國中學生生活適應與幸福感之研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探究台灣地區23縣市的國中一至三年級學生之生活適應與幸福感的現況。本研究採用問卷調查法，以台灣地區23縣市1,584名國中學生為研究對象；再以SPSS12.0統計軟體進行克拉斯卡-瓦立斯檢定（Kruskal-Wallis test） 、斯皮爾曼等級相關(Spearman ranks correlation)、邏吉斯迴歸分析（Logistic regression）等方法進行統計分析資料。得到以下發現： 一、不同性別的國中學生在幸福感、個人適應、人際適應及整體生活適應上具顯著差異。 二、不同年級國中學生在幸福感、個人適應、家庭適應、學校適應及整體生活適應上皆具顯著差異。 三、在家庭型態上的差異發現，出生序在幸福感、生活適應總層面及分層面上無顯著差異。不同父母管教方式在幸福感受、個人適應、家庭適應、學校適應、人際適應及整體生活適應上皆具顯著差異。而在父母婚姻狀況上，父母婚姻狀況不同學生之幸福感無顯著差異，而在家庭適應及整體生活適應上具顯著差異。 四、生活適應四個層面與幸福感層面之間皆具有正相關，而整體的生活適應與幸福感之間亦存有正相關的關係。可知當國中學生其在個人適應、家庭適應、學校適應、人際適應及整體生活適應程度愈高，則其幸福感受也會相對的提高。 五、國中學生的背景變項及生活適應四個分層面變項中，是否為民主式管教方式、個人適應、家庭適應及是否為一年級四個變項對幸福感受高低具有顯著的預測力。

The primary purpose of this study was to examine the life adjustment and well-being of junior high school students. A questionnaire survey is used, targeting seventh to nineth graders in 23 cities and counties in Taiwan, 1584 students were selected by stratifiedsampling. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman rank correlation and Logistic regression. Through SPSS12.0 statistical software analysis, suggestions for parents and teachers were drawn: 1. Significant differences existed in gender of junior high school students regarding interpersonal adjustment, personal adjustment, the overall life adjustment and Well-being. 2. Significant differences existed in grade levels of junior high school students regarding personal adjustment, school adjustment, family adjustment,the overall life adjustment and Well-being. 3. Birth order has no differences in the life adjustment and well-being. 4. Significant differences existed in the democratic style of parenting style of junior high school students regarding personal adjustment, family adjustment, school adjustment, interpersonal adjustment, the overall life adjustment and well-being. 5. Significant differences does not existed in the parents marital Status of junior high school students regarding family adjustment and the overall life adjustment. Marital status of parents in the well-being was no significant difference. 6. Four levels of life adjustment, the overall life adjustment and well-being are a positive correlation. 7. The level of well-being could be predicted by the variables of “Authoritative parenting style”,“Personal adjustment”,“family adaptation”and “First grade level”.