請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/45674
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 吳先琪 | |
dc.contributor.author | Yi-Tin CHIU | en |
dc.contributor.author | 邱意婷 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T04:44:30Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2015-08-12 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2010-08-12 | |
dc.date.issued | 2010 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2010-08-09 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Bischoff, B. L. and Anderson, M. A. (1995) Peptization Process in the Sol-Gel Preparation of Porous Anatase (TiO2), Chem. Mater., 7, 1772-1778
Brown, D.M., Wilson, M.R., MacNee, W., Stone, V. and Donaldson, K. (2001) Size-dependent proinflammatory effects of ultrafine polystyrene particles: A role for surface area and oxidative stress in the enhanced activity of ultrafines. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 175(3), 191-199. Carey, J.H., Lawrence, J., and Tosine, H.M. (1976) Photodechlorination of PCB's in the presence of titanium dioxide in aqueous suspensions. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 16(6) , 697-701 Christian, P., Von der Kammer, F., Baalousha, M. and Hofmann, T. (2008) Nanoparticles: structure, properties, preparation and behaviour in environmental media. Ecotoxicology 17(5), 326-343. Choy, K.K.H., McKay, G. and Porter, J.F. (1999) Sorption of acid dyes from effluents using activated carbon. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 27(1-2), 57-71. Cronan, C.S. and Aiken, G.R. (1985) Chemistry and transport of soluble humic substances in forested watersheds of the adirondack park, New-York. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 49(8), 1697-1705. Dastgheib, S.A., and Rockstraw, D.A. (2002) A model for the adsorption of single metal ion solutes in aqueous onto activated carbon produced from pecan shells. Carbon, 40, 1843-1851. Diegoli, S., Manciulea, A.L., Begum, S., Jones, I.P., Lead, J.R. and Preece, J.A. (2008) Interaction between manufactured gold nanoparticles and naturally occurring organic macromolecules. Sci. Total Environ. 402(1), 51-61. Domingos, R.F., Tufenkji, N. and Wilkinson, K.J. (2009) Aggregation of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles: Role of a Fulvic Acid. Environ. Sci. Technol., 43(5), 1282-1286. Elimelech, M. and Chen, K.L. (2007) Influence of humic acid on the aggregation kinetics of fullerene(C60) nanoparticles in monovalent and divalent electrolyte solutions. J. Colloid Interface Sci., 309, 126-134. Everett, D.H. (1988) Basic principles of colloid science, Royal Society Chemistry. Farre, M., Gajda-Schrantz, K., Kantiani, L. and Barcelo, D. (2009) Ecotoxicity and analysis of nanomaterials in the aquatic environment. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 393(1), 81-95. French, R.A., Jacobson, A.R., Kim, B., Isley, S.L., Leepenn, R. and Baveye, P.C. (2009) Influence of ionic strength, pH, and cation valence on aggregation kinetics of TiO2 nanoparticles. Environ. Sci. Technol. 43(5), 1354-1359. Fujishima, A. and Honda, K. (1972) Electrochemical photolysis of water ata semiconductor electrod. Nature 238(5358), 37-38. Guzman, K.A.D., Finnegan, M.P. and Banfield, J.F. (2006) Influence of surface potential on aggregation and transport of titania nanoparticles. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40(24), 7688-7693. Hunter, R.J. (1987) Foundations of colloid science, Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK, vol I. Illes, E. and Tombacz, E. (2006) The effect of humic acid adsorption on pH-dependent surface charging and aggregation of magnetite nanoparticles. Colloid Interface Sci. 295(1), 115-123. Julian C. Smith, Peter Harriott and Warren M.C. (1985) Unit operation of chemical engineering, McGraw-Hill, Inc. Kaegi, R., Ulrich, A., Sinnet, B., Vonbank, R., Wichser, A., Zuleeg, S., Simmler, H., Brunner, S., Vonmont, H., Burkhardt, M. and Boller, M. (2008) Synthetic TiO2 nanoparticle emission from exterior facades into the aquatic environment. Environ. Pollut. 156(2), 233-239. Kamat, P. V. (1993) Photochemistry on Nonreactive and Reactive Surfaces, Chem. Rev., Vol. 93, pp. 267-269 Kemp, P.H. (1971) chemistry of natural waters.1. fundamental relationships. Water Res. 5(6), 297-311. Kosmulski, M. (2002) The significance of the difference in the point of zero charge between rutile and anatase. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 99(3), 255-264. Lyon, D.Y., Fortner, J.D., Sayes, C.M., Colvin, V.L. and Hughes, J.B. (2005) Bacterial cell association and antimicrobial activity of a C-60 water suspension. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. , 24(11),2757-2762 Marshall, J.K., and Kitchener, J.A. (1966) The Deposition of Colloidal Particles on Smooth Solids, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 22(4), 342-351. Morel, F.M.M. and Hering, J.G. (1993) Principles and Application of Aquatic Chemistry. Wiley, 3,160. National Nanotechnology Initiative. ( 2006) What is Nanotechnology? http:// www.nano.gov/ html/facts/home_facts. html. Niederberger, M., Bartl, M.H. and Stucky, G.D. (2002) Benzyl alcohol and titanium tetrachloride - A versatile reaction system for the nonaqueous and low-temperature preparation of crystalline and luminescent titania nanoparticles. Chem. Mater. 14(10), 4364-4370. Parks, G.A. (1965) Isoelectric points of solid oxides solid hydroxides and aqueous hydroxo complex systems. Chem. Rev. 65(2), 177-198. Pastorelli, C., Formaro, L., Ricca, G. and Severini, F. (1999)Electrochemical behavior if the humic acid from leonardite. Colloids Surf. B: Biointerfaces, 13, 127-134 Phadke, M.S. (1989) Quality Engineering Using Robust Desing, Prentice Hall Pignatello, J.J. (1998) Soil organic matter as a nanoporous sorbent of organic pollutants. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 76, 445-467. Rahaman, M.N. (2006) Ceramic Processing, CRC Press. Ravacha, C. and Rebhun, M. (1992) Binding of organic solutes to dissolved humic substances and its effects on adsorption and transport in the aquatic envirronment . Water Res. 26(12), 1645-1654. Rajagopalan, R. and Kim, J.S. (1981) Adsorption of Brownian particles in the presence of potential barrier: effect of different modes of double-layer interaction. Journal of Colloid Interface Sci. 83(2), 428-448. Schwarzenbach, R.P., Gschwend, P.M. and Imboder, D.M. (2003) Environmental organic chemistry. Wiley 148-150 Stevenson, F.J.(1982) Humic Chemistry: Genesis,Compositioi, Reactions. Wiley, New York. Tipping, E. and Higgins, D.C. (1982) the effect of adsorbed humic substances on the colloid stability of hematite particles. Colloids Surf. 5(2), 85-92. Uyguner, C.S. and Bekbolet, M. (2004) Evaluation of humic acid, chromium(VI) and TiO2 ternary system in relation to adsorptive interactions. Appl. Catal., B: Environmental 49(4), 267-275 Vallar, S., Houivet, D., El Fallah, J., Kervadec, D. and Haussonne, J.M. (1999) Oxide slurries stability and powders dispersion: Optimization with zeta potential and rheological measurements. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 19(6-7), 1017-1021. Velzeboer, I., Hendriks, A.J., Ragas, A.M.J. and Van de Meent, D. (2008) Aquatic ecotoxicity tests of some nanomaterials. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 27(9), 1942-1947. Wershaw, R.L. (1986) A new model for humic materials and their interactions with hydrophobic organic chemicals in soil-water or sediment-water systems. J. Contam. Hydrol. 1(1-2), 29-45. Wigginton, N.S., Haus, K.L. and Hochella, M.F. (2007) Aquatic environmental nanoparticles. J. Environ. Monit. 9(12), 1306-1316. Wiszniowski, J., Robert, D., Surmacz-Gorska, J., Miksch, K. and Weber, J.V. (2002) Photocatalytic decomposition of humic acids on TiO2 Part I: Discussion of adsorption and mechanism. J. Photochem. Photobiol., A- Chemistry 152(1-3), 267-273. Yang, K., Lin, D.H. and Xing, B.S. (2009) Interactions of Humic Acid with Nanosized Inorganic Oxides. Langmuir 25(6), 3571-3576. 施養信,董瑞安,吳先琪,2009,「水環境介質中奈米微粒轉換及宿命研究:期末報告」,行政院環保署。 陳耀茂譯,1997,田口實驗計畫法,滄海書局。 陳麗華,2009,奈米氧化鋅於水環境介質之宿命研究,碩士論文,國立台灣大學環境工程學研究所。 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/45674 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 在奈米科技蓬勃發展之下,奈米微粒可能會在環境中大量流佈,而造成健康上的危害。為掌握奈米顆粒在水環境中的行為和宿命,首先要釐清在不同水質條件下奈米顆粒間的交互作用。本研究主要藉由分析不同水質條件之懸浮奈米顆粒濃度,探討不同pH值、離子強度、天然有機物(腐植酸和黃酸)濃度之下,奈米二氧化鈦顆粒的穩定性。
研究結果發現,自製之奈米二氧化鈦pHzpc=5.5,當奈米懸浮液pH值趨近5.5時,顆粒粒徑迅速增大至微米級,上層液之殘留濃度也僅剩7.8 %,此現象可以DLVO理論計算不同介達電位與離子強度下能量變化情形來驗證。 吸附試驗發現對於奈米二氧化鈦吸附黃酸及腐植酸之吸附試驗結果分別可依Freundlich和B. E. T. 吸附模式模擬之,二氧化鈦對於腐植酸之吸附量大於黃酸,且在實驗濃度範圍內等溫吸附曲線未能達平衡。由沉降試驗結果可發現腐植物質初始濃度為0.1 mg/ L 時,會使奈米二氧化鈦顆粒較不穩定。添加腐植物質對於顆粒介達電位的影響不顯著,但腐植物質平衡濃度增加,上層液之殘留濃度逐漸提升,似乎顆粒間立體屏障效應趨於明顯。唯腐植酸平衡濃度過高(14.1 mg/L)時,則因吸附量大發生架橋作用,顆粒聚集沉澱。 利用三類真實水體試驗比對上述實驗結果,可找出水質參數與奈米顆粒穩定度之相關性。科學園區放流水離子強度偏高,使奈米顆粒極易團聚而沉澱;而影響奈米顆粒在水庫水中之穩定度的主要因子為總有機碳濃度,適量的腐植物質可增加顆粒間的立體屏障,達穩定懸浮。而自來水其水質較佳,使奈米二氧化鈦可長時間穩定懸浮。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | The increasing use of nano-materials in consumer products has led to much concerns about their release to the environment and the subsequent health impacts. To better predict the fate and behavior of nano-particles in aquatic systems, it is essential to understand their interactions with different components of natural waters including natural organic matter (NOM), such as humic acid and fulvic acid.
The objective of this study is to investigate the stability of nano- titanium- dioxide (nano-TiO2) under different pH, ionic strength and concentration of NOM in aqueous phase. The stability was determined by measuring the concentration of Ti in supernatant of the suspension. In this study, the surface charge of nano-TiO2 particles changed from positive to negative at pH 5.5. When the pH of the solution approaching 5.5, the average particle size increased rapidly to the micrometer level, and residual supernatant concentration was only 7.8% of the original concentration after three days. The effects of the ionic strength on the stability of nano-TiO2 particle were investigated. The result showed that when ionic strength was greater than 30 mM, the supernatant residual concentration of Ti would not influenced by pH value. The residual concentration decreased as ionic strength increased. Theses results were validated by the value of the estimated energy barrier between nano-TiO2 particles, which is calculated by following Derjaguin Landau Verwey Overbeek (DLVO) theory. The results from the settling experiments revealed that initial concentration of humic substances lower than 1 mg/L would cause nano-scale titanium dioxide particles unstable. Zeta potential for particles had no significant influence when humic substances were added under different concentrations. But the residual concentration of Ti in the supernatant would increase when the equilibrium concentration of humic substances increased. It seemed that the static-electric repulsion become more apparent. Under high equilibrium concentration of humic acid (14.1 mg/L) the surfaces of nano-TiO2 particles were covered with humic acid, the amount of adsorbate caused bridging between particles, and the particles easily aggregated and settled. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T04:44:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-99-R97541117-1.pdf: 2049774 bytes, checksum: 4f8ef19bcdbacb0db03395a938b1a7af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 中文摘要
英文摘要 第一章 前言 1 1.1 研究緣起 1 1.2 研究目的與內容 2 第二章 文獻回顧 3 2.1奈米二氧化鈦 3 2.1.1奈米二氧化鈦結構與性質 3 2.1.2奈米二氧化鈦製備 5 2.2 天然水體中的有機物質 7 2.2.1 溶解性有機物的特性 7 2.2.2 腐植物質的特性 7 2.3 奈米顆粒在水中的穩定性 12 2.3.1 pH值對奈米顆粒的影響 13 2.3.2 離子強度對奈米顆粒的影響 14 2.3.3 腐植物質對奈米顆粒的影響 15 2.3.3.1腐植酸對奈米顆粒的影響 15 2.3.3.2黃酸對奈米顆粒的影響 16 2.4 奈米顆粒間作用力 17 2.4.1 DLVO理論 17 2.4.1.1 凡得瓦爾作用力 18 2.4.1.2電雙層排斥力 19 2.4.2 吸附理論 20 2.4.2.1 動力吸附模式 20 2.4.2.2 等溫吸附模式 21 2.4.3立體屏障 23 2.5實驗計畫法 24 2.5.1 田口實驗計畫法-直交表 24 第三章 研究方法 29 3.1 研究架構 29 3.2 奈米二氧化鈦製備 30 3.3 奈米二氧化鈦在不同水質環境下之沉降試驗 31 3.3.1腐植物質對奈米顆粒的影響 32 3.4 奈米顆粒特性分析 34 3.4.1濃度分析-火焰式原子吸收光譜 34 3.4.2介達電位 34 3.4.3粒徑分析 35 3.4.4 離子強度 36 3.5腐植物質特性分析 36 3.5.1腐植物質濃度分析 37 3.5.2腐植酸表面官能基分析 37 3.6奈米顆粒與腐植物質之吸附試驗 38 3.6.1動力吸附試驗 38 3.6.2等溫吸附平衡試驗 39 3.7 直交表試驗 39 第四章 結果與討論 40 4.1 奈米懸浮液製備及其性質 40 4.2自行合成之奈米二氧化鈦懸浮液穩定性試驗 44 4.3腐植物質之特性 45 4.3.1 腐植物質與總有機碳濃度之關係 45 4.3.2 腐植物質表面官能基之定量分析 46 4.4 奈米顆粒在水環境中之沉降試驗 47 4.4.1 不同pH值下奈米二氧化鈦之沉降試驗 47 4.4.2 不同離子強度下奈米二氧化鈦之沉降試驗 50 4.4.3 不同水質環境下奈米二氧化鈦之沉降試驗 52 4.5 奈米顆粒吸附腐植物質之試驗 55 4.5.1奈米顆粒吸附腐植物質之動力試驗 55 4.5.2奈米顆粒於腐植物質中之等溫平衡吸附試驗 57 4.5.3奈米二氧化鈦溶液於不同濃度腐植酸中之沉降試驗 62 4.5.4奈米二氧化鈦溶液於不同濃度黃酸中之沉降試驗 65 4.6 不同自然水體環境中之沉降試驗 67 第五章 結論與建議 71 5.1 結論 71 5.2建議 72 參考文獻 73 附錄 實驗數據 a | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 奈米二氧化鈦在水環境中之穩定度研究 | zh_TW |
dc.title | The stability of Titanium Dioxide Nano-particles
in Aquatic Environment | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 98-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 李達源,張美玲 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 奈米二氧化鈦,穩定度,腐植酸,黃酸,膠凝,立體屏障, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | nano-scale titanium dioxide,stability,humic acid,fulvic acid,steric repulsion, | en |
dc.relation.page | 78 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2010-08-09 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 環境工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 環境工程學研究所 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-99-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 2 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。