植物立體化栽培控制環境之遠端監控

Abstract

本研究使用內建網路晶片的可程式化介面控制卡 (PICNIC)、多種感測器、IP攝影機與無線基地台組成無線多媒體感測網路，使用VB撰寫使用者介面軟體，建構了植物立體化栽培環控室之遠端監控軟體。軟硬體整合的系統可透過網路由遠端取得三間環控室內的空氣溫度、相對濕度、二氧化碳濃度、養液溫度與室外溫濕度等資訊，予以儲存或做為啟動控制系統之依據。 此系統同時針對環控室內內循環風扇、養液循環、二氧化碳補充、加濕、補光等設備提供手動與自動控制功能，另有影像監測系統允許對內部環境作拍照或錄影，亦提供警報功能針對環境因子或門禁開關的異常而發出簡訊給管理者。對植物在室內栽培所需的監控系統而言，本研究提出了初步的架構，感測部分尚稱完整，但控制部分是否要網路遠端來執行則仍有爭議。

Programmable interface controller with network interface card (PICNIC) was used as the driven engine, integrated with various sensors, IP camera and wireless access point, the wireless multimedia sensor network (WMSN) was formed. Software written in Visual Basic was completed in this study monitor and control environmental factors as well as equipments used in three growth chambers growing Boston lettuce on multi-layer benches using artificial light as the only light source. IP camera was used and can be controlled through the software to provide snapshots or video clips. Alarming system also developed, the alarm message can also be sent to manager’s cell phone through GSM system in text or voice mail. Sensing modules were developed. Imported and locally made temperature, relative humidity and carbon dioxide concentration sensors were compared. Results suggested that all domestic sensors although much cheaper but were as good as imported ones. Carbon dioxide enrichment system developed can greatly promote the growth of Boston lettuce produced in the controlled environment. The fresh weight increased from 77.5 + 16.7 to 101.6 + 15.5 g per head. The system developed in this study can not only used for growth chamber but also suitable for large scale growth chamber such as the so called plant factory. The sensing module and software can also be used in greenhouse industry. Keywords: WMSN, Plant Factory, Field Server, PICNIC, Controlled Environment, Remote Monitoring and Control