dc.contributor.author | Chin-Hua Liang | en |
dc.contributor.author | 梁晉華 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T06:10:23Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2010-08-19 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2010-08-19 | |
dc.date.issued | 2010 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2010-08-13 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 參考書目
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(1950), The Continuum of Inductive Methods., Chicago, ill. : Univ. of Chicago Press. ––– (1962), [LFP]Logical foundations of probability., 2nd ed., Chicago : University of Chicago Press, 1st ed. published in 1950. Cesa-Bianchi, N. and Lugosi, G.(2006) Prediction, learning, and games. Cambridge ; New York : Cambridge University Press, 2006 Darwin. C.(1859,2008), On the origin of species, edited with an introduction and notes by Gillian Beer, Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 2008. Rev. ed Dennett, D. C. (1991), Consciousness Explained, Boston and New York, Little, Brown. –––(1995), Darwin's dangerous idea : evolution and the meanings of life, New York : Simon & Schuster –––(1996), Kinds of minds: toward an understanding of consciousness, New York, NY : Basic Books, c1996 –––(2005), Sweet dreams: philosophical obstacles to a science of consciousness, Cambridge, Mass. ; London : MIT Press. Domjan, M. (2003), The principles of learning and behavior, with contributions by J.W. Grau, Australia ; Belmont CA : Thomson/Wadsworth, 5th ed. Greco, J. and Sosa, E. ed. (1999), The Blackwell guide to epistemology, Malden, Mass. : Blackwell Publishers Hume, D. (1999), An enquiry concerning human understanding, edited by Tom L. Beauchamp, Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press. ––– (1978), A Treatise of Human Nature., edited with an analytical index by L. A. Selby-Bigge, Oxford : Clarendon Press ; New York : Oxford University Press. Levi, I. (1986), Hard choices : decision making under unresolved conflict., Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]: Cambridge University Press Machamer, P. and Silberstein, M. (2002), The Blackwell guide to the philosophy of science, Malden, Mass. : Blackwell Mayr, E. (2001), What Evolution is., New York : Basic Books. Nowak, M. A. (2006), Evolutionary dynamics : exploring the equations of life., Cambridge, Mass. : Belknap Press of Harvard University Press O'Hear, A. (1997), Beyond evolution : human nature and the limits of evolutionary explanation, Oxford : Clarendon Press ; New York : Oxford University Press. Popper, K. R. (1954, 1992), The logic of scientific discovery, London ; New York : Routledge –––(1979), Objective knowledge : an evolutionary approach, Oxford [Eng.] : Clarendon Press ; New York : Oxford University Press, Rev. ed Reichenbach, Hans. (1971), [TOP] The Theory of Probability., University of California Press. A translation by Ernest R. Hutton and Maria Reichenbach of Wahrscheinlichkeitslehre. Eine Untersuchung uber die logischen und mathematischen Grundlagen der Wahrscheinlichskeitrechnung. Leiden 1935. Revised by the author. Rescorla, R. A. (1980), Pavlovian second-order conditioning., Hilsdale, NJ: Erlbaum Salmon, W. (1967), The Foundations of Scientific Inference., [Pittsburgh] : University of Pittsburgh Press. ––– (1974), The Justification of Induction., edited By R. Swinburne, [London ; New York] : Oxford University Press. Schelling, T. C. (1978), Micromotives and macrobehavior, New York : Norton Sober, E. (1984), The nature of selection : evolutionary theory in philosophical focus, Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press –––(1994), From a biological point of view: essays in evolutionary philosophy, Cambridge [England] ; New York : Cambridge University Press Sterelny, K. (2003), Thought in a hostile world: the evolution of human cognition, Malden, MA : Blackwell Swinburne, R. ed. (1974), The Justification of induction, [London ; New York] : Oxford University Press Vickers, J. M. (1988), Chance and structure : an essay on the logical foundations of probability., Oxford : Clarendon Press ; New York : Oxford University Press. Weibull, J.W. (1995), Evolutionary game theory, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press Yahya, H. (2007), Atlas of Creation, Hackensack, NJ: Global Publishing Company. 二、 期刊文章 Akins, K. (2001), “More Than Mere Coloring: A Dialogue between Philosophy and Neuroscience on the Nature of Spectral Vision.” In S. Fitzpatrick and J. T. Breuer, eds., Carving our Destiny. Wasinton, D.C.: Joseph Henry Press. Bradie, M. (1986), “Assessing Evolutionary Epistemology.”, Biology and Philosophy 1, p.401-59 Armstrong, D.M. (1991), “What Makes Induction Rational?”, Dialogue, 30, p.503-11 Campbell, D. T. (1974), 'Evolutionary Epistemology.' , The philosophy of Karl R. Popper., ed. by P. A. Schilpp, LaSalle, IL: Open Court, p. 412-463. Cosmids, L. and Tobby, J. “Evolutionary Psychology: A Primer” in http://philosophy.wisc.edu/shapiro/EvPsych%20Primer.pdf Gould, S. J., and Lewontin, R.(1979), “The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm : A critique of the adaptationsit programme”, Proceedings of the Royal society of London, Series B 205, p.581-598. Henrich, J. et al., (2001), “In Search of Homo Economics: Behavioral Experiments in 15 Small-Scale Societies”, American Economic Review, vol. 91, 2001, p.73-78. Jackson, Frank. (1982), “Epiphenomental Qualia”, Philosophical Quarterly, 32, p.27-36 Kim, Jaegwon (1988), 'What is Naturalized Epistemology?' In Hilary Kornblith ed., Naturalizing Epistemology., 2nd ed. 1994., p.33-55 Nakagaki, T and Yamada, H. (2000), “Maze-Solving by an Amoeboid Organism.” Nature, vol. 407, 28 Sep. 2000, p.470 Popper, Karl R. (1984), 'Evolutionary Epistemology,' in Evolutionary Theory: Paths into the Future, (ed.) J. W. Pollard, London: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. p.239-240 Quine (1969), “Epistemology Naturalized.”, In Hilary Kornblith ed., Naturalizing Epistemology., 2nd ed. 1994., p.15-31 Runder, R. (1953), “The Scientist qua Scientist Makes Value Judgments”, Philosophy of Science, Vol. 20, No. 1. (1953), p. 1-6. Schelling, T.C. (1971), “Dynamic Models of Segregation,” Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1, p.143-186 Sober, E. (2002), “Intelligent Design and Probability Reasoning”, International Journal for the Philosophy of Religion, 2002, 52: 65-80. Tuttle, M.D. and Ryan (1981), “Bat predation and evolution of frog vocalizations in the neotropics.”, Science Vol.214, p.677-678. Wang, S. C. (2009) et al., “DNA methylation profiles in monozygotic and dizygotic twins,” Nature Genetics vol. 41, no. 2, p.240 - 245 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/47645 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 本論文的主要目的,是在自然主義的脈絡中,從演化論的角度出發,以演化賽局理論(evolutionary game theory)為基礎建立一說明,試圖重建歸納式行為的發生過程。並且試圖以此釐清休謨所提出的歸納法問題。眾所皆知地,歸納論證和演繹論證是人類理性思考最重要的兩種論證方式,甚至說人類理性由這兩種論證構築而成都不為過。在論文第一章中,我以枚舉歸納法(enumerative induction)作為歸納法的範本進行討論。並將休謨的歸納法問題區分為三項次標準,檢視不同種對於歸納法問題的解決方式,這類主張都無法滿足這三標準。第一章最後是波柏以演繹法替代歸納法作為科學基礎的主張,但此主張成立非常困難,因為歸納法是我們祖先賴以通過天擇的演化策略。
但歸納法是由演化而來的概念太過粗略,第二章開頭提及了忽視經驗證據的思想實驗並不能當作適當的說明。我將以普遍發現於動物中,乃至非動物中的條件行為作為支持歸納法是演化而來的證據,因為這十分類似於人類的歸納推理,且在不同的演化路徑上也有相同的條件行為出現,因此可以猜測歸納法的形成可能是必然的過程。不過歸納式行為並不是一種嚴格的生物性狀,第二章最末我將處理此問題,歸納式行為是一種高階的性狀,一類在演化賽局中演化穩定策略。 第三章是論文的核心模型,我將以四種有機體作為討論,分別是總是遵守原則、經常遵守原則、偶而遵守原則與絕不遵守原則四類。但在演化賽局提供的預測當中,可以發現只有經常遵守原則的有機體才是演化穩定策略。也就是經常以原則行動,允許少數例外行為的方式可以最優化有機體在面對環境和其他個體的生存能力。因此,最好的解釋是,演化出歸納式行為是必然的演化過程。 的確人類的歸納法和非人類的歸納式行為不盡相同,但我想這並不妨礙其是由演化必然產生的產物。如同猿猴的心智並不如人類敏銳,但猿猴和人類的祖先都共有一樣的心智。本論文的主張有經驗上和賽局上的兩個基礎支持,這多少能幫助我們釐清困擾多年的歸納法問題。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T06:10:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-99-R94124008-1.pdf: 1172068 bytes, checksum: 91cdf59b8504eba4dec64eb20b7a829e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
第一章 歸納法與歸納法問 題 ........................................................ 1 第一節 歸納推理 .............................................................................................................. 1 第二節 Hume 的歸納法問題 ............................................................................................ 6 第三節 對Hume 歸納法問題的回應(一) .................................................................... 10 第四節 對Hume 歸納法問題的回應(二) .................................................................... 18 第五節 對Hume 歸納法問題的回應(三) .................................................................... 24 第六節 Popper 與歸納法問題 ........................................................................................ 30 第二章 物種演化與歸納法 ..................................................................................................... 33 第一節 思想實驗的不足 ................................................................................................ 35 第二節 條件行為-歸納法的演化證據 ........................................................................ 39 第三節 自然化知識論的產物:演化知識論 ................................................................ 48 第三章 歸納生物的演化賽局模型 ....................................................................................... 57 第一節 演化賽局理論 .................................................................................................... 59 第二節 歸納生物的演化賽局 ........................................................................................ 62 第三節 歸納生物的必然性 ............................................................................................ 75 第四章 結論 ............................................................................................................................. 79 參考書目 ................................................................................................................................. 81 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 一個演化賽局下對於休謨歸納法問題的回答 | zh_TW |
dc.title | A Solution for Hume’s Problem of Induction in Evolutionary Game Theory | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 98-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.coadvisor | 苑舉正 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 傅皓政 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 休謨,歸納法問題,演化賽局,自然化知識論, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Hume,Problem of Induction,Evolutionary Game Theory,Naturalized Epistemology, | en |
dc.relation.page | 90 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2010-08-15 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 文學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 哲學研究所 | zh_TW |
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