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  1. NTU Theses and Dissertations Repository
  2. 法律學院
  3. 法律學系
請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件: http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/46975
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位值語言
dc.contributor.advisor林子儀
dc.contributor.authorYu-Jui Changen
dc.contributor.author張育叡zh_TW
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-15T05:44:26Z-
dc.date.available2016-08-22
dc.date.copyright2011-08-22
dc.date.issued2011
dc.date.submitted2011-08-18
dc.identifier.citation中文文獻
專書
〈從保護隱私權的觀點論基因資訊的利用與法的規範〉,林子儀、蔡明誠主編,《基
因技術挑戰與法律回應─基因科技與法律研討會論文集》,頁293-294,
(2003)。
生物科技與法律研究規劃,計畫主持人:葉俊榮,協同研究人員:林子儀、李茂
生、謝銘洋、顏厥安,計畫編號:NSC89-2420-H-002-020,頁9-13。
林子儀(2001)。〈從保障隱私權的觀點論基因資訊的利用與法的規制〉,「基因科
技的倫理、社會與社會議題」學術研討會。
林子儀(2003)。〈從保護隱私權的觀點論基因資訊的利用與法的規範〉,林子儀、
蔡明誠主編,《基因技術挑戰與法律回應─基因科技與法律研討會論文集》,
頁241、265-266、275-276、281。
林國明(2003)。〈風險政治與基因科技政策的民主參與:基因重組技術發展初期
的風險爭議〉,林子儀、蔡明誠主編,《基因技術挑戰與法律回應─基因科技
與法律研討會論文集》,頁327-331。
邱盈翠、黃居正(2009)。〈公共領域的結構轉型─理論變遷與司法實務的觀點〉,
劉靜怡、邱彭生、黃居正主編,《傳統智慧與公共領域─原住民族傳統智慧
創作保護》,頁254-256。
基因科技之法律規範與社會衝擊研究:基因研究所衍生法律問題,計畫主持人:
蔡明誠,協同研究人員:林子儀、陳聰富、顏厥安、陳妙芬、謝銘洋,計畫編號:NSC90-2420-h002-007,頁31-37。
基因科技之法律管制體系與社會衝擊之研究,計畫主持人:林子儀,協同研究人
員:張苙雲、李茂生、顏厥安、蔡宗珍、周志宏,計畫編號:
NSC88-2418-H-002-026,頁13。
基因科技研發與應用相關法律規範之研究:基因檢測與基因治療之相關法律問
題,計畫主持人:蔡明誠,協同研究人員:林子儀、謝銘洋、顏厥安、陳聰
富、陳妙芬,計畫編號:NSC91-3112-H-002-003,頁9-13。
葉俊榮(1993),〈告知後同意:農藥輸出政策分析與檢討〉,《環境政策與法律》,
台北:月旦。
劉宏恩(2009)。〈生醫資料庫研究中的權利與義務:個人自主與社會正義間的協調
(Right and Duty in Biobank Research: Balancing Individual Autonomy and
Social Justice)〉,《基因科技倫理與法律─生物醫學研究的自律、他律與國家
規範》,頁190, 204-206。
劉宏恩(2009)。〈冰島設立全民醫療及基因資料庫之法律政策評析:論其經驗及爭
議對我國之啟示〉,《基因科技倫理與法律─生物醫學研究的自律、他律與國
家規範》,頁1-60。
劉宏恩(2009)。〈基因科技與人文議題:基因資料庫研究在國際法上引發的爭議及
其規範方向〉,《基因科技倫理與法律─生物醫學研究的自律、他律與國家規
範》,頁219-225。
劉宏恩(2009)。〈基因研究與人權保護〉,《基因科技倫理與法律─生物醫學研究的
自律、他律與國家規範》,頁245。
劉宏恩(2009)。〈試評日本基因資料庫之相關倫理規範與制度設計:以其組織運作
及告知後同意問題為討論核心〉,《基因科技倫理與法律─生物醫學研究的自律、他律與國家規範》,頁171-183。
劉宏恩(2009)。〈論生物醫學研究中利益衝突(Conflict of Interest)問題之規範:以
利益衝突之基本概念及規範上之必要性為討論核心〉,《基因科技倫理與法律
─生物醫學研究的自律、他律與國家規範》。
劉宏恩,2009。〈基因研究與人權保護:以Taiwan Biobank之相關研究為例〉,《基
因科技倫理與法律─生物醫學研究的自律、他律與國家規範》,頁240-253、
258-259、266-268。
劉靜怡(2009)。〈建立原住民公共領域─政策與規範的考察〉,劉靜怡、邱彭生、
黃居正主編,《傳統智慧與公共領域─原住民族傳統智慧創作保護》,頁
98-100、102-104。
蔡明誠(2003)。〈基因研究人體檢體採樣與原住民受試相關法律問題探討〉,林子
儀、蔡明誠主編,《基因技術挑戰與法律回應─基因科技與法律研討會論文
集》,頁531-535、590-592。
顏厥安(2003)。〈財產、人格,還是資訊?論人類基因的法律地位〉,林子儀、蔡
明誠主編,《基因技術挑戰與法律回應─基因科技與法律研討會論文集》,頁
639-690.
期刊
江姮姬(2001)。〈從哈伯瑪斯的溝通行為理論來探討我國教科書審查制度〉,《國
教學報》,第十三期,頁148-149。
吳秀瑾(2006)。〈關懷倫理的道德蘊涵:試論女性主義的道德知識生產與實踐〉,
《國立政治大學哲學學報》,第16期,頁109-112。
邱文聰(2006)。〈實證科學在法學研究中的數個應用層面與潛在問題〉,《中央研
究院週報》,第1074期,頁5-7。
邱文聰(2007)。〈從「人工生殖法」的適用主體談生育自由的雙面性格〉,《法令
月刊》,第58卷第8期,頁146-153。
邱文聰(2008)。〈人權災難的開始?-論「個人資料保護法」之修正〉,《TAHRPAS》。
邱文聰(2008)。〈在法與科學的幽微交界處:導讀「公衛風險的法律建構」〉,《科
技發展與法律規範雙年刊:公衛風險的法律建構》,第1卷,v-viii。
邱文聰(2008)。〈被忽略的(立法)事實—探詢實證科學在規範論證中的可能角
色兼評釋字第584號解釋〉,《臺大法學論叢》,第37卷第2期,頁233-284。
邱文聰(2008)。〈普羅米修斯之火與個人自主性與及選擇權的極限:生命科學對
法學的挑戰〉,《人文與社會科學簡訊》,第10卷第1期,頁36-41。
邱文聰(2010)。〈危機中的公共科學—挑戰或契機?導讀「科學管制、學術研究
自由與多元民主價值」〉,《科技發展與法律規範雙年刊:科學管制、學術研
究自由與多元民主價值》,第2期,頁ix-xvi。
邱文聰(2010)。〈科學研究自由與第三波科學民主化的挑戰:對「知識憲法」與「政
治憲法」二分的一個批判考察 〉,《科技發展與法律規範雙年刊:科學管制、
學術研究自由與多元民主價值》,第2期,頁61-115。
邱文聰、莊惠凱(2010)。〈建置當代人類研究倫理的治理架構:一個反身凝視的
契機〉,《人文與社會科學簡訊》,第12卷第1期,頁33-39。
莊惠凱、邱文聰(2010)。〈台灣人類研究倫理治理架構之推動〉,《人文與社會科
學簡訊》,第12卷第1期,頁4-9。
葉俊榮(2001)。〈生物科技法律人才與研究議題取向〉,《生物科技與法律研究通
訊》,頁32-38。
劉靜怡(2001)。〈是科技﹖是法律﹖還是科技法律﹖─ 從規範研究軌跡的觀察看
臺灣的新興研究教學風潮〉,《律師雜誌》,第二五九期,頁69-87。
劉靜怡(2003)。〈基因資訊規範議題淺析〉,《律師雜誌》,第二八五期,頁76。
劉靜怡(2004)。〈DNA採樣、犯罪預防和人權保障〉,《台灣法學雜誌》,第一二四
期,頁119-123。
劉靜怡(2004)。〈正視法律和其他學科的溝通和對話關係─從法律學的經濟分析取
向談起〉,《律師雜誌》,第二九九期,頁3-5。
劉靜怡(2005)。〈醫療秘密與出版自由——評歐洲人權法院之Plon v. France案〉,
《台灣本土法學雜誌》,第七十三期,頁97-114。
劉靜怡(2007)。〈隱私權:第四講─隱私權保障與生醫科技時代〉,《月旦法學教
室》,第六十期,頁30-36。
蔡明誠(2001)。〈談生物科技與法律互動、分工與整合之研究規劃與推動〉,《生
物科技與法律研究通訊》,頁62-63。
蔡明誠,2001。〈基因技術與發明專利〉,《生物科技與法律研究通訊》,第十一期,
頁19-42。
顏厥安(2001)。〈由ELSI反省法學研究的幾個不同觀點〉,《生物科技與法律研究
通訊》,頁52。

報章雜誌
〈「吸血鬼」來來去去 踐踏原民尊嚴〉,中國時報,社會綜合版,﹝2001.03.19﹞。
〈我的血液 你的專利 原民被犧牲?〉,聯合報,A5版,﹝2010.03.22﹞。
〈建置華人基因資料庫求血若渴〉,中國時報,A10版,﹝2003.07.22﹞。
〈原民基因風波 國衛院撤案〉,聯合報,A10版,﹝2010.03.24﹞。
〈院士會議通過設全民基因庫〉,聯合晚報,4版,﹝2000.07.04﹞。
〈暫停違規實驗 哈佛,給安徽農民一個交待〉,環球時報,A11,﹝2002.04.11﹞。
網路資源
〈哈佛校長首次承認在華人體研究極其錯誤〉,新華網,﹝2002.05.16﹞,
http://big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/st/2002-05/16/content_395127.htm 。
〈立委痛批︰原住民檢體 竟在國外網站兜售〉,自由電子報,﹝2011/03/08﹞,
http://www.libertytimes.com.tw/2011/new/mar/8/today-life13.htm。
〈RCA污染案 民事求償15年來首次進入實體訴訟〉,環境資訊中心,
http://e-info.org.tw/node/49251。
〈訴訟路漫漫 何時還公道〉,財團法人法律扶助基金會,
http://www.laf.org.tw/tw/b3_1_2.php?msg1=29&msg2=352&PHPSESSID=fum6e7vbp66cs93c7oqjprsdt0。
「台灣地區基因體意向調查」,中研院網站,
http://survey.sinica.edu.tw/research/pdf/93/93F1_T200405.pdf。
中華民國統計資訊網,
http://www1.stat.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=15408&CtNode=4692&mp=3。
主計處網站,http://www1.stat.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=549&ctNode=547。
林國明,〈科技政策民主化的可能與限制:以台灣基因改造食品公民會議為例〉,
http://www.nsc.gov.tw/scicircus/public/Attachment/95149145471.pdf。
陳信行,〈司法正義與科學事實如何交會?從Daubert爭議看法律、科學與社會〉,
《第二屆STS學會年會暨會員大會─差異與連結:STS、工程與社會》,
http://www.yaw.com.tw/sts/2010/2010-d.html。
陳瑞麟,〈RCA事件調查的因果推理〉,《第二屆STS學會年會暨會員大會─差異
與連結:STS、工程與社會》,http://www.yaw.com.tw/sts/2010/2010-d.html。

英文文獻
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dc.identifier.urihttp://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/46975-
dc.description.abstract基因研究領域中,關於族群利益的問題最早是在二十多年前開始被討論。隨著西方國家對研究客體的需求,他們逐漸把眼光放在開發中、未開發國家人民的基因上。開發中及未開發國家並未了解到自身基因的珍貴性,因此未設立保護機制。加上西方國家以群體而非個人為單位進行基因研究,使得基因研究不僅對被研究的個人,甚至對整個族群都造成巨大的危害。
除了已開發國家對開發中、未開發國家的基因資源剝削外,一個國家中的行政權力也會對弱勢的少數族群進行基因剝削。這種剝削關係在基因研究,尤其是人體生物資料庫中,更是發揮得淋漓盡致。但是,在知識及力量不對稱的情況下,讓支配者予取予求。雖然生物倫理嘗試透過告知後同意來保障少數族群的基因研究,但告知後同意的保護是否足夠、是否仍需要其他機制補充,都是重要的問題。
本論文先對所欲討論的人體生物資料庫、少數族群概念加以說明。接著,結合外國立法例,討論各國發展人體生物資料庫的原因及發展過程,並說明各國在基因研究中,對同意制度的各種規範。整理結果發現,各國大多採行告知後同意制度,因而開始檢討傳統告知後同意制度是否有所不足,並試著建構團體同意以補強之。本論文更進一步自公共參與的角度切入,從政策上看待應如何保護對於少數族群基因的研究蒐集少數族群基因應如何被保護。
本論文研究發現,基因特性在於人與人之間的連結,一個人的基因會與其他家族成員共同分享。因此,在生物醫學研究時,族群的重要性可能不下於個人。由於基因的共享特性,使得人之間產生緊密的連結,這不只表現在家族成員之間,更延伸至整個族群。然而人體資料庫為求較大的研究實益,多以整個族群為單位搜集基因,因此,在生物醫學研究時,族群的重要性可能不下於個人。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstractIn the field of genetic research, the concern about group interest has been in continuous discussion since twenty years ago. With the need of gene for research, western countries became to focus on the people of developing and underdeveloped countries for their valuable gene resources. All this countries proceed their genetic research using “group” as a unit, not “individual”, making not only individual but also whole group in peril.
Besides the genetic exploitation done by developed countries towards developing or least-developed countries, administrative authorities would often conduct genetic exploitation towards minority groups within the country. This kind of exploitative relationship in genetic research reaches its peak in the context of establishing Human Body Biological Database, or simply, “Biobank”. Through collecting human gene, biobank makes endeavor to find out the reasons of disease and try to prevent it. Unfortunately, the asymmetry of knowledge and power makes the situation worse. Although traditional bioethics tries to solve the problem by applying informed consent system, there are still many problems on questions reside in whether informed consent is enough for protecting minority when minorities face genetic exploitation. These are the questions we do need to ponder on.
In the beginning, this thesis tries to illustrate the concept of biobank and minority. After the illustration, we compare different biobanks in global perspectives. The intention is to realize what kinds of consent systems these countries use in genetic research. The result shows that group consent was not adopted by any countries in the world. After that, this thesis begins to examine the problems lie in informed consent system, trying to construct the theory of group consent to improve it. Moreover, from the perspective of public participation, this thesis tries to understand how to protect minority in domestic policy.
We deeply believe that the nature of gene is between person and person, and we share our gene with others in any circumstance. Biobank collecting their gene tissues uses group as a unit. Therefore, all this evident shows that, in biomedical research, group is never inferior to a single person.
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dc.description.tableofcontents目次
1.緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究方法 3
1.3 論文架構 4
1.4 研究範圍 5
1.5 名詞定義 9
1.5.1 人體生物資料庫(biobank) 9
1.5.2 以人口為基礎的人體生物資料庫(population-based biobank) 10
1.5.3 以疾病研究為基礎的人體生物資料庫(epidemiological biobank) 10
1.5.4 個人化醫療(personalised medicine) 10
1.5.5 告知後同意 11
1.5.6 族群與種族 13
2 人類基因體計畫與人體生物資料庫 16
2.1 人類基因體計畫與人體生物資料庫 16
2.1.1「人類基因體計畫」 16
2.1.2 人體生物資料庫─以大規模人口為研究基礎的特性 17
2.1.3少數族群基因的特殊性 17
2.2 人體生物資料庫可能會發生的問題 18
2.2.1 人體生物資料庫涉及人民隱私,屬於個人隱私權的核心 18
2.2.2 基因研究在特定研究目的下,個體可能會長期被追蹤 21
2.2.3 編碼化、匿名化並不影響侵害隱私權的事實 22
2.2.4 資訊保護的問題 24
2.2.5 研究結果產生的基因歧視 25
2.2.6同意的問題 26
2.2.7 生物科技研究最終必然商業化 28
2.2.8 招募基因提供的手段會有倫理上、法律上的問題 30
3 各國基因資料庫與同意權比較:團體同意的缺席 32
3.1 序 32
3.2 各國基因資料庫發展之社會脈絡與未發展團體同意之原因 35
3.2.1 追求國家目的而影響團體同意的發展 35
3.2.2 因民族性而影響團體同意的發展 44
3.2.3 特殊歷史背景而影響團體同意的發展 50
3.2 各國人體生物資料庫同意制度比較 61
3.3 小結 68
4 告知後同意對少數族群保障之不足:團體同意的可能性 70
4.1 序 70
4.2 團體同意概念的建構 72
4.2.1 以傳統醫療倫理出發的基因管制(強調「個人自主」、「機密」、「告知後同意」概念)已經不再合適 72
4.2.2 人民有道德上義務參與基因研究來看,更須要團體同意來保障少數族群 84
4.2.3 從關懷倫理學的觀點對傳統告知後同意理論的批判 92
4.2.4 個人能力的觀點觀察基因研究不適宜僅由個人同意 95
4.3 檢驗團體及團體權的內涵:collective group或corporate group的不同與如何適用 97
4.3.1 The collective group( the right from collective rights) 98
4.3.2 The corporate group (the corporate model of group rights) 99
4.3.3 The corporate group的優缺點 99
4.3.4 The collective group的優缺點 101
4.4 我國法團體同意的探討 108
4.4.1 法律上應認為我國已經明文規定原住民團體之團體同意 108
4.4.2 以我國人體生物資料庫基因研究本身設計觀察,亦應採團體同意 116
4.5 小結 118
5 透過公共參與保障少數族群 120
5.1 序 120
5.2 本章架構 123
5.3 少數族群公共參與的溝通平台 125
5.3.1 「公共領域」與「溝通行為理論」做為溝通平台的功能 126
5.3.2 公民社會團體做為輔助溝通平台順暢的作用 129
5.4 英國人體生物資料庫的公共參與模式─「公共諮詢」(Public Consultation)與其缺陷 131
5.4.1 英國人體生物資料庫的基本架構 131
5.4.2 英國人體生物資料庫「公共諮詢」制度上的缺陷 134
5.4.3 基因提供者在董事會並無代表 137
5.4.4 「倫理與管理委員會」(EGC)雖為獨立機構,但無監督權、否決權 137
5.5 如何選擇人體生物資料庫公共參與模式來保障少數族群 138
5.5.1 「職業工會模式」(Trade Unionism) 139
5.5.2 「公司法上股東模式」 139
5.5.3 「民法上慈善信託制度」(The Biotrust Model) 140
5.5.4 「利害關係人參與模式」(Stakeholder model) 142
5.5.5 小結 143
5.6 我國法的省思 147
5.6.1我國所指人體生物資料庫利害關係人範圍為何 147
5.6.2 我國人體生物資料庫中少數族群公共參與之分析 151
5.6.3 我國人體生物資料庫該如何借用利害關係人模式來保護少數族群 155
5.7 小結 157
6 結論 159
參考文獻 162
dc.language.isozh-TW
dc.subject公共參與zh_TW
dc.subject基因zh_TW
dc.subject人體生物資料庫zh_TW
dc.subject少數族群zh_TW
dc.subject告知後同意zh_TW
dc.subject團體同意zh_TW
dc.subjectbiobanken
dc.subjectpublic participationen
dc.subjectgroup consenten
dc.subjectinformed consenten
dc.subjectminorityen
dc.subjectgeneen
dc.title少數族群在人體生物資料庫中基因蒐集之保障
─團體同意與公共參與
zh_TW
dc.titleProtecting Minority in Biobank: Collective Consent and Public Participationen
dc.typeThesis
dc.date.schoolyear99-2
dc.description.degree碩士
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee葉俊榮,李茂生,劉靜怡,邱文聰
dc.subject.keyword基因,人體生物資料庫,少數族群,告知後同意,團體同意,公共參與,zh_TW
dc.subject.keywordgene,biobank,minority,informed consent,group consent,public participation,en
dc.relation.page170
dc.rights.note有償授權
dc.date.accepted2011-08-19
dc.contributor.author-college法律學院zh_TW
dc.contributor.author-dept法律學研究所zh_TW
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