請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件：
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/46113完整後設資料紀錄
| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 周崇熙 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Shr-Fong Jiang | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 蔣世峯 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T04:54:22Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2015-08-20 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2010-08-20 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2010 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2010-07-30 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | 林正忠，2008。台灣上市期豬、雞沙氏桿菌之分離率、血清型分佈及抗藥性研究。碩士論文。國立中興大學獸醫學系暨研究所。
邱乾順，吳和生，2007。食因性細菌傳染分子分型監測網(PulseNet)簡介。疫情報導23，204-221。 周崇熙，蔡向榮，2001。台灣肉雞沙氏桿菌、彎曲桿菌之盛行率及抗菌劑感受性調查。中華獸醫誌 27(1): 27-38。 黃凰綺，2009。北臺灣白肉雞場污染沙門氏桿菌之風險因子分析暨全臺家禽場飼料之沙門氏桿菌污染調查。碩士論文。國立臺灣大學獸醫專業學院獸醫學研究所。 Anderson RJ, House JK, Smith BP, Kinde H, Walker RL, Vande Steeg BJ, Breitmeyer RE, 2001, Epidemiologic and biological characteristics of salmonellosis in three dairy herds. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 219(3):310-22. Arun KB, 2008, Foodborne microbial pathogens: mechanisms and pathogens. 11. Salmonella enterica 201‐16. Bailey JS, Cox NA, Craven SE, Cosby DE, 2002, Serotype tracking of Salmonella through integrated broiler chicken operations. J Food Prot. 65(5):742–5. Bailey JS, Stern NJ, Fedorka-Cray P, Craven SE, Cox NA, Cosby DE, Ladely S, Musgrove MT, 2001, Sources and movement of Salmonella through integrated poultry operations: a multistate epidemiological investigation. J Food Prot. 64(11):1690-7. Barbour EK, Nabbut NH, 1982, Isolation of Salmonella and some other potential pathogens from two chicken breeding farms in Saudi Arabia. Avian Dis. 26(2):234-44. Basim EH, Basim H, 2001, Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) Technique and its use in Molecular Biology. Turk J Biol. 25:405-18. Bäumler AJ, Hargis BM, Tsolis RM, 2000, Tracing the origins of Salmonella outbreaks. Science. 287(5450):50-2. Benschop J, Stevenson MA, Dahl J, Morris RS, French NP, 2008, Temporal and longitudinal analysis of Danish Swine Salmonellosis Control Programme data: implications for surveillance. Epidemiol Infect. 136(11):1511-20. Brenner FW, Villar RG, Angulo FJ, Tauxe R, Swaminathan B, 2000, Salmonella Nomenclature. J Clin Microbiol. 38(7): 2465-7. Buck PA, Werker DH, 1998, Salmonellosis: no longer just a chicken and egg story. CMAJ. 159(1):63-6. Burr R, Effler P, Kanenaka R, Nakata M, Holland B, Angulo FJ, 2005, Emergence of Salmonella serotype Enteritidis phage type 4 in Hawaii traced to locally-produced eggs. Int J Infect Dis. 9(6):340–6. Buzby JC, Farah HA, 2006, Chicken consumption continues longrun rise. Amber Waves 4:5. CDC, 2010, PulseNet. http://www.cdc.gov/pulsenet Chittick P, Sulka A, Tauxe RV, Fry AM, 2006, A summary of national reports of foodborne outbreaks of Salmonella Heidelberg infections in the United States: Clues for disease prevention. J. Food Prot. 69:1150–3. Coggon D, Rose G, Barker DJP, 1997, Epidemiology for the Uninitiated (forth editon). BMJ (British Medical Journal) Publishing. Chapter 7, “Longitudinal studies” and Chapter 8, “Case-control and cross sectional studies” Cox NA, Berrang ME, Cason JA, 2000, Salmonella penetration of egg shells and proliferation in broiler hatching eggs--a review. Poult Sci. 79(11):1571-4. Davies RH, Breslin M., 2003, Persistence of Salmonella Enteritidis phage type 4 in the environment and arthropod vectors on an empty free-range chicken farm. Environ Microbiol. 5(2):79-84. Davies RH and Wray C, 1994, An approach to reduction of Salmonella infection in broiler chicken flocks through intensive sampling and identification of cross-contamination hazards in commercial hatcheries. Int J Food Microbiol 24(1-2):147-60. Darwin KH, Miller VL, 1999, Molecular basis of the interaction of Salmonella with the intestinal mucosa. Clin Microbiol Rev 12(3), 405‐28. Duffy G, Cloak OM, O'Sullivan MG, Guillet A, Sheridan JJ, Blair IS, McDowell DA, 1999, The incidence and antibiotic resistance profiles of Salmonella spp. on Irish retail meat products. Food Microbiology. 16(6): 623-31. Fernandez J, Fica A, Ebensperger G, Calfullan H, Prat S, Fernandez A, Alexandre M, Heitmann I, 2003, Analysis of molecular epidemiology of chilean Salmonella enteric serovar Enteritidis isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and bacteriophage typing. J Clin Microbiol. 41(4): 1617-22. Foley SL, Lynne AM, 2008, Food animal-associated Salmonella challenges: Pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance. J Anim Sci. 86(14 Suppl): E173-87. Foley SL, Lynne AM, Nayak R, 2008, Salmonella challenges: prevalence in swine and poultry and potential pathogenicity of such isolates. J Anim Sci. 86(14 Suppl): E149-62. Fontana J, Stout A, Bolstorff B, Timperi R, 2003, Automated ribotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for rapid identification of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enteric serovar Newport. Emerg Infect Dis 9: 496-9. Forshell LP, Wierup M, 2006, Salmonella contamination: a significant challenge to the global marketing of animal food products. Rev sci tech Off int Epiz. 25(2): 541-54. Gautom RK, 1997, Rapid pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis protocol for typing of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other gram‐negative organisms in 1 day. J Clin Microbiol. 35(11): 2977‐80. Gast RK, 1997, Detecting infections of chickens with recent Salmonella Pullorum isolates using standard serological methods. Poult Sci. 76(1):17-23. Gast RK, 2007, Serotype-specific and serotype-independent strategies for preharvest control of food-borne Salmonella in poultry. Avian Dis. 51(4):817-28. Gast RK, Guard-Bouldin J, Holt PS, 2004, Colonization of reproductive organs and internal contamination of eggs after experimental infection of laying hens with Salmonella Heidelberg and Salmonella Enteritidis. Avian Dis. 48(4):863-9. Genigeorgis CA, 1976, Quality control for fermented meats. J Am Vet Med Asso. 169:1220-8. Gerner-Smidt P, Hise K, Kincaid J, Hunter S, Rolando S, Hyytiä-Trees E, Ribot EM, Swaminathan B; Pulsenet Taskforce, 2006, PulseNet USA: a five-year update. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 3(1):9-19. Graves RC, Maclaury DW, 1962, The effects of temperature, vapor pressure, and absolute humidity on bacterial contamination of shell eggs. Poult Sci. 41:1219-25. ISO, 2002, EN ISO 6579:2002. Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs‐Horizontal method for the detection of Salmonella spp. Jacobs-Reitsma WF, 1995, Campylobacter bacteria in breeder flocks. Avian Dis. 39(2):355-9. Juven BJ, Cox NA, Bailey JS, Thomson JE, Charles OW, and Schutze JV, 1984, Recovery of Salmonella from artificially contaminated poultry feeds in non-selective and selective broth media. J Food Prot 47: 299-302. Kim A, Lee YJ, Kang MS, Kwag SI, Cho JK, 2007, Dissemination and tracking of Salmonella spp. in integrated broiler operation. J Vet Sci. 8(2):155-61. Kudaka J, Itokazu K, Taira K, Iwai A, Kondo M, Susa T, Iwanaga M, 2006, Characterization of Salmonella isolated in Okinawa, Japan. Jpn J Infect Dis. 59 (1):15-19. Kwon YK, Kim A, Kang MS, Her M, Jung BY, Lee KM, Jeong W, An BK, Kwon JH, 2010, Prevalence and characterization of Salmonella Gallinarum in the chicken in Korea during 2000 to 2008. Poult Sci. 89(2):236-42. Lauderdale TL, Aarestrup FM, Chen PC, Lai JF, Wang HY, Shiau YR, Huang IW, Hung CL, 2006, Multidrug resistance among different serotypes of clinical Salmonella isolates in Taiwan. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 55(2): 149-55. Liljebjelke KA, Hofacre CL, Liu T, White DG, Ayers S, Young S, Maurer JJ, 2005, Vertical and horizontal transmission of Salmonella within integrated broiler production system. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2(1):90-102. Lee YJ, Kim HJ, Park CK, Kim KS, Bae DH, Kang MS, Cho JK, Kim AR, Kim JW, Kim BH., 2007, Characterization of Salmonella spp. isolated from an integrated broiler chicken operation in Korea. J Vet Med Sci. 69(4):399-404. Mead PS, Slutsker L, Griffin PM, Tauxe RV, 1999, Food-related illness and death in the United States reply to Dr. Hedberg. Emerg Infect Dis. 5(6):841-2. Minor LL, 1988, Facultatively anaerobic gram-negative Rods. In J G Holt, Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 1st ed, Williams and Wilkinsm, Baltomore, USA. 427-58. Namata H, Welby S, Aerts M, Faes C, Abrahantes JC, Imberechts H, Vermeersch K, Hooyberghs J, Meroc E, Mintiens K, 2009, Identification of risk factors for the prevalence and persistence of Salmonella in Belgian broiler chicken flocks. Prev Vet Med. 90(3-4):211-22. Naugle AL, Barlow KE, Eblen DR, Teter V, Umholtz R, 2006, U.S. Food safety and inspection service testing for Salmonella in selected raw meat and poultry products in the United States, 1998 through 2003: Analysis of set results. J. Food Prot. 69(11):2607–14. Olsen SJ, Bishop R, Brenner FW, Roels TH, Bean N, Tauxe RV, Slutsker L, 2001, The changing epidemiology of salmonella: trends in serotypes isolated from humans in the United States, 1987-1997. J Infect Dis. 183(5):753-61. Otomo Y, Abe K, Odagiri K, Shiroto A, Takatori K, Hara-Kudo Y., 2007, Detection of Salmonella in spent hens and eggs associated with foodborne infections. Avian Dis. 51(2):578-83. Pan TM, Chiou CS, Hsu SY, Huang HC, Wang TK, Chiu SI, Yea HL, and Lee CL, 1996, Food-borne disease outbreaks in Taiwan, 1994. J Formos Med Assoc. 95(5): 417-20. Pan TM, Wang TK, Lee CL, Chien SW, and Horng CB, 1997, Food-borne disease outbreaks due to bacteria in Taiwan, 1986-1995. J Clin Microbiol 35: 1260-2. Poppe C, Duncan CL, Mazzocco A, 1998, Salmonella contamination of hatching and table eggs: a comparison. Can J Vet Res. 62(3):191-8. Rabsch W, Tschape H and Baumler AJ, 2001, Non-typhoidal salmonellosis: emerging problems. Microbes Infect.3(3): 237-47. Rose BE, Hill WE, Umholtz R, Ransom GM, James WO, 2002, Testing for Salmonella in raw meat and poultry products collected at federally inspected establishments in the United States, 1998 through 2000. J. Food Prot. 65(6):937–47. Rose N, 1999, Risk factors for Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica contamination in French broiler-chicken flocks at the end of the rearing period. Prev Vet Med. 39(4):265-77. Roy P, Dhillon AS, Lauerman LH, Schaberg DM, Bandli D, Johnson S, 2002, Results of Salmonella isolation from poultry products, poultry, poultry environment, and other characteristics. Avian Dis. 46(1):17-24. Rusul G, Khair J, Radu S, Cheah CT, Yassin RM, 1996, Prevalence of Salmonella in broilers at retail outlets, processing plants and farms in Malaysia. Int J Food Microbiol. 33(2-3):183-94. Sasipreeyajan J, Jerngklinchan J, Koowatananukul C, Saitanu K, 1996, Prevalence of Salmonellae in broiler, layer and breeder flocks in Thailand. Trop Anim Health Prod. 28(2):174-80. Sauter EA, Petersen CF, 1974, The effect of egg shell quality on penetration by various Salmonellae. Poult Sci. 53(6):2159-62. Sauter EA, Petersen CF, Parkinson JF, Steele EE, 1979, Effect of pH on eggshell penetration by Salmonellae. Poult Sci. 58(1):135-8. Schwartz DC, Saffran W, Welsh J, Haas R, Goldenberg M, Cantor CR, 1982, New techniques for purifying large DNAs and studying their prioreties and packaging. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, XLVII: 189-195. Silas JC, Carpenter JA Reagan JO, 1984, Prevalence of Salmonella in Pork Sausage. J Anim Sci. 59:122-4. Swaminathan B, Barrett TJ, Hunter SB, 2001, PulseNet: the molecular subtyping network for foodborne bacterial disease surveillance, United States. Emerg Infect Dis. 7(3):382-9. Tenover FC, Arbeit RD, Goering RV, Mickelsen PA, Murray BE, Persing DH, Swaminathan B, 1995, Interpreting chromosomal DNA restriction patterns produced by pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis: criteria for bacterial strain typing. J Clin Microbiol. 33(9): 2233‐9. Uyttendaele MR, Debevere JM, Lips RM, Neyts KD, 1998, Prevalence of Salmonella in poultry carcasses and their products in Belgium. Int J Food Microbiol. 40(1-2): 1-8. van de Giessen AW, Dufrenne JB, Ritmeester WS, Berkers PA, van Leeuwen WJ, Notermans SH, 1992, The identification of Salmonella Enteritidis-infected poultry flocks associated with an outbreak of human salmonellosis. Epidemiol Infect. 109(3):405-11. Velge P, Cloeckaert A, Barrow P, 2005, Emergence of Salmonella epidemics: the problems related to Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis and multiple antibiotic resistance in other major serotypes. Vet Res. 36(3):267-88. Vizzier-Thaxton Y, Cox NA, Richardson LJ, Buhr RJ, McDaniel CD, Cosby DE, Wilson JL, Bourassa DV, Ard MB, 2006, Apparent attachment of Campylobacter and Salmonella to broiler breeder rooster spermatozoa. Poult Sci. 85(4):619-24. Wales A, Breslin M, Carter B, Sayers R, Davies R, 2007, A longitudinal study of environmental Salmonella contamination in caged and free-range layer flocks. Avian Pathol. 36(3):187-97. Wang CH, Chiou JH, Tsai HJ, Shieh HK, Shien JH, Chen CL, Lien YY, 2005, Serological Prevalence of S. Enterica Serovars Enteritidis and Pullorum in Different Types of Chickens in Taiwan During 2005. Taiwan Vetenary Journal 33, 14-9. Wedderkopp A, Gradel KO, Jørgensen JC, Madsen M, 2001, Pre-harvest surveillance of Campylobacter and Salmonella in Danish broiler flocks: a 2-year study. Int J Food Microbiol. 68(1-2):53-9. Wegener HC, Hald T, Lo Fo Wong D, Madsen M, Korsgaard H, Bager F, Gerner-Smidt P, Molbak K, 2003, Salmonella control programs in Denmark. Emerg Infect Dis. 9(7): 774-780. Wigley P, Berchieri A Jr, Page KL, Smith AL, Barrow PA, 2001, Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum persists in splenic macrophages and in the reproductive tract during persistent, disease-free carriage in chickens. Infect Immun. 69(12):7873-9. Wilson IG, 2002, Salmonella and Campylobacter contamination of raw retail chickens from different producers: a six year survey. Epidemiol Infect. 129(3):635-45. Yan SS, Pendark ML, Abela-Ridder B, Punderson JW, Fedorko DP, Foley SL, 2004, An overview of Salmonella typing Public health perspectives. Applied Immunol Rev. 4: 189-204. Yu CY, Chu C, Chou SJ, Chao MR, Yeh CM, Lo DY, Su YC, Horng YM, Weng BC, Tsay JG, Huang KC, 2008, Comparison of the association of age with the infection of Salmonella and Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium in Pekin ducks and Roman geese. Poult Sci. 87(8):1544-9. Zhao C, Ge B, De Villena J, Sudler R, Yeh E, Zhao S, White DG, Wagner D, Meng J, 2001, Prevalence of Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli, and Salmonella serovars in retail chicken, turkey, pork, and beef from the greater Washington, DC area. Appl Environ Microbiol. 67(12):5431-6. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/46113 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 沙門氏菌是造成人類食因病的重要病因之一，經常藉由食入受汙染的禽肉與禽製品感染。本調查的目的是希望能找出並釐清臺灣白肉種雞場之汙染模式，以有助於政府對白肉種雞場進行的監測計畫與沙門氏菌控制計畫之研擬。本研究針對臺灣地區十四場白肉種雞場自其一日齡雛雞進雛起進行縱向性長期觀測，樣本總共2132個，包括一日齡雛雞(只有11場從一日齡雛雞開始監測)、沾有墊料和糞便的鞋套、飼料、水樣、中止蛋與孵化出之子代小雞，並依樣本種類不同共分成為1080個檢驗樣本，總分離率為8.3% (90/1080)；其中一日齡雛雞之分離率為24.6% (15/61)；沾有墊和料糞便的鞋套之分離率為13.1% (52/398)；飼料之分離率為5.5% (16/292)；水樣之分離率為0% (0/133)；中止蛋與孵化出之子代小雞之分離率為3.6% (7/196)。在這14場白肉種雞場中只有12場能從一日齡雛雞與鞋套樣本中分離到沙門氏菌，場陽性率為85.7%(12/14)，其中以S. Albany、S. Duesseldorf與S. Schwarzengrund等血清型最常被分離到，同時利用脈衝式電泳之分子分型以將分離株進行親緣性關係鑑定。從本次調查的結果發現在臺灣地區的白肉種雞場中，以一日齡雛雞是白肉種雞場內重要的沙門氏菌感染來源，而由飼料樣本分離到之沙門氏菌血清型與基因型來看，發現飼料雖然有被沙門氏菌汙染的情形出現，但造成白肉種雞場內持續傳播感染的機率卻不高。並且同一基因型的沙門氏菌在感染後可以持續於雞場內傳播，並可能經由垂直傳播模式傳給子代的商用白肉雞，因此在選購沙門氏菌清淨的小種雞是很重要的關鍵。另外在本次調查中亦發現白肉種雞場的種雞飼育隻數、飼育設備與白肉種雞場之沙門氏菌感染關係不大。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Salmonella is one of the important causes of human food disease, and people were often infected through ingestion of contaminated poultry and poultry products. The purpose of this study is to identify and clarify the pollution patterns of broiler breeder farms in Taiwan, and help the government carry out the monitor plan and develop the Salmonella control plan of broiler breeder farms. In this study, 14 broiler breeder farms in Taiwan were investigated by longitudinal observation since the first days of the 1-day-old chicken. The total numbers of samples were 2132, including 1-day-old chicken (there are only 11 farms sent samples of 1-day-old chichken), shoe covers stained with litter and feces, feed, water, suspended eggs and hatched chicken, and was divided into 1080 test samples according to the different types of samples. The total isolation rate was 8.3% (90/1080); the isolation rate of 1-day-old chicken was 24.6% (15/61); the isolation rate of shoe covers stained with litter and feces was 13.1% (52/398); the isolation rate of feed was 5.5% (16/292); the isolation rate of water was 0% (0/133); the isolation rate of suspended eggs and hatched chicken was 3.6% (7/196). In the 14 breeder farms, Salmonella were isolated from 12 farms, and the farm positive rate was 85.7%(12/14). In this study, S. Albany, S. Duesseldorf, and S. Schwarzengrund were the most frequently isolated serotypes and we used pulsed field gel electrophoresis to identify the genetic relationships of Salmonella isolates. These results showed that samples of 1-day-old chicken are important sources of Salmonella infection and though feed can be contaminated by Salmonella, the risk of Salmonella infection of chicken from feed is not very high. The Salmonella of the same genotype can persistently transmit in the broiler breeder farm, and may transmit to the child commercial broiler through vertical transmittion. Therefore, it is an important key to buy Salmonella free broiler breeder chicks. In this study we also found that the relationship of Salmonella infection between the numbers of broiler breeder and the raising facilities of broiler breeder farms is not close. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T04:54:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-99-R97629037-1.pdf: 1929974 bytes, checksum: 36ae9e581bc7f9760f54e2055e3baa20 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 目次
致謝………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ 中文摘要…………………………………………………………………Ⅲ Abstract…………………………………………………………………. Ⅴ 目次………………………………………………………………………Ⅶ 表次………………………………………………………………………Ⅹ 圖次……………………………………………………………………ⅩⅠ 第一章 緒言..……………………………………………………………1 第二章 文獻探討………………………………………………………..4 第一節 沙門氏菌簡介…………..………………………………4 第二節 沙門氏菌流行病學……………………………………..8 第三節 雞隻之沙門氏菌感染情形……………………………11 第四節 沙門氏菌之培養與分離………………………………16 第五節 脈衝式電泳……………………………………………20 第六節 縱向性研究……………………………………………24 第七節 危險因子………………………………………………27 第三章 材料與方法……………………………………………………29 第一節 樣本採集………………………………………………29 第二節 沙門氏菌之前增菌培養..……………………………..30 2-1 一日齡小雞………………………………………..30 2-2 鞋套………………………………………………..30 2-3 飼料………………………………………………..30 2-4 水質樣本…………………………………………..31 2-5 中止蛋……………………………………………..31 2-6 產蛋孵化之子代小雞……………………………..31 第三節 沙門氏菌之分離與鑑定………………………………33 3-1 沙門氏菌之分離…………….……………………..33 3-2 O抗原測定………………………………………...34 3-3 H抗原測定………………………………………...34 第四節 脈衝式電泳……………………………………………35 4-1 菌株與試劑製備…………………………………...36 4-2 製作與清洗PFGE菌塊……………………………36 4-3 限制酶之切割……………………………………...37 4-4 PFGE結果…………………………………………38 第四章 實驗結果………………………………………………………39 第一節 沙門氏菌分離率………………………………………39 第二節 沙門氏菌血清型………………………………………42 第三節 沙門氏菌脈衝式電泳之分子生物學分型……………47 第五章 討論……………………………………...…………………….51 第一節 樣本之分離率討論…………………………………...51 第二節 分離株之血清型討論………………………………...57 第三節 分離株之分子生物學分型討論……………………...59 第四節 臺灣地區白肉種雞場沙門氏菌感染之危險因子……69 第六章 結論……………………………………………………………70 第七章 參考文獻………………………………………………………72 表格……………………………………………………………………….80 圖片……………………………………………………………………….90 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.title | 臺灣地區白肉種雞場之沙門氏菌汙染模式研究 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | The investigation of Salmonella contamination model in broiler breeder farms in Taiwan | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 98-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 蔡向榮,張紹光,連一洋,陳秋麟 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 沙門氏菌,白肉種雞場,汙染模式,縱向性研究,脈衝式電泳,危險因子, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Salmonella,broiler breeder farm,contamination model,longitudinal study,pulsed field gel electrophoresis,risk factor, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 101 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2010-07-30 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 獸醫專業學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 獸醫學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 獸醫學系 | |
文件中的檔案：
| 檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ntu-99-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 1.88 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件，除了特別指名其著作權條款之外，均受到著作權保護，並且保留所有的權利。