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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 賈儀平(Yee-Ping Chia) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Pei-Ling Wang | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 王珮玲 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T04:44:26Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2012-08-10 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2010-08-10 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2010 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2010-08-09 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Akita, F. and N. Matsumoto (2004) Hydrological responses induced by the Tokachi-oki earthquake in 2003 at hot spring wells in Hokkaido, Japan. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L16603, doi:10.1029 /2004GL020433.
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/45667 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 本研究基於台灣地區三口高頻監測井之水位記錄，對於觀測期間內發生之地震，分析水位變化與地震規模、距離、分布等之相關性，並與體積應變互相驗證，探討同震水位變化機制。2004年至2009年觀測期間內，花蓮、壯圍井二號及赤山三號井分別記錄到280、97及47次地震引發的水位振盪現象，其中18、25及5次同時出現同震持續式水位變化。花蓮井只對附近地震反應出持續式水位變化，壯圍二號井能反應遠在1935公里外的汶川地震，而赤山三號則反應台灣東部及南部的地震。同震地下水位變化的發生不僅與震源距離及地震規模相關，也可能受到地質及構造的影響。大幅度的同震水位振盪未必導致持續式水位變化；有些同震水位振盪較小，卻出現持續式水位變化。由於三口井之持續式地下水位變化幅度與水位振盪幅度的相關係數分別為0.51、0.53及0.48，顯示震波振盪難以解釋同震持續式水位變化。土壤液化可以解釋同震水位上升現象，然而花蓮、壯圍井二號及赤山三號井持續式水位變化中僅有17%、 16%及0%出現上升。震動導致地層透水性增加則難以解釋花蓮井及壯圍二號井既觀測到同震水位上升，也出現同震水位下降，更難以解釋赤山三號井同震持續式水位變化速率的差異。至於同震持續式水位變化方向對映體積應變計算的結果，相符的程度為83%、60%及80%。由於在不同地質狀況下，含水層的特性會影響應力重新調整的狀況，可能導致實際上觀測到的同震水位變化可能與簡化條件下錯位模型計算出的體積應變不盡相符。因此，震波振盪難以解釋三口監測井的同震持續式水位變化，同震持續式水位變化可能是靜態體積應變所造成，但計算體積應變的模型仍需改進。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Base on high sampling rate records of three monitoring wells in Taiwan, we analyze the relation between coseismic water-level change and earthquake magnitude, hypocentral distance and distribution, and compare the calculated volumetric strain change with observed coseismic water-level change, in order to discuss possible mechanisms to sustained water-level change. Between 2004 and 2009, the Hualien, Zhuagnwei-2 and Chishan-3 wells recorded 280, 97, 47 oscillatory water-level changes, and 18, 25, 5 sustained water-level changes, respectively. Those earthquakes, which caused sustained water-level change, were located near the Hualien well. While the Zhuangwei-2 well recorded earthquakes as far as the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake 1935 km away from the well. And the Chishan-3 well recorded earthquakes located in the southern and eastern Taiwan. Geology and structure as well as hypocentral distance and earthquake magnitude affect coseismic water-level changes. There are earthquakes that induced large water level oscillations with no sustained water-level change, but some earthquakes induced small water level oscillations with induced sustained water-level change. To the Hualien, Zhuangwei-2 and Chishan-3 wells, the square correlation coefficient between sustained water-level change and oscillation range are 0.51, 0.53 and 0.48, respectively. Therefore, seismic shaking may not account for sustained water-level change. Liquefaction can account for coseismic rises. However, only 17% of sustained water-level changes at the Hualien well, 16% at the Zhuangwei-2 well, and 0% at the Chishan-3 well showed coseismic rises. Enhanced permeability may not account for the coseismic changes in the three wells, because it can’t apply to the Hualien and Zhuangwei-2 well that recorded coseismic rises and falls, and the different rates in sustained water-level changes at the Chishan-3 well. Static strain change can account for 83% of coseismic changes at the Hualien well, 60% at the Zhuangwei-2 well, and 80% at the Chishan-3 well. The inconsistency between calculated strains and observations could be caused by different physical properties of aquifers and the complexity of stress redistribution. Therefore, coseismic sustained water-level changes at the three wells may due to static strain changes, but a simple dislocation model may be insufficient to predict pore pressure change at a specific site. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T04:44:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-99-R96224104-1.pdf: 25556038 bytes, checksum: ce6362682185f11a39f71b9573912d53 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員會審定書 i
誌謝 ii 摘要 iii Abstract iv Table of Contents v Figure List ix Table List xiv Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Objective 1 1.2 Construction of This Study 4 Chapter 2 Review of Coseismic Water-level Change 7 2.1 Response of Pore pressure to Stress 7 2.1.1 Effect of Static Stress 9 2.1.2 Effect of Dynamic Strain 11 2.2 Observation of Coseismic Groundwater-level Change 12 2.2.1 Oscillatory Groundwater-level Change 12 2.2.2 Sustained Groundwater-level Change 14 2.3 Mechanisms of Sustained Water-level Change 16 2.3.1 Coseismic Static Strain 16 2.3.2 Coseismic Consolidation and Liquefaction 17 2.3.3 Enhanced Permeability or Porosity 19 Chapter 3 Monitoring Records 21 3.1 Monitoring wells 21 3.1.1 The Hualien Well 22 3.1.2 The Zhuangwei-2 Well 28 3.1.3 The Chishan-3 Well 36 3.1.4 Water-stage Recorder 44 3.2 Earthquake Records 44 3.3 Barometric Pressure, Rainfall, and Ocean Tide Records 44 Chapter 4 Methods 45 4.1 Long-term water-level Change Analysis 45 4.2 Identify Coseismic Groundwater-level Change 48 4.1.1 Identify Oscillatory Groundwater-level Change 48 4.1.2 Identify Sustained Groundwater-level Change 49 4.1.3 Calculate oscillatory and sustained Groundwater-level Changes 50 4.3 Analysis the Correlation between Groundwater Records and Seismograms 51 4.4 Volumetric Strain calculation 52 Chapter 5 Coseismic Water-level Changes at the Hualien Well 53 5.1 Distribution of Earthquakes that Induced Coseismic Water-level Changes 53 5.2 Oscillatory Water-level Change 55 5.2.1 Oscillatory Water-level Change and Hypocentral Distance 55 5.2.2 The Threshold of Oscillatory Water-level Change 56 5.3 Sustained Water-level Change 56 5.3.1 Water-level Change and Hypocentral Distance 56 5.3.2 The Threshold of Sustained Water-level Change 58 5.3.3 The Pattern of Sustained Coseismic Change 59 5.3.4 The Time History of Sustained Coseismic Change 61 5.4 Oscillatory and Sustained Water-level Changes 62 5.5 Sustained Water-level Change and Volumetric Strain 67 Chapter 6 Coseismic Water-level Changes at the Zhuangwei-2 Well 71 6.1 Distribution of Earthquakes that Induced Coseismic Water-level Changes 71 6.2 Oscillatory Water-level Change 73 6.2.1 Oscillatory Water-level Change and Hypocentral Distance 73 6.2.2 The Threshold of Oscillatory Water-level Change 74 6.3 Sustained Water-level Change 75 6.3.1 Water-level Change and Hypocentral Distance 75 6.3.2 The Threshold of Sustained Water-level Change 76 6.3.3 The Pattern of Sustained Coseismic Change 77 6.3.4 The Time History of Sustained Coseismic Change 80 6.4 Oscillatory and Sustained Water-level Changes 83 6.5 Sustained Water-level Change and Volumetric Strain 85 Chapter 7 Coseismic Water-level Changes at the Chishan-3 Well 89 7.1 Distribution of Earthquakes that Induced Coseismic Water-level Changes 89 7.2 Oscillatory Water-level Change 90 7.2.1 Oscillatory Water-level Change and Hypocentral Distance 90 7.2.2 The Threshold of Oscillatory Water-level Change 91 7.2.3 Oscillatory Water-level Change and Ground Displacement 92 7.3 Sustained Water-level Change 94 7.3.1 Water-level Change and Hypocentral Distance 94 7.3.2 The Threshold of Sustained Water-level Change 95 7.3.3 The Pattern of Sustained Coseismic Change 96 7.3.4 The Time History of Sustained Coseismic Change 98 7.4 Oscillatory and Sustained Water-level Changes 98 7.5 Sustained Water-level Change and Volumetric Strain 100 Chapter 8 Discussion 103 8.1 Coseismic Oscillatory Water-level Change 103 8.1.1 Coseismic Oscillatory Water-level Change and Earthquake Distribution 103 8.1.2 The Threshold of Coseismic Oscillatory Water-level Change 103 8.2 Coseismic Sustained Water-level Change 104 8.2.1 Coseismic Sustained Water-level Change and Earthquake Distribution 104 8.2.2 The Threshold of Coseismic Sustained Water-level Change 109 8.2.3 Directions and Patterns of Coseismic Sustained Water-level Change 109 8.3 Relationship between Oscillatory and Sustained Water-level Change 110 8.3.1 Coseismic sustained and oscillatory water-level change 110 8.3.2 Large water-level oscillations with no sustained water-level change 110 8.4 Mechanisms of Sustained Water-level Change 111 8.4.1 Mechanism of Coseismic Liquefaction 111 8.4.2 Mechanism of Enhanced Permeability 112 8.4.3 Mechanism of Static Strain Change 113 Chapter 9 Conclusions 115 Chapter 10 Suggestions 117 References 119 Appendices 127 Appendix A: Well Parameters 127 Appendix B: Yearly Two-minute Interval Records with Barometric Pressure, Rainfall, and Earthquakes 128 B.1 The Hualien Well 128 B.2 The Zhuangwei-2 Well 134 B.3 The Chishan-3 Well 140 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.subject | 赤山井 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 地下水 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 同震 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 持續式變化 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 花蓮井 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 壯圍井 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | the Zhuangwei well | en |
| dc.subject | the Chishan well | en |
| dc.subject | groundwater | en |
| dc.subject | coseismic | en |
| dc.subject | sustained change | en |
| dc.subject | the Hualien well | en |
| dc.title | 同震持續式地下水位變化機制之探討 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Studies on Mechanisms of Coseismic Sustained Groundwater-level Changes | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 98-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 胡植慶(Jyr-Ching Hu),龔源成(Yuancheng Gung),劉聰桂(Tsung-Kwei Liu) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 地下水,同震,持續式變化,花蓮井,壯圍井,赤山井, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | groundwater,coseismic,sustained change,the Hualien well,the Zhuangwei well,the Chishan well, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 144 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2010-08-09 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 理學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 地質科學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 地質科學系 | |
文件中的檔案：
| 檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ntu-99-1.pdf 未授權公開取用 | 24.96 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件，除了特別指名其著作權條款之外，均受到著作權保護，並且保留所有的權利。