三種複層外殼建築之熱環境實驗研究

Abstract

台灣氣候濕熱，夏季高溫冬季濕冷，因應地球節能減碳，被動式的綠建築設計已受到重視，但是仍缺乏實屋實地實驗的資料作為驗證。 本研究在台灣台北縣三芝鄉建構三種不同複層外殼材料的戶外實驗屋進行實測，實驗屋採用不對稱「人」字型屋頂且開天窗之設計，可增加通風換氣卻不會被雨水侵入；並將房屋底部架高可有效的避免因地氣潮濕而影響室內實驗數據，使複層外殼之空氣層輻射熱量因熱冷交換而帶走，此方法能有效達到實驗目的與結果。另外經由量測溫度、濕度、與風速等資料，計算其屋頂熱阻隔能力，並加入多種分析方法如熱焓差與日較差進行分析。 本實驗結果，夏季平均熱焓差隔熱率分別為A屋複層材料45％，B屋複層材料為63％，C屋複層材料為66％，冬季保溫平均改善率為A屋0%、B屋38%、C屋46%，未來可利用此研究成果作更多外殼材料進行評估。

It is summer heat and winter damp climate in Taiwan. In response to global carbon reduction, green building and passive design has been attached, but still lacks real estate field as a verification test results. In this research, three-compartment experimental housing was constructed by three different shell materials in Taiwan, Taipei County, Sanjhih. Housing for the outdoor experiment measured the experimental house using asymmetric 'people' shaped roof and open a window design to increase ventilation and avoid water intrusion. The bottom shelf in housing could avoid the influence of the experimental results from air humidity. In this research, a heat exchange method is provided would lead to remove indoor heat more efficiently. On the roof and walls of the shell material were investigated, by measuring temperature, humidity, and wind speed data to calculate the thermal barrier capacity, and adding a number of methods such as enthalpy difference and the daily range for analysis. The average enthalpy difference between the summer heat were stratified material A housing 45%, B housing complex layer of material 63%, C housing complex layer of material is 66%, the average improvement rate of A winter insulation housing 0% , B housing 38%, C 46% of housing. The follow-up studies could assess more shell material by the results of this research.